• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.127-136
• /
• 2006

The intent of this study is to propose future planning guidelines and directions of the mixed-use buildings in the residential land development district in country-side cities, based on the concept that the neighborhood facilities are to be strategically laid out in a convenient location and planned in a proper manner for a healthy, safe, friendly and new neighborhood environment. For this purpose, seventeen mixed-use buildings which had been built in Shin-Eum housing development district in Gimcheon from 1995 until 2004 were chosen and investigated in terms of architectural characteristics in that process with surveying and analyzing those. The scope of investigation on case studies was that site size would be below 400 square meters, total area below 1500 square meters, and the number of stories below five stories high on the ground. Method of investigation on those was through field investigation, field photographs, recordings and drawings on those. Investigative contents have been divided and analyzed into the quantitative and qualitative factors in urban and architectural dimension. From results of quantitative investigations, five planning guidelines or directions could be obtained. From results of qualitative investigations, five planning guidelines or directions could be obtained. The criteria will be applied to new architectural developments of the neighborhood facilities linked with the small shops.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.189-197
• /
• 2013

The purpose of the study was to analyze the improvement elements depended on housing quality measurement tool related to mental health. The data for the analysis was collected through questionnaire survey method from November 1, 2012 to January 17, 2013, and the sample consisted of 720 respondents living in single detached houses, multi-families detached houses, apartments, and town houses in 4 cities, Seoul, Busan, Daejeon, and Kwangju. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of improvement elements are as follows: 1) Pedestrian-threaten street from cars in physical safety 2) A secluded or dark spot and fear of walking at night in social security, 3) Indoor noise, outdoor noise, and evidence of abandoned trash heap/bottle in neighborhood in health & sanitation, 4) Illegal parking and heating control system in facility convenience, 5) Extra kitchen, number of bathrooms, and community spaces in space convenience, 6) Openness and spaciousness of indoor room, and satisfaction of house and neighborhood in comfort, 7) Management common/sharing space in maintenance, 8) Energy saving facility and environment friendly materials use in sustainability, 9) Burden on housing cost, asset value on house, and school district in economic value, 10) Reflection of residents style, surrounding building's number of layers, and neighborhood appearance of preference in housing environment image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2018

In recent years, with the growing interest in electric vehicles, the development of a Neighborhood Electronic Vehicle (NEV) made for urban driving is accelerating. Existing NEVs are set to ~0.3 - 0.35 with more emphasis on performance rather than minimizing air resistance. In this paper, a NEV with a streamlined car body is proposed. The shape of dolphins and sharks was applied to the car body to minimize the air resistance generated when driving. Also, the performance of the vehicle was estimated by calculating the traction force and the roll couple, etc. To check the drag coefficient of the car body, finite element analysis software (COMSOL Multiphysics) was used. The frame of the vehicle is divided into the forward and the rear parts. Carbon pipe is used for the frame by MIG welding. The car body of the vehicle was fabricated by forming carbon fiber. This study confirmed the general possibility of using NEVs through driving experiments.

• Journal of Labour Economics
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.45-62
• /
• 2013

In this study, we revisit an empirical literature has found that neighborhood income inequality lowers people's likelihood of contributing public goods in terms of volunteering. We contribute to the literature by explicitly addressing the issues of larger and improper neighborhood choice with a census-type data and endogenous neighborhood location with some unique features of 2009 Social Survey Data by Statistics Korea. The results have confirmed that income heterogeneity lowers people's volunteering.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.140-151
• /
• 2001

This study based on the theoretical understanding of multi-layer planting which have engineering, ecological and landscape benefits, was conducted to find out the status of multi-layer planting in the apartment and neighborhood park in Seoul. This study was also aimed to seek for the problematic matters, and suggest a solution on the current multi-layer planting. The results of this study were as follows; 1) Since landscape woody plants have been classified just as tree and shrub in Korea, the classification for the multi-layer planting has been unreasonable, and landscape woody plants might have been classified as tree, sub-tree and shrub, or upper, middle, and lower-layer, It could be defined that upper layer is over eight meters in full growth, middle over 3-8 meters and lower under 3 meters. 2) In apartments, the upper layer consisted of eighteen species, the middle and lower layer seven species each. In neighborhood parks, the upper layer consisted of fifteen species, and the middle and lower layer five species each. 3) In terms of planting year of the surveyed areas, there were no differences in the number of species when planting year of the apartment was divided into two groups, the first half(1900-1995) and the second(1996-2000). But, in terms of individual occupation, the percentage was decreased in upper layer, while there was increasing in middle and lower layer. 4) As the result of survey of multi-layered area, it appeared that apartment was shown 0.65 percent and neighborhood park 0.61 percent of the planted area, which was less than 1 percentage of landscape architecturally planted area. 5) In apartment, the number of individual in middle layers has been increased in the first half and the second, but with respect to the correlation with multi-layered area, the apartments had the "$\rho$=0.208", saying that increasing middle layer was scattered planting instead of multi-layered planting. 6) In planting at the apartments in Korea, the planting density was limited, because the layer division was restricted to only tree and shrub. On the contrary, it was divided into upper, middle and lower tree in Japan. Therefore, in Korea, it should be classified as the planting density by dividing into tree, sub-tree, and shrubs, or upper, middle and lower tree by the law. And, it should be considered that the multi-layered planting has a proper organic relation as well as the planting density.g density.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.923-933
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study targeting Choansan(Mt.) Neighborhood Park in Seoul of South Korea, whose level of visitation and use pressure has been recently increasingly high, was to understand distribution and damage status of forest trail and accordingly, set up direction of how to improve forest trail in urban area. With regards to current damage on forest trail in Choansan(Mt.) Neighborhood Park, the damaged trail with road width of over 2m and with erosion depth of over 30cm amounted to 20.3% and 36.3% respectively. And the trail section with bare land erosion, root exposure or rock exposure and the section whose impact rating class exceeded IV occupied 47.0% and 70.6%, indicating the forest trail was severely damaged. The severely injured trail route mainly included the main forest trail formed along the main ridge, the byroad connected to the main forest trail and the steep forest trail in low-lying area. Based on the study results, five types of restoration of forest trail in Choansan(Mt.) Neighborhood Park were offered, including prevention of forest trail extension, stabilization of forest trail base, maintenance of forest trail surface, vegetation restoration after closing forest trail and maintenance. Ecological restoration was additionally offered. The prevention of forest trail extension was planned to prevent expanded width of forest trail where bare land was exposed. The stabilization of forest trail base was planned to prevent erosion in the forest trail and exposure of roots. The maintenance of forest trail surface was planned in a way to protect the severely damaged forest trail surface by using wood deck and wood stairs and surfacing the road.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.13-30
• /
• 2019

Parking lot within housing site contains public interest of relieving parking space shortage problem and subject to public restriction. If auctioned off at higher price by excessive competition in general competitive bid for land bidders, the development of parking lot will be made against its original purpose supply. The core issue is that a bid price is quite often to be blown out of proportion by 150%~ 250% due to extreme competition and, could face serious problem if a winning bidder runs sale business. If it is rental business, although about 30% of the total floor space of the whole building to be used as neighborhood facilities, too high winning bid price cause to lose transparency. In case of sale at aggregate buildings, most business operators would sell 30% of the neighborhood facilities, spare the parking lot and manages thereof separately. According to Aggregate Buildings Act, neighborhood facilities are allowed for individual registration and ownership of parking lot by business operator or designated person by business operator. In this case, the parking lot becomes 70% of the total floor space of the whole building and 70% of the land share which makes the mortgage very valuable and easier for business operator to get financial loan. There used to be many cases such as owners of neighborhood facilities (aggregate buildings partial owners) who run parking lot to repay their loan running parking lot to repay loan, but found that very tough and reached auction and relatively disadvantaged. For parking lot within housing site, it is recommend to exclude the public factors that land has and take into account of public restriction in area (housing site). Business opportunity for operators and protection of property rights for buyers in aggregate buildings, land supply method is recommended to replace from highest bid method into draw or private contract. In terms of price, supply at estimated price (construction price) and restriction on usage (Co-ownership of parking lot) proposals are submitted.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.978-993
• /
• 2013

It can be advantage as well as disadvantage to use the spatial weight matrix in a spatial regression model; it would benefit from explicitly quantifying spatial relationships between geographical units, but necessarily involve subjective judgment while specifying the matrix. We took Incheon City as a study area and investigated how the fitness of a spatial regression model changed by constructing various spatial weight matrices. In addition, we explored neighborhood segmentation in the study area and analyzed any influence of it on the model adequacy of two basic spatial regression models, i.e., spatial lagged and spatial error models. The results showed that it can help to improve the adequacy of models to specify the spatial weight matrix strictly, that is, interpreting the neighborhood as small as possible when estimating land price. It was also found that the spatial error model would be preferred in the area with serious spatial heterogeneity. In such area, we found that its spatial heterogeneity can be alleviated by delineating sub-neighborhoods, and as a result, the spatial lagged model would be preferred over the spatial error model.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.803-809
• /
• 2007

This study suggests a computational model to inquire the roles of phonological information and orthography information in the process of visual word recognition among the courses of language information processing, and the representation types of the mental lexicon. The model that this study is presenting here was designed as a feed forward network structure which is comprised of input layer which uses two Korean syllables as its input value, hidden layer, and output layer which express meanings. As the result of the study, the computational model showed the phonological and orthographic neighborhood effect among language phenomena which are shown in Korean word recognition, and showed proofs which implies that the mental lexicon is represented as phonological information in the process of Korean word recognition.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.363-375
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the influence of children's and caregivers' perceptions of local neighborhood environments on children's physical activities (PAs) and screen-based activities (SBAs) among low-income families. Methods: Secondary data analysis was performed using the data of 171 low-income children attending community child care centers and of their caregivers. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis and logistic regression analysis were employed to analyze data. Results: PAs were insufficient and SBAs were excessive in the majority of children. Children and primary caregivers had moderately negative perceptions of their local neighborhood environments. However these perceptions were not found to affect children's PAs or SBAs significantly. Conclusion: Although perceptions of local neighborhoods were not found to significantly influence children's PAs or SBAs, efforts are needed to make community child care centers and neighborhoods safer and more activity-friendly.