• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.81-81
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• 1997

We previously demonstrated an enhancer-like positive regulatory element within a 259-bp sequence (-2352 to-2094 bp) of the human CYP1A2 gene in HepG2 cells. Three protein binding sites were identified by DNase I footprint analyses within the 259-bp sequence: protected region A PRA ( -2283 to-2243 bp), PRB (-2218 to-2187 bp), and PRC (-2124 to-2098 bp) (I. Chung and E. Bresnick, Mol. Pharmacol. 47, 677-685, 1995). In the present study, the functional significance of those protected regions was examined. Transfection experiments with deletion and substitution mutants defined the PRB and PRC as containing positive and negative regulatory elements, respectively. Human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells were cotransfected with a hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 (HNF-1) expression vector and CYP1A2 promoter-or thymidine kinase promoter-luciferase remoter gene constructs. HNF-1, which contributes to the liver specificity of genes, enhanced reporter gene activity in a PRC sequence-dependent manner. These results suggested that PRC could exist bound to a repressor which was displaceable by other transcription factors such as HNF-1. Results obtained by transfection of HepG2 hepatoma cells with various PRB substitution mutant-luciferase gene fusion constructs indicated that the entire sequence of PRB was necessary for promoter activity. Consequently, the regulation of CYP1A3 expression is very complex, requiring a number of both positive and negative regulatory factors.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

The characteristics of delivered nutrient loads were analyzed and the regression equations to estimate delivery ratios of nutrients (TN and TP) were developed using HSPF simulation results at six subwatersheds within the Bochung A unit watershed during 1998-2007. TN delivery ratio was higher than TP delivery ratio because significant amounts of TP was considered to be attached at soil as ${PO_4}^-$ during delivery process from discharged point of nutrient source to main stream. As a results of correlation analysis, factors related to geomorphic characteristics had not statistical correlation with TN and TP delivery ratios. TN loading rate from living and specific stream flow had statistical negative and positive correlation, respectively, with TN delivery ratio. TP loading rates from all sources and from land cover and specific stream flow had statistical negative, negative and positive correlation, respectively. The specific stream flow represents the most strong correlation with nutrient delivery ratios. The regression equations to estimate delivery ratios for TN and TP were developed by including statistical correlated factors and showed high efficiency of 0.98 and 0.95 of coefficient of determination for TN and TP, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.409-426
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• 2016

This study examined consumers' regret after purchasing fashion goods. We identified product and situational characteristics that influence regret as well as the relationship between regret and its result variables, dissatisfaction, regret solving effort and repurchase intention. We collected 642 copies of questionnaires, distributed to females in their 20's to 40's online from March $18^{th}$-$25^{th}$, 2010. Data was analyzed using SPSS 14.0 and LISREL 8.50. The major findings of the study were as follows. First, total five factors of product characteristics (called negative evaluation for value price, expectation difference, design/coordination, size/fitness and quality) were identified and three factors of situational characteristics (called sale/inaction, time pressure/shopping companion, and impulsive buying) were investigated. Regret was significantly effected by negative evaluation for value price, design/coordination, size/fitness, quality except negative evaluation for expectation difference in product characteristics and impulsive buying and situational characteristics. The results indicated a significant relationship between regret, dissatisfaction, regret solving effort and repurchase intention. These were the result to implicate that a consideration for the feeling of regret that influenced consumer satisfaction and dissatisfaction should be made from the aspect of marketing strategies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.3247-3251
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• 2015

Background: The attendance rates for cancer screening are low in Japan. Little is actually known about how the Japanese perceive cancer. Since beliefs about illness affect individuals' health care practice, the aim of this study was to explore beliefs about cancer and factors associated with those beliefs, focusing on representative cancer sites. Materials and Methods: Japanese adults (${\geq}20$ years old) who had not been diagnosed with any cancers and were not health care professionals were recruited, using a convenience sampling approach. A total of 91 participants completed questionnaires including open-ended questions. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the responses. Results: Five themes were suggested: (i) a threatening illness that might greatly change one's future life; (ii) basic cancer knowledge; (iii) a curable illness with early detection and adequate treatment; (iv) causes of cancer; and (v) anyone can develop cancer. Families or friends' negative consequences of cancer were associated with negative beliefs about the disease. Gestational cancer was the most representative site of most themes. Conclusions: A threatening illness (e.g., death or incurable illness) was the most common belief among the Japanese laypeople. Importance of early detection and treatments should be more emphasized, and future screening programs should include strategies modifying negative cancer beliefs among Japanese laypeople.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.223-237
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• 1996

This study was conducted in order to contribute to female student health by providing fundamental data for health instruction and health counsel. The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of PMS by a menstrual distress questionnaire, and determine sex-identity factors related to PMS. The data were collected by a questionaire conducted from December 1,1995 to December 20, 1995. The subjects of research were 1,102 high school students in Seoul. The data analyzed was done using the SPSS PC+, and the results were as follows; 1. The perceived subjective symptoms were clusted behavioral change, negative affects, pain, impaired concentration, water retention and autonomic reactions. The most common symtoms during the period of 2 to 10 days before menses were vaginal discharge(79%), back pain(70.4%), nervous tension(60.8%), fatigue(56.2%), abdominal bloating(54.5%), mood change(52.8), pelvic pain(46.8%), resistance to study(45.9) and talking(43.3). 2. There was a significant correlation between the clusters symptoms; negative affects and behavioral changes(r=.9326, p=.000), behavioral changes and impaired concentration (r=.8572, p=.000), negative affects and impaired concentration(r=.8411, p=.000) and autonomic reaction and pain(r=.7267, p=.000). 3. Sex-identity factors were related to PMS ; perception of the female(F=5.1811, p=.006) and pregnancy concerns (T=3.54, p=.000).

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.43-56
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• 2020

Purpose - This study was carried out to analyze the influential factors of how consumers methodize purchasing agricultural products via direct market. It further utilizes the Discrete Choice Model to analyze consumer decision specifically with regards to individual markets and store attributes. Research design and methodology - This study will use the multinomial logit model to interpret the influential factors behind selecting a specific market to purchase from. This study establishes 'online direct-purchase' as the base category with 'direct farm markets', 'local foods direct markets', 'produce boxes (CSA)' as substitutes. Results - Firstly, the variety of products, price and freshness had a positive influence on choosing 'direct farm markets' while convenience of payment and transportation had a negative influence. Second, freshness and store attributes had a positive influence on choosing 'local foods direct markets' but product price and packaging, location accessibility had a negative influence. And although product creditability had a positive influence on purchasing 'produce boxes (CSA)', product price had a negative influence. Conclusions - Accordingly, there is a need for the South Korean government to encourage the adoption of mobile payment through smartphone applications in direct farm markets to vitalize direct agricultural purchasing. However, this does need to be approached cautiously as price has a conflicting affect for each method of purchase.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.270-283
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between working environment and quality of life of fashion vendor company workers by using working environment variables such as job stress, job burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Preliminary test was conducted by interviewing fashion vendor company workers in order to find out factors that were more suitable for their working environment. Main survey was conducted to 200 fashion vendor company workers and 194 responses were analyzed. The results of correlation analysis showed that job stress, job burnout, job satisfaction, turnover intention, and factors of quality of life had significant relationships. Boss stress, role stress, achivement decrease, and personal condition satisfaction showed a significant relationship with turnover intention. The results of path analysis showed that job stress had a positive relationship with job burnout and job burnout had a negative relationship with job satisfaction. Both job stress and job burnout had a positive relationship with turnover intention, whereas job satisfaction had a negative relationship with turnover intention. Also, the results showed that job burnout and turnover intention had a negative relationship with quality of life of fashion vendor company workers, whereas job satisfaction had a positive relationship with quality of life of fashion vendor company workers.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.25-35
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate how work-family spillover differed by employment status of married women and to identify factors related to the differences. This study drew a sample of 332 self-employers, 181 unpaid family workers, and 1,053 wage workers from the 2014 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. It was found that negative work-family spillover did not differ by employment status of married women. However, positive work-family spillover was found the lowest in family workers. The regression analysis showed that the difference remained after controlling socio-demographic characteristics, average working hours, and the number of days off per week. The factors related to negative spillover were age, the presence of young children, working hours, and the number of days off. Findings from this study suggest that family workers are most disadvantaged in terms of work-family spillover. Yet there is no policy developed for them. Family policy needs to take them into account in planning and implementing services.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.216-226
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• 2015

This study identifies factors of perceived risk of up-cycling fashion products and investigates perceived risk factors that influence consumers' trust, purchase intention, and recommendation intention towards upcycling fashion products. We also examine the relationship of trust, purchase intention, and recommendation intention for upcycling fashion products. A qualitative research method using a free narrative form and depth interview were used. The perceived risk from up-cycling fashion products generated 5 factor solutions: aesthetic risk, sanitary risk, social risk, performance risk, and economic risk. Next, 201 effective data were collected from a questionnaire survey and analyzed with SPSS 22.0. The results are summarized as follows. First, aesthetic risk and performance risk had a negative effect on products. Second, aesthetic risk and performance risk had negative influence on purchase intention for upcycling fashion products. Third, performance risk had a negative impact on recommendation intention for upcycling fashion products. Fourth, trust had positive effect on purchase intention and recommendation intention for upcycling fashion products. The results of the current study provides various theoretical and practical implications for marketers and retailers interested in up-cycling fashion products.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.209-227
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• 2015

The present study investigated maternal parenting stress trajectories, using data gathered from the Korean Children Panel Survey. Four factors-monthly income, maternal depression levels, infants' negative emotionality, marital conflict-which were taken from reports made by the mothers' used in this study, were examined as predictors of maternal parenting stress trajectories. The effects of maternal parenting stress trajectories, parenting styles and toddlers' peer interruptive behaviors were also examined. The findings were as follows: First, maternal parenting stress trajectories somewhat increased from the 1st year period to the 4th year period. Second, infants' negative emotionality and marital conflict within the first year were observed to have a connection to the initial level and slope of maternal parenting stress trajectories. Third, maternal parenting stress trajectories predicted positive parenting styles, and parenting styles had a longitudinal impact on toddlers' peer interruptive behaviors at the 5th year period.