• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.202-216
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• 2001

Subject : After acupuncture at So-Chung(HT9) in humans(n=4) we intend to know the differents of acupuncture at acupuncture and non-acupuncture on the electrical frequency change and signal transmission along the meridian with different acupuncture manipulation method. Met6ods : The etectrical signal on the heart merdian acupuncture point, So-Bu(HT8), Shin-Moon(HT7) and So-Hae(HT3), and control non acupuncture points was measured by electrodes biopack instrument. Acupuncture needles(diameter: 0.25mm, length:30mm) were used for acupuncture. The frequency was recorded before, during and after needling the So-chung. Results : After acupuncture the components between 2 and 5Hz frequency level were decreased comparing with that of pre-acupuncture state. Time-delayed correlation coefficient was increased every 10 seconds. It imply that the signal may be transferred. These effects did not appear at non acupuncture point and also did not arise when there was no ki(氣) feeling. These results suggest that acupuncture stimulation is similar to 2~5Hz frequency electric acupuncture. and ki feeling and manipulation which can induce ki feeling is very important in acupuncture clinic.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.47-67
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• 2009

Objectives : To research the trend of the study related to pharmacopuncture about musculoskeletal and nervous diseases in China and to make a comparison with clinical application on pharmacopuncture about musculoskeletal and nervous diseases in China and Korea. Methods : I reviewed and analyzed four Chinese Journals relating pharmacopucture from 2004 to 2008 and two Korean Journals relating pharmacopuncture from 1999 to 2008. Results : The following results were obtained in this study. 1. The pharmacopuncture was often used for diseases of spines and joints. 2. In the medicine of pharmacopuncture, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix were mainly used in China, and Bee-venom in Korea. 3. As a method of needling, local acupoint and Ashi-point were mainly ueed in both China and Korea. 4. In combined treatments, acupuncture, electronic acupuncture, Chuna, heating acupuncture were mainly used in China, and acupuncture, herb medicine, physiotherapy in Korea. 5. In the case of control group study, compared with other treatments pharmacopuncture was not verified the superiority of effectiveness in China, but in Korea, the effectiveness of a pharmacopuncture could be compared with that of others and the effectivenss of different pharmacopuncture could be compared. Conclusions : As seen above, in Korea, clinician should carry out clinical application about musculoskeletal and nervous diseases with various herbal injections besides Bee-venom. And I think that it will be starting point to use Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix and Angelicae Gigantis Radix that were often used in China.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.433-442
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture for the treatment of Raynaud's disease. Methods: This review was conducted using nine electronic databases (CINAHL, CiNii, CNKI, EMBASE, J-STAGE, NDSL, OASIS, PubMed, and WANFANG) and the keywords "Raynaud's disease", "Raynaud disease", "acupuncture", and "needling". Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using acupuncture for Raynaud's disease were included, and the methodological quality of the trials was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Results: After screening, six RCTs were selected among 67, and the total effective rate and peripheral blood flow were used as evaluation methods. In five studies, the total effective rate was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group. In three studies, peripheral blood flow was higher in the intervention group than in the control group, with two studies being statistically significant and the remaining study not being statistically significant. Conclusions: Acupuncture could be a suitable treatment without adverse effects for Raynaud's disease because it improves peripheral blood flow. However, further studies, including randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind methods, and clear evaluation criteria are needed.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.85-99
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• 2006

Objectives : Proper acupuncture stimulation is associated with a characteristic set of sensation usually referred to as 'De-Qi'. In order to develop the appropriate sham acupuncture, various sensations to each stimulation should be considered through analysis of the profiles of acupuncture sensation. It was therefore investigated to compare the acupuncture sensation scale (ASS) of two types of sham acupuncture to that of the real acupuncture. Methods : Ninety-four participants (mean age 26.4, range 26-49) were asked to complete five point-Likert scale ASS developed by Vincent et al. after real or two-kinds of sham acupuncture stimulation: blunted tip sham acupuncture (BT) and round tip sham acupuncture (RT). Needling was done at LI4 acupoint on non-dominant hand and stimulated for 30 seconds with real or two-kinds of sham needle. Finger withdrawal latency (FWL) of each group was also measured to evaluate the pain sensitivity to noxious heat stimuli. Results : BT acupuncture significantly less produced penetrating, numb, intense, hurting, pulling, shock, tingling, throbbing sensation than real acupuncture stimulation. RT acupuncture significantly less produced penetrating, burning, electric, numb, intense, hurting, pulling, aching, shasharp, shock, stinging, tingling, throbbing sensation than real acupuncture. Each group did not demonstrate the differences of pain sensitivity to noxious stimuli. Conclusions : These results indicated that types of tip of acupuncture produced different kinds of acupuncture sensation. Our finding provides a general information of sensations to two kinds of sham acupuncture for development of ideal placebo sham needle.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to compare hair and alopecia of Korean Medicine with those of western medicine. Methods : We studied relationships between hair and essense(精), qi(氣), blood(血), five vicera(五臟) and meridians(經絡) through literature review about hair and alopecia. We compared Korean medicine with western medicine on physiology of hair and treatment of alopecia based on the study. Results & Conclusion : 1. Congenital essense(先天之精) is related with genetic factor and acquired essence(後天之精) is connected with nutritional factor. Defending function of Defense qi(衛氣) is related with immune reaction and qi stagnation(氣鬱) is associated with stress reaction. Atrophy of vascular tissues observed in alopecia scalp means deep relationship between blood(血) and alopecia, further deficiency of blood can cause telogen effluvium. 2. Kidney qi(腎氣) is related with inhibiting combination of Androgen receptor and Dihydrotestosterone(DHT) or activating hair growth factior. Pi(脾) is connected with alopecia seborrheica caused by damp-heat(濕熱) and alopecia areata caused by excessive prudence(思慮過度). Heart(心) is associated with atrophy in vascular tissue of scalp and liver(肝) is connected with metabolism. 3. Armpit hair and pubic hair as secondary sex characteristics are realated with Yangming Meridian(陽明經) and beard and hair at crown part where Type II $5{\alpha}$-reductase is activated much are associated with Taiyang Meridian(太陽經). 4. Juglandis Semen pharmacopuncture and Ganoderma lucidum pharmacopucture have better effects on inhibit $5{\alpha}$-reductase than Finasteride. Minoxidil and PRP are similar with promoting blood flow and removing stasis(活血祛瘀). Seven-star needling(七星針) is similar with microneedling. 5. Alopecia can be caused by due to lack of circulation Views we need solution to improve circulation coincide in opinion with Korean Medicine and Western medicine.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.37-40
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the first branch of the bladder meridian (FBBM) as determined by the proportional bone measurement method (PBMM), to the line formed by the erector spinae muscle group, and to establish an academic basis for selection of acupuncture points and needling. Methods: Sixty participants were divided into 3 groups based on body mass index (BMI) and into 2 groups based on waist/height ratios. The distance from the midline of the spine to the first branch of the bladder meridian with PBMM (DFBBM), and the distance from the midline of the spine to the most elevated fleshy region of the erector spinae (DMEFR), at the same level as the inferior border of the spinous processes of L1-L5, were measured. The DFBBM and the 5 DMEFRs were then analyzed according to BMI and the waist/height ratio. Results: DFBBM was statistically different from DMEFR in all back-shu points in the lumbar region. DFBBM was not significantly different from DMEFR in the groups with a high BMI or waist/height ratio. However, there was a statistical difference in the groups with a low or moderate BMI or low waist/height ratio. Conclusion: Since the location of the most elevated fleshy region of the erector spinae does not coincide with the location of the FBBM, the selection of back-shu points in the lumbar region must be performed precisely by PBMM.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Object : This study was planned to show the influences of MET(muscle energy techniques) treatment and acupuncture treatment on iliopsoas muscles of sprain and strain of lumbar spine patients. Method : This study was carried out on the 39 patients who had been treated for their sprain and strain of lumbar spine from March 2 to October 15, 2010 in the department of oriental rehabilitaion medicine, Dongsuwon oriental medicine hospital. And 22 out of 39 patients had a tenderness and pain in their iliopsoas muscles. And we divided those 22 patients into 2 groups by blocked randomization; group A took near acupuncture point needling treatment on the iliopsoas muscles, group B took MET(muscle energy techniques) treatment on the iliopsoas muscles. To evaluate the efficiency of each treatment, all patients were examined with VAS(visual analogue scale) before treatment and after the 3rd, 5th treatment. Result : On the VAS, it was decreased significantly after treatment in all groups. And it didn't show the clear difference between two groups. Conclusion : In this study, it did not show statistical difference in VAS between two groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.4 s.152
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• pp.507-518
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• 2006

This study aims to prove that traditional patchwork wrapping cloth can be a creative motive for modem fashion, and the application of it can be a way of expressing not only the pride in our cultural heritage but also the originality of fashion design. The analysis of the plasticity of 108 patchwork wrapping clothes has come up with the following findings: Firstly, the plane structure consists of 41 basic forms and 67 applied ones. Secondly, 61 contrast color harmony and 47 similarity color harmony. Thirdly, the fabric consists of 88 silk clothes, 19 ramie clothes, and 1 silk and ramie cloth. Fourthly, 47 unlined clothes and 61 lined ones. The study also expresses the analyzed plasticity of patchwork wrapping cloth for fashion with the following findings: Firstly, basic plane structures, contrast color harmony, silk cloth and the press flower coating technique become one piece dress to express splendid and elegant image. Secondly, application plane structures, similarity color harmony of natural dyeing method using persimmon, ramie cloth and the press flower coating and over lock technique become a jacket and a blouse to express calm and dynamic image. Thirdly, the needling and over lock technique used to patch clothes has become a desirable way to express fabric with unique surface effects. Fourthly, the press flower coating which modernizes embroidery in patchwork wrapping. cloth has become a new technique which can create high values with its extended the visual effects of the material. Fifthly, Patchwork wrapping cloth in Chosun Dynasty has now become a motive for modem fashion design to express tradition and creation.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.297-302
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• 2005

The present experiment was performed in order to know the anti-emetic effect of acupuncture, aquapuncture with metoclopramide and moxibustion on the xylazine induced emesis in dogs. The animals were devided into a control group (non-acupoint) and two experimental groups (BL-20 and LIV-13), respectively. Acupuncture, aquapuncture with metoclopramide (1 mg/kg) and moxibustion were applied to animals for 20 minutes before xylazine injection (2.2 mg/kg, IM). In acupuncture group, the emetic rates in BL-20 (16.7%) and LIV-13 (16.7%) were lower than that of control group (50%), respectively. In aquapuncture group, the emetic rates in BL-20 (16.7%) and LIV-13 (0.0%) were lower than that of control group (50%), respectively. In moxibustion group, the emetic rates in BL-20 (50%) and LIV-13 (16.7%) were lower than that of control group (83.3%), respectively. Considering above the findings collectively, it is considered that acupuncture, aquapuncture with metoclopramide and moxibustion at BL-20 and LIV-13 are effective and especially aquapuncture with metoclopramide at LIV-13 is the most effective treatment to prevent the emesis induced by xylazine among groups.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.155-163
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• 2001

It has known that acupuncture exerts various effects, such as analgesia, promotion of homeostasis, improvements in brain circulation, and rectification of internal disorders in Oriental medicine. Of particular, acupuncture at the Zusanli acupoint (ST36) has been widely used to relieve symptoms of diabetes mellitus. The effect of acupuncture at Zusanli on neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-positive neurons in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was investigated via immunohistochemistry. Decreased nNOS-positive neurons was detected in cerebrocortex of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Needling on the Zusanli in diabetic rats resulted in increase of nNOS-positive neurons in cerebrocortex, The present study indicate that acupuncture may affect nNOS-positive neurons in cerebrocortex of STZ-induced diabetic rats.