• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2003

The leaves of Mirabilis jalapa L contains protein fraction presumed ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP). RIP is a group of protein that has RNA N-glycosidase activity that is capable to inhibit protein synthesis. Protein fraction of the plant was shown to be cytotoxic on HeLa cell-line, however, the mechanism by which the protein kill the cells is not identified yet, whether trough apoptosis, necrosis, or other mechanism. This research aim to study the mechanism of cell death caused by the protein fraction isolated from the leaves of this plant on HeLa and Raji cell-line, as representative of different kind of cancer cells. Results showed that protein fraction isolated from the leaves of Mirabilis jalapa L was more cytotoxic to HeLa cell-line (LC50: 0.65 mg/ml) than to Raji cell-line (1.815 mg/ml) on 48 hours incubation time. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the death of HeLa cells caused by the protein fraction was due to induction of apoptosis, while on Raji cell-line was due to non-apoptosis way, presumably via necrosis.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.635-644
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• 1999

The effect of isoprothiolane(di-isopropyl-1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemalonate) aganist fat necrosis in Hanwoo(Korean Cattle) sire was evaluated. The 10 heads of Hanwoo sire suffering from fat necrosis were given 50mg/kg body weight of isoprothiolane(0.2g/kg of Fujix, Japan) orally once a day for 8 weeks. In 30% of these, the size of the necrotic fat masses had decreased significantly 7 months after the adminstration. Isoprothiolane did not affect on live body weight and semen characteristics. However the sire affected with fat necrosis had higher MCHC(Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) than normal sire in hematologic values 10 weeks after administration. Number of RBC(red blood cell) and PCV(packed cell volume) 10 weeks after administration had been increased than those before administration(p < 0.05). The serum concentrations of creatinine, triglyceride, and total cholesterol 10 weeks after administration were higher than those before administration while the concentration of glucose was vice versa. The isoprothiolane may reduce the oxidation of glucose, increase the glucose transfer to lipids, and increase blood supply to necrotic masses. These results indicate that isoprothiolane may be useful as the therapeutic agent aganist fat necrosis.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
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• pp.99-99
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• 2003

We studied the effect of Rubus croceacanthus Leveille (RCL) on mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions. RCL inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic shock. When RCL was given at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1 mg/$m\ell$, the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by compound 48/80 was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. RCL also inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl IgE. In addition, RCL inhibited phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and A23187-induced tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ secretion from human mast cell line HMC-1 cells. These results indicate that RCL may possess a strong anti-anaphylactic activity.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2005년도 춘계 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회
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• pp.51-82
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• 2005

To compare the pulmonary toxicity between ultrafine colloidal silica particles (UFCSs) and fine colloidal silica particles (FCSs), mice were intratracheally instilled with 3 mg of 14-nm UFCSs and 230-nm FCSs and pathologically examined from 30 mill to 24 hr post-exposure. Histopathologically, lungs exposed to both sizes of particles showed bronchiolar degeneration and necrosis, neutrophilic inflammation in alveoli with alveolar type II cell proliferation and particle-laden alveolar macrophage accumulation. UFCSs, however, induced extensive alveolar hemorrhage compared to FCSs from 30 min onwards. UFCSs also caused more severe bronchiolar epithelial cell necrosis and neutrophil influx in alveoli than FCSs at 12 and 24 hr post-exposure. Laminin positive immunolabellings in basement membranes of bronchioles and alveoli of UFCSs treated animals was weaker than those of FCSs treated animals in all observation times. Electron microscopy demonstrated UFCSs and FCSs on bronchiolar and alveolar wall surface as well as in the cytoplasm of alveolar epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages and neutrophils. Type I alveolar epithelial cell erosion with basement membrane damage in UFCSs treated animals was more severe than those in FCSs treated animals. At 12 and 24 hr post-exposure, bronchiolar epithelia cells in UFCSs treated animals showed more intense vacuolation and necrosis compared to FCSs treated animals. These findings suggest that UFCSs has greater ability to induce lung inflammation and tissue damages than FCSs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.629-636
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• 2019

Objective: The study was designed to determine the cytotoxic effect of gallic acid (GA), obtained by the hydrolysis of tannins, on mice TM4 Sertoli cells apoptosis. Methods: In the present study, non-tumorigenic mice TM4 Sertoli cells were treated with different concentrations of GA for 24 h. After treatment, cell viability was evaluated using WST-1, mitochondrial dysfunction, cells apoptosis and necrosis was detected using JC-1, Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide staining. The expression levels of Cyclin B1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), and Caspase-3 were also detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western-blotting. Results: The results showed that 20 to $400{\mu}M$ GA inhibited viability of TM4 Sertoli cells in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with $400{\mu}M$ GA significantly inhibited PCNA and Cyclin B1 expression, however up-regulated BAX and Caspase-3 expression, caused mitochondrial membrane depolarization, activated Caspase-3, and induced DNA damage, thus, markedly increased the numbers of dead cells. Conclusion: Our findings showed that GA could disrupt mitochondrial function and caused TM4 cells to undergo apoptosis and necrosis.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.137-148
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• 1992

간에 괴사성 병변을 일으키는 사염화탄소의 독작용이 phenobarbital로 전처치한 경우 형태학적으로 어떤 영향을 받는가를 관찰하기 위해 먼저 체중 kg당 사염화탄소 0.4mg의 용량을 olive유에 20%로 희석하여 쥐의 복강내에 주입하였다. 그 다음 PB 전처치에 의한 영향율 조사하기 위해 전처치후 동량의 사염화탄소를 주입하였고 각각 투여후 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 120 시간에 간조직을 적출하여 형태학적으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 광학현미경하에서 사염화탄소 단독 투여시 6시간부터 소엽 중심부에 괴사성 병변이 나타나기 시작하여 48시간에 가장 심하였고, 72시간에는 회복되는 양상을 보였다. 괴사에 더하여 지방 변성, 수포성 변화가 심하게 동반되었다. PB 전처치시 6시간부터 괴사가 나타나기 시작하여 72시간까지 지속되었으며 그 정도도 더 심해졌다. 지방변성은 사염화탄소 단독투여군보다 더 심해졌고 수포성 변화는 감소되었다. 전자 현미경하에서 사염화탄소 단독 투여시 초기의 주된 변화는 내형질막의 덩어리 형성과 수포성 팽창이었고 PB 전처치시 이러한 내형질막의 변성 변화는 더 심하게 나타났으며 초기부터 사립체의 심한 변화를 동반하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 사염화탄소의 간 독작용은 먼저 내형질막의 손상으로 시작하여, 이차적으로 다른 소기관에 손상이 수반되고 세포괴사가 나타나며, 이는 PB 전처치에 의해 악화됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2009

Cell death induced by menadione (vitamin K-3,2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) has been investigated in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Menadione was found to induce both apoptosis and necrosis in HL-60 cells. Low concentration ($1{\sim}$50 ${\mu}$M) of menadione induced apoptotic cell death, which was demonstrated by typical DNA ladder patterns on agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry analysis. In contrast, a high concentration of menadione (100 ${\mu}$M) induced necrotic cell death, which was demonstrated by DNA smear pattern in agarose gel electrophoresis. Necrotic cell death was accompanied with a great reduction of cell viability. Menadione activated caspase-3, as evidenced by both increased protease activity and proteolytic cleavage of 116 kDa poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) into 85 kDa cleavage product. Caspase-3 activity was maximum at 50 ${\mu}$M of menadione, and very low at 100 ${\mu}$M of menadione. Taken together, our results showed that menadione induced mixed types of cell death, apoptosis at low concentrations and necrosis at high concentrations in HL-60 cells.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 1997

The term of apoptosis, programmed cell death, was firstly coined to distinguish with necrosis, pathologic cell death, by Kerr in 1972. Although various pathogenic factors are able to occur apoptosis, ti is essential process for normal development and physiology in the animals. Recently in the field of medicine, apoptosis researeh is especially focused in serveral Kind of pathopoiesis problems including cancer, immunodeficiency associated HIV and other virus, autommunity, alzheimer and congenital anormality. The information obtained from the animal model system for apoptosis should be directly applicable to both life science for understanding of development and medicine for practical the rapy. To know the common mechanism of apoptosis, it is prerequisite that the genes and factors responsible for apoptosis should be defined and characterized on the molecular level. The study of apoptosis should contribute largely to biology inculuding cell physiology and development, and both basic and clinical medicine to understand cause of diseases for therapy as well as congenital defect.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1074-1078
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• 2008

To investigate the antiviral activity of marine algae against fish pathogenic viruses, which are often the causes of viral disease in aquaculture, the 80% methanolic extracts of 21 species collected from the coast of Korea were screened for their in vitro antiviral activities on infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), using a flounder spleen (FSP) cell-line. Among them, Monostroma nitidum (10 ${\mu}g/mL$) exhibited the strongest inactivation on IHNV, showing a 2 log reduced virus titre as compared to the control in the determination of direct virucidal activity. In addition, Polysiphonia morrowii (100 ${\mu}g/mL$) remarkably reduced the virus titres of treated cells by 2-2.5 log, for both IHNV and IPNV, in the determination of cellular protective activity, implying the existence of substances that may modulate innate host defense mechanisms against viral infections. These results reveal that some marine algae could be promising candidates as sources of antiviral agents or as health-promoting feeds for aquaculture.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.51-54
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• 2012

With the gradual increase of cases using fillers, cases of patients treated by non-medical professionals or inexperienced physicians resulting in complications are also increasing. We herein report 2 patients who experienced acute complications after receiving filler injections and were successfully treated with adipose-derived stem cell (ADSCs) therapy. Case 1 was a 23-year-old female patient who received a filler (Restylane) injection in her forehead, glabella, and nose by a non-medical professional. The day after her injection, inflammation was observed with a $3{\times}3cm$ skin necrosis. Case 2 was a 30-year-old woman who received a filler injection of hyaluronic acid gel (Juvederm) on her nasal dorsum and tip at a private clinic. She developed erythema and swelling in the filler-injected area A solution containing ADSCs harvested from each patient's abdominal subcutaneous tissue was injected into the lesion at the subcutaneous and dermis levels. The wounds healed without additional treatment. With continuous follow-up, both patients experienced only fine linear scars 6 months postoperatively. By using adipose-derived stem cells, we successfully treated the acute complications of skin necrosis after the filler injection, resulting in much less scarring, and more satisfactory results were achieved not only in wound healing, but also in esthetics.