• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.282-288
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neck node metastasis pattern and related clinical factors in oral cavity cancer patients. Materials and Methods: In total, 76 patients (47 males, 29 females) with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who had no previous malignancies and were not undergoing neoadjuvant concomitant chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy were selected for analysis. Results: Occult metastases were found in 8 of 52 patients with clinically negative nodes (cN0, 15.4%). Neck node metastases were found in 17 patients (22.4%). There was a statistically significant relationship between neck node metastasis and T stage (P=0.014) and between neck node metastasis and distant metastasis (Fisher's exact test, P=0.019). Conclusion: Neck node metastasis was significantly related to tumor size and distant metastasis during follow-up.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 2001

It is well established that cervical lymph node metastasis is the base of clinical study on head and neck cancer. But few studies have been reported on lymph node metastasis of head and neck cancer in Korea. We consider it essential that studies on cervical lymph node metastases are conducted on pathologically proven database. Therefore, We must have database and consitent system for documentation and data collection of neck dissection specimen for prospective and retrospective study. Herein, We suggest several points from our experiences performing the proper data collection and documentation of neck dissection specimen.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.8
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• pp.594-606
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• 2010

Lymph node status is the single most important prognostic factor in oral cancer because lymph node involvement decreases overall survival by 50%. Appropriate management of the regional lymphatics, therefore, plays a central role in the treatment of the oral cancer patients. The purposes of this article are to present the history of neck dissections, including current neck dissection classification, describe the technique of the most common neck dissection applicable to oral cavity cancers, and discuss some of the complications associated with neck dissection. Finally, a brief review of elective neck dissection and sentinel lymph node biopsy will be presented. It is necessary that dentists have to be interested in oral cancer and these interest will make it possible to prevent oral cancer, detect it earlier and also improve the prognosis, survival and the quality of life of survivors.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

Papillary thyroid carcinoma has a good prognosis, but the frequency of locoregional lymph node metastasis is high and is known to occur stepwise fashion. Prophylactic central node dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma is widely performed from the past. But, the pros and cons of the prophylactic central node dissection has been ongoing for a long time. In the American Thyroid Association management guideline for thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer, which is the most widely used, recommendations about prophylactic central node dissection has been changed in past ten years. In recent systematic review and meta-analysis, prophylactic central node dissection increases the rate of transient hypocalcemia and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, but there is no difference in the frequency of permanent hypocalcemia or recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Prophylactic central node dissection has not been shown to improve patient survival, but recurrence has been reported to decrease. According to a questionnaire survey of the members of Korean Scociety of Thyroid-Head and Neck Surgery, Korean doctors tend to perform the prophylactic central node dissection more aggressively than other countries. The reason for this is that Korea has a large number of thyroid surgeries and therefore surgeons are more experienced than other countries.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.37-40
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• 2013

Background and Objectives : To assess the usefulness of computed tomography image before papillary thyroid cancer surgery, focus on confirmation of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis not detected by ultrasonography. Material and Methods : From January 2008 to May 2009, total 150 patients who had undergone thyroid surgery and been confirmed papillary thyroid cancer pathologically were enrolled. They had taken neck computed tomography following the ultrasonography. Results : Computed tomography had found suspicious metastatic lateral neck lesion in 13 patients. After the image study, lateral neck lymph node dissection had been included in their surgical plan. Of these, only 7 cases were confirmed pathologically lateral neck lymph node metastasis(positive predictive value=0.54). Taken as whole 150 patients, additionally 4.7% of patients confirmed lateral neck lymph node metastasis by preoperative computed tomography. Conclusion : If preoperative ultrasonography was performed precisely, additional benefits that could be achieved by computed tomography were not much.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.163-167
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• 2009

Sinonasal malignant tumors comprise less than 1% of all cancers and 3% of all malignant tumors of the head and neck, which explains a lack of large series addressing the clinical characteristics and management of these tumors. Neck node metastasis occurs in only about 7% to 15% of malignant tumors compared with other head and neck cancers. A 90-yr-old woman presented with left palpable neck mass and right nasal mass occupying nasal cavity. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of left neck mass results in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma(SCC). PET/CT shows intense FDG uptake in right nasal cavity with bone invasion. Histopathologic examination of excised lesion in the right nasal cavity revealed SCC. We report here on a primary sinonasal SCC with contralateral lymph node metastasis.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2004

Objectives: Cancer lethality is usually the result of local invasion and metastasis of neoplastic cell from the primary tumor. Because of their ability to degrade extracellular matrix components, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) have been implicated in the breakdown of basement membrane and underlying stroma, thereby facilitating tumor growth and invasion. It has been well established that MMPs and bFGF expression correlate with cervical lymph node metastasis, but studies on expression in the metastatic cervical lymph node itself are not enough. We have analyzed matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and metastatic cervical lymph node, and evaluated their relationship and clinicophathologic significance. Material and Methods: 20 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were entered on the study of immunohistochemical stains for MMP-9 and bFGF in the obtained tissue from primary tumor and metastatic cervical lymph node. We analyzed the relationship between MMP-9, bFGF expression of the primary tumor and metastatic node with age, sex, T-stage, N-stage, histologic grade, pathologic stage and disease free survival. Results: Expression of MMP-9 and bFGF in cancer cell and metastatic lymph node was higher than that in normal cell and lymph node. According to histologic differentiation, expression of MMP-9 of the metastatic cervical lymph node was higher than primary tumor. Considering to other clinicopathologic factor, no statistical significance was seen in MMP-9 and bFGF. Conclusion: We found that expression of MMP-9 is higher in the metastatic lymph node than primary tumor in the poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. But we don't find out the statistical significance in relation between bFGF and clinical factors. So we guess that some different mechanism of MMP-9 and bFGF in Head & Neck squamous cell carcinoma exist. Further studies will be necessary to establish their pathogenesis in the Head and Neck cancer.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.86-90
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• 2015

Cystic lymph node metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) which presumed to be mainly originated from oropharynx including Waldeyer's ring may present as a benign cystic mass on lateral neck such as branchial cleft cyst. Branchial cleft cyst is one of the most common lateral neck cystic mass which may result in regional infection or lymph adenopathy. Many of previously reported literatures showed the incidence of cystic lymph node metastasis from oropharynx including Waldeyer's ring. Preoperative imaging studies and fine needle aspiration cytology cannot provide the accurate results until excision of cystic mass for the diagnostic or therapeutic purpose. Recently, we experienced the rare case of cystic lymph node metastasis from ipsilateral tonsil, which mimicked infected 2nd branchial cleft cyst. Thus, we reported our experience with presentation of case and review of literatures.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.35-39
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• 2016

Castleman's disease (CD) is an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder. The disease entity is classified into 2 clinical subtypes, unicentric and multicentric type. Prevalence of lymphoid malignancy in multicentric CD (MCD) is very low. In this case, we report a case of 77 years old woman who developed high fever and swelling in both side of her neck. Neck lymph node biopsy revealed plasma cell hyperplasia. Patient's symptom was subsided after treatment with Dexamethasone. Three months later, multiple lymph node enlargement was developed in abdomen and neck area again. Repeated neck lymph node biopsy confirmed diffuse large B cell lymphoma. The patient started chemotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 1999

Objectives: The records of 936 patients with previously untreated carcinoma of the head and neck were reviewed in order to define the incidence and topographical distribution of neck node metastasis on admission. Materials and Methods: The common regions of metastasis are presented for each of the 12th individual head and neck sites selected for study. Results and Conclusion: Knowledge of the preferred areas of spread and those that are almost never involved allows the design of more adequate radiation therapy plans to manage the individual tumors.