• 한국의류학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.689-698
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to develop the well-fitted brassieres by observing the changes in the breast sizes and shapes, the surface area and the volume of the breast through the arm movements of 3 types (0$^{\circ}$, 90$^{\circ}$ and 180$^{\circ}$) in vertical motion. The subjects are females, who are aged twenties and wearing a brassiere size 70B, In particular, to obtain the measures regarding the surface area and the volume of the breast, replicas are made at each motion. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The changes in the breast sizes and shapes at each motion By increasing the motions of the arm movement, the following measure items are inclined to decrease: Shoulder length, Side neck point~B.P., Front neck point~B.P., Horizontal length of the cup, Upper bust circumference, Bust circumference, Upper bust depth, Bust depth, Under bust depth, Nipple to tipple breadth, Horizontal distance of bust, Bust height, Cup size. By increasing the motions of the arm movement, the following measure items are inclined to increase: Center point of shoulder~B.P., Shoulder point~B.P., Armpit~ lowest point of breast drooping, Upper bust point~B.P., B.P~Under bust point, Under bust line, Width of gap between breast, Vertical distance of Bust. 2. The changes in the surface area and volume of breast at each motion By making the replica to observe changes in the surface area, which are sectioned to 4 parts(area 1 to area 4) , and volume of breast at each motion, the results are as follows: At 0$^{\circ}$ and 90$^{\circ}$, the sizes of each part are ordered as the following: area2> areal> area4> area3. At 180$^{\circ}$, the sizes of each part are ordered as the following: areal> area2> area4> area3. Through these orders, it is found that the upper and inside part of the breast has the inclination to increase so long as the motions of the arm movement increase. Also, the total surface area increases so long as the motions of the arm movement increase. The volume of the breast increase when the surface area of the breast increases. As a result of the F-test on the changes in the each surface areas, the surface area and volume by arm movements, the significant differences among the each surface areas and the surface area are not found.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.963-970
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop torso pattern of underweight female in their 20s~30s by using Clo 3D virtual garment simulation system. The results were as follows; first, as a result of analyzing torso somatotype, underweight women showed lower average than average values of whole women in their twenties and thirties in the items such as length, width, circumference, thickness except for height. Second, by using 3D virtual garment simulation, new torso pattern considered underweight female was development. The basic numerical formula were as follows ; bust girth B/2+3.5, armhole depth B/4+0.5, front waist girth W/4+0.5+0.7, back waist girth W/4+0.5-0.7, front hip girth H/4+1+0.5, back hip girth H/4+1-0.5, chest width B/6+3.1, back width B/6+4.5, neck width B/12+0.2 and neck depth B/12+1.7. Third, by reducing hollowed amount of front, back, and side line, and hollowed amount of back center line, the reduced quantity was included to darts amount. Number of dart was adjusted to two pieces so that darts amount was equally distributed to two darts. Forth, according to the results of the new torso pattern's appearance evaluation, it estimated more highly than existing pattern in silhouette and ease amount, confirming that new torso pattern was appropriate for the underweight women. This study is expected to serve as one of important basic data for ensuing studies that may utilize 3D virtual garment simulation system with 2D patterns, and also for future 3D pattern production program development.

• 복식
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.20-35
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate war helmets that were worn by high navy officers during the period of Japanese Invasion of Korea(1592~1598). War helmets worn during the War are classified into three types depending on whether they have a visor or 'cheom' and tongues or 'drim'. The war helmets of circumferential type has neither cheom nor drim. Those of cheom type has cheom, but not drim. And those of drim type has both drim and cheom or jeonbi. The war helmets of cheom type consist of a gamtu which is made of steel and looks like a reversed bowl and cheom that surrounds the entire circumference of gamtu. The war helmets of drim type are reclassified into two types in accordance with the shape of the gamtu and whether they have ganju. Of the two types, one type looks like a reversed bowl and has decorations on the top without ganju. The other type looks like a bottle neck and has ganju on the top, decorations above ganju. War helmets were in transition during the period of Japanese Invasion of Korea. Both the war helmets of cheom and drim types were worn during the War. At that time, the officers also wore war helmets having no ganju and looking like a reversed bowl and those having ganju and looking like a bottle neck. During the period, most war helmets were made of steel, but in the 18th and 19th centuries, most of them were made of leather.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.82-92
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• 2015

This study classified the types of adult male shoulders through criteria which represent the characteristic of male shoulders important to jacket patterns. We selected 39 measurement items to provide information about Size Korea (2010) 3D bodice measurements. Collected data were processed with SPSS 20 for windows. Participants in the study were 1055 adult males, aged 20-60 divided into three age groups of 20-30, 40-50 and 60. Statistical tests (such as descriptive analysis and F-test) analyzed the data and ascertained the differences in ages. In a factor analysis and cluster analysis were conducted for the classification of shoulder type's adult males. The factor analysis indicates 6 factors with 82.4% of total variance. The shoulder types for adult male were divided into 3 groups, flat shoulder (14.1%), normal shoulder (72%), and slope shoulder (13.8%). A total of 19.9% of 20-30 was included in the slope shoulder type, 15.8% of 40-50 was included in the flat shoulder type and 16.1% of 60 was included in the flat shoulder type. This study classified the type of male shoulder through criteria that represent the characteristics of elderly male shoulder to neck base circumference, shoulder angle and shoulder type. The follow-up study will proceed with elderly male neck and various measurement items around the shoulder.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.506-510
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• 1985

충무, 남해, 기장 등지에서 사용하고 있는 멸치 자망어구에 대한 조사를 근거로 망목이 23.1mm, 21.6mm, 20.0mm인 세 가지 망지로서 성형률이 각각 0.65 및 0.55가 되도록 각 1폭씩, 6폭짜리 시험어구를 제작하고, 울산 근해에서 부산-404호(160ps, 800ps)로서 시험조업(1983년 7월 28일)한 어획결과를 가지고서 Ishida(1962)의 방법으로 망목선택성을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 어획미수 161마리 중 $90\%$이상(148마리)이 경주부위에서 이망되었 다. 2. 경주 $C_n(cm)$와 체장 L(cm)와의 관계는 L=1.5 $C_n+4.1$로 표시할 수 있고 이때의 상관계수는 0.7로 나타났다. 3. 체장 L(cm)과 적정망목 M(cm)와의 관계는 L=4.8M으로 나타낼 수 있다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.71-89
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to design posture braces for rounded shoulders by examining characteristics of incorrect postures of rounded shoulders. The review of information in literature on rounded shoulder postures, correction exercise methods, and posture correction devices, has prompted this study to determine the design and material of a proper posture brace for rounded shoulders. In order to develop the pattern of a posture brace for rounded shoulders for women, the study carried out a comfort evaluation of the braces based on the 2D patterns through drafting method by utilizing the body measurements and relational formulae associated with the major body measurement such as bust circumference and on the 3D patterns of the brace which were obtained from 3D human model of women in their early 20s in Korea. Differences in angles were noted when 2D and 3D patterns of shoulder posture braces were compared. The side neck point was relocated farther outside in the 3D pattern to allow additional flexibility in the back-neck area, and the shoulder band was lowered by 14.8°, increasing armhole area comfort. The upper hemline of the front panel was found to rotate upward at an angle of 22.0° as the underarm point of the 3D pattern moved upwards than the underarm point of the 2D pattern, which enhanced comfort in the abdomen area. The 3D designs of shoulder posture brace was preferred in this study, as they significantly improved comfort while conducting fit evaluation compared to the 2D patterns of shoulder posture brace.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2013

The demand to complement the elderly body shape with comfortable clothing has greatly increased with the growing elderly population and their improved social-economic level. However, apparel industries have not provided significant production and sale strategies that reflect and consider elderly body shape characteristics. This study investigated the demand and complaints of current silver wear. This study was conducted on 100 elderly people 65 and over. The questionnaires were composed of Korean Activities of Daily Living (K-ADL) that reflect the general characteristics of the respondents related to clothing (clothing requirements and demands) and free comments on each question. Subsequently, we found that the most uncomfortable clothing parts were 'sleeve length' and 'crotch' in women and 'neck circumference' and 'pocket' in men when wearing shirts and pants respectively. Respondents felt that the button and zipper knob sizes were too small with the buttons too numerous. The results suggest that we should consider body shape changes caused by aging in order to develop elderly clothing patterns to improve the level of ADL. We anticipate apparel industries for the elderly to expand due to the rapid increase in the elderly population.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.617-627
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• 2010

This study selected and compared 7 tailored collar making factors from 15 clothing construction university textbooks. According to the results, in 15 clothing construction textbooks, the neckline of a tailored collar was drawn at the same length as the back neck circumference of the bodice and the length of collar stand was 3cm in 10 textbooks. In addition, the length of the collar laying varied between 2cm and 4.5cm regardless of the width of the upper collar or the textile thickness. In 7 out of the 15 textbooks, the gorge line of the collar was drawn by illustrating the collar pattern on the bodice based on the roll line and then copying it symmetrically. On the other hand, the pattern of upper collar was made in 5 ways; and 2 books did not give any explanation in the sections dealing with patterns or sewing. In addition, 6 textbooks explained that inner and outer collars are sewn with a difference. The lapel pattern of the facing part was made in 4 ways; in addition, 3 textbooks did not provide an explanation and 4 books explained that the difference is given in the sewing. The textile thickness and elasticity need to be considered in collar pattern making; however, they were not specifically mentioned in most of the textbooks.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.614-620
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• 2009

This study surveyed Koreans' as well as foreigners' satisfaction about the size and appropriateness of size label for souvenir T-shirts currently selling in domestic and overseas countries. Questionnaire survey was conducted to 205 Koreans who located in overseas and foreigners who located in Korea. The questionnaire was composed with T-shirts purchasing, difficulties in size selection, and satisfaction of fitness and prepared in Korean and english version. The survey revealed that the most dissatisfaction with the size of souvenir T-shirts concerned difficulty in finding appropriate sizes due to discrepancy between size systems different among countries and actual T-shirt size. Particularly, the participants showed relatively low degree of satisfaction with the area of shoulders and necks. When the size satisfaction was compared across countries, there were significant differences in shoulder width, shoulder length, and neck circumference. The satisfaction with shoulder width was also different depending on gender. Female participants' satisfaction was significantly lower than that of male participants.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to suggest data available for being conducive to establishing a marketing strategy such as size of domestic clothing in global brand and producing a product of increasing consumers' satisfaction with the fit based on this research. A total of 177 questionnaires obtained from South Koreans in their 20s~50s who dwell in the state of North Carolina in America. The results follow; first, what there is significant difference in clothing purchase behavior of Koreans living according to income, duration of residence. Second, the reason for preferring Korean clothing according to educational level was the highest in the ratio of the response as saying of being 'size' with a decrease in the item of 'design'. This was because the higher in age and educational level leads to the more rise in importance of size according to a change in body type. Third, the outcome of evaluation on the fit by body part in American clothing was the largest in the response as saying of being 'similar' in the items of chest, waist, neck, arm, wrist circumference and crotch length.