• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2000

Manual material handling(MMH)is major factor which causing physical injuries of worker at working area and frequency of low back pain(LBP) is increasing industrial accidents. Especially, working in bad circumstance such as farm, orchard, harbor loading and unloading, logging place and mining place which located in inclined slope can cause much possibility of hazard and absence of working balance can cause injuries of musculoskeletal system such as joint, bone, ligament. So, this study used EMG system to measure and evaluate muscle force information and fatigue of worker when lifting on slope. The result of measuring averaged integrated EMG(AEMG) shows multifidus muscle be used more than anything else in force. neck extensors are used at 15°, 20°frequently. generally the AEMG result shows multifidus muscle be used in force. Commonly, muscle fatigue of multifidus is higher than other muscle by analysis mean power frequency(MPF). The result of load sharing rate shows multifidus and erectorspinae which are deep spinal muscles is relatively high and neck extensor is low.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.379-383
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• 2018

Septoplasty/septorhinoplasty is a common ear, nose and throat procedure offered for those patients with deviated septum who are suffering from nasal obstruction and functional or cosmetic problems. Although it is a basic and simple procedure, it could lead to catastrophic complications including major skull base injuries which result in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. We describe two different cases of traumatic CSF leaks following septoplasty/septorhinoplasty at two different sites. The first patient suffered a CSF leak following septoplasty and presented to Alexandria University Hospital. The leak was still active at presentation and identified as coming from a defect in the roof of the sphenoid sinus and was repaired surgically. The second patient presented 4 days after her cosmetic septorhinoplasty with a CSF leak and significant pneumocephalus. She was managed conservatively. Understanding the anatomical variations of the paranasal sinuses and implementing proper surgical techniques are crucial in preventing intracranial complications when performing either septoplasty or septorhinoplasty. A good quality computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses is a valuable investigation to avoid major complications especially CSF leaks following either procedure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.837-846
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to suggest a standard of guidance for testing the performance and safety of motorcycle jacket with built-in airbag. The method of testing were as follows: The effects of the motorcycle jacket with built-in airbag are experimentaly investigated according to neck injury of FMVSS 208. The experiment consists of the crash simulation test by shield and the impact test. The head and neck injuries are evaluated based on industrial standards. Also, the displacements of the head and neck and chest are observed by film analysis. Using the results of the crash simulation test, neck injury$(N_ij)$ is discussed and the peak chest deflection of the results of the impact test, chest injury is pursued. Neck injury$(N_ij)$ of the result of the crash test show that the chance of a serious wound is $18\%$ if rider wear the R&D motorcycle jacket with built-in airbag(Type A). Chest injury is expected by peak chest deflection of the result of the impact test. The result of the peak chest deflection show that the reduction effect in chest injury of Type A motorcycle jacket is $10.3\%$.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.67-75
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• 2011

A new energy absorbing mechanism for car seat was developed to reduce the neck injury in rear impacts. Energy absorbing principle is based on the shear-bolt behavior of thin-walled cast components subjected to static and dynamic loads. Results of shear bolt test using AM60 of Mg alloys showed robust behavior giving an approximately constant mean force during failure processes. Simply designed energy absorbing mechanism was assembled with the recliner between seat backs and seat rails. We have simulated the sled test of seat with dummy under the rear end impact using the finite element method. Results of simulation show that the new seat mechanism reduces thorax acceleration to a considerable extent, but it is not sufficient to mitigate neck injury indices e.g. neck shear force, neck tension force and NIC. With heightened headrest and narrowed backset, the energy absorbing mechanism resulted in good performance of protecting the neck injuries.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.165-168
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• 2008

Purpose: The dog bite injury is expected to increase as westernizing lifestyle and the number of pet raisers increase. The bite injuries may cause serious sequelae. The purpose of this study is to contributes to establish a suitable management and treatment principle for domestic situation with a clinical analysis data of the dog bite injuries. Methods: We reviewed the hospital records of 76 patients with dog bite injuries who were treated in the emergency unit or out patient department of our hospital from January 2000 to May 2006. Results: The majority of patients were children less than 10 years of age, 21 case(27.6%). Injuries occurred most often in May and 14 patients(18.4%) were bitten by the kinds of Cockerspaniel. By Lackmann's classification, 36 patients(47.4%) had Stage I injuries, 27 patients (35.5%) Stage II, 11 patients(14.5%) Stage III and 2 patients(2.6%) Stage IVa. The most frequent injury site was the head and neck area with 55 cases(72.4%). Also, 58 cases(76.3%) were received the initial treatment within 30 minutes after being bitten and the most of case except emergency operation repaired within 3 days.Conclusion: The dog bite injuries increased by more than 20% every year over the study period and it says that it may continue to increase more in the future. However, There are little report or literature for suitable management and treatment principle for domestic situation. The authors think this clinical analysis data and treatment experience can be useful for establishing a suitable treatment principle for domestic situation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.661-670
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of sports injury and trend of incidence pattern of national judo athletes. The research method was analyzed based on the records of all injuries experienced by national judo athletes during training and competition for 9 years from 2008 to 2016. A total of 20,345 sports injuries requiring physical therapy were 10,768 (52.93%) for women, 9,577 (47.07%) for men, lower extremities 9,688 (47.62%), upper limbs 5,807 (28.54%), and trunk 4,850 (23.84%) and knee-related injuries (27.82%) occur more frequently than other injuries. Shoulders, feet and back were more frequent in male athletes, and ankle, neck and hand injuries were more common in female athletes. Using the binomial trend line, the trend of the decrease of sports injuries in each area was shown. However, infrequent injuries such as hands and hips tend to increase gradually. The results of this study are expected to be used as a training program for judo athletes' sports injury and basic data.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.60-63
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• 2003

Gunshot injuries can range from the most minor to the life-threatening. Multidisciplinary care is required for successful management of patients, In the acute phase, care may involve emergency surgeons, anaesthesists, neurosurgeons, ophthalmic surgeons, vascular surgeons, ENT specialist in addition to the oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Afterwards, definitive treatment of facial gunshot injuries depends ultimately on the abilities and skills of the oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and their appreciation of such injuries. The timing and sequence of the surgical procedures used for reconstruction and rehabilitation of maxillofacial gunshot injuries are crucial to a successful outcome and aesthetic result. If incorrect, they may lead indefinitely to infection, graft rejection, wound dehiscence with consequent multiple revisional operations and complication which will prolong hospital stay and increase treatment costs and morbidity on those patients. We present a gunshot case of a 46-year-old man who tried to commit sucide, and have avulsive and penerating wounds on the face and the neck. We removed the scattered bullets and fragments successfully and the wounds were closed primarily.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.168-171
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• 2019

The treatment outcome remains poor of severe facial injuries because of the high risk of compromised airway or massive bleeding. We experienced two successful treatment cases of severe facial injury by the chainsaw. A 52-year-male had his face injured by the chainsaw during his work. He was transferred to the Level I trauma center using the Doctor-Helicopter. During his flight, bleeding control was tried and the information was given to the trauma surgeons before his arrival. His consciousness was alert and the vital signs were stable. The crushing wound, mandible open fracture, deep laceration of tongue, lip, neck and arterial bleeding were noted around his mandible. Nasotracheal intubation was performed under the bronchoscope-guided. Emergency operation (open reduction & internal fixation, primary repair with neurorrhaphy) was performed. At 30 hospital days, he was discharged with facial palsy on left mandibular area. A 30-year-male had his face injured by the chainsaw. He was transferred to our Level I trauma center from the local hospital. The deep-mutiple lacerations on right upper eyelid and forehead with the bony exposure were noted. The vital signs were stable and emergency operation was performed. He was discharged at 20 hospital days. Bone loss or tissue loss were not devastating than we expected even though the injury was occurred by the chainsaw. Aggressive treatment including airway manipulation or bleeding control and maximal opportunity of therapy are absolutely needed.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.7-19
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between injury and injury severity score (ISS) in geriatric traffic accident patients transported by 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs). Methods: The subjects were 240 traffic accident patients over 65 years old transported by 119 rescue services emergency departments in Busan from January 1, 2014 to August 31, 2015. Results: ISS increased in motorcycle traffic accidents (p=.026), truck injuries (p=.005), and head and neck injury (p<.001). Vital signs were evaluated by 119 rescue EMT. ISS increased in cases of unresponsive unconsciousness (p<.001), hypotension (p=.001), and bradycardia (p<.001). The need for bleeding control and dressing by the EMTs increased ISS significantly (p=.022). Conclusion: In the initial evaluation of geriatric traffic patients, ISS can increase in motor cycle accidents and truck injuries. Due to high ISS, patients with head and neck injury, chest injury, hypotension, or tachycardia should be transferred to advanced level hospitals.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.54-61
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• 2013

Although typically classified as AIS 1, whiplash injuries continue to represent a substantial social problem with associated costs estimated at over $1 billion annually. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effects of seat positions(seatback angle, headrest height) on risk for whiplash injury in very low speed(${\Delta}V$=4~10km/h) rear-end impact. To accomplish this, rear impact seat carriage tests and simulations were conducted using the BioRID-II dummy seated in a mass production seat, which allowed for the adjustment of seatback angle and headrest height. Neck injury criteria(NIC, Nkm) were then compared for different ${\Delta}V$ and seat positions.