• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.393-398
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• 1998

The loss of ascorbic acid in dried red pepper leaves prepare with different drying methods of air-, oven-, microwave oven-, and vacuum drying with blanching or without was determined by a HPLC method. Vacuum drying showed the least loss of ascorbic acid than the other drying methods. Additionally, the feasibility of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS) to determine the contents of ascorbic acid in the red pepper leaves was studied. NIRS was found to be an efficient way of determining ascorbic acid contents in red pepper leaves, requiring only 30 seconds of an analytical time.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.340-343
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• 2002

삼지구엽초에 함유되어 있는 icariin 함량을 신속하게 추정하기 위하여 NIRS(근적외선 분광분석기)를 이용한 분석 방법을 검토하였다. HPLC를 이용하여 분석된 삼지구엽초 유전자원 150계통에 대한 이카린 함량치를 NIRS 스펙트럼에 적용시켜 42개의 calibration set 와 26개의 valilion set를 구분하였다. NIRS의 검량식을 몇가지 방법에 의하여 비교분석한 결과 2차미분된 스텍트럼을 MPLS(Modified Partial Least Squares)를 이용한 회귀식에 이용하는 것이 가장 적합하였다. HPLC를 이용한 유전자원들의 이카린 함량은 평균 $0.424%(0.12{\sim}0.67%)$이었으며, NIRS에서 도출된 검량식과의 상관계수는 0.951을 나타내었다. 따라서 삼지구엽초의 이카린 함량은 NIRS를 이용하여 신속 편리하게 분석할 수 있음이 인정되었다.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.4111-4111
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• 2001

When a drug is prepared in a tablet, the active component represents only a small portion of the dosage form. The other components of the formulation include materials to assist in the dissolution, antioxidants, coloring agents and bulk fillers. The tablets are tested using approved testing methods usually involving separation and subsequent quantification of the active component. Tablets may also be tested by near-Infrared Reflectance spectrometry (NIRS). In the present study, based on NIRS and multivariate calibration methods, a novel and precise method is developed for direct determination of ascorbic acid in vitamin C tablet. Two different tablet formulations were powdered in three different sizes, 63-125 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$, and examined. Spectral region of 4750-4950 $cm^{-1}$ / was used and optimized for quantitative operations. Partial least squares (PLS) and multiple linear regression (MLR) methods were performed for this spectral region. The results of optimized PLS and MLR methods showed that reproducibility increase with decreasing grain size and standard error of calibration (SEP) of less than 1% w/w of ascorbic acid and a correlation coefficient of 0.998 can be achieved. The PLS method showed better results than MLR. Seven overdose and underdose samples (prepared in the laboratory to match marketed products) were tested by proposed and iodometric standard methods. A correlation between NIRS predicted ascorbic acid values and iodomet.ic values was calculated ($R^2$=0.9950). Finally, the direct analysis of individual intact tablets in their unit-dose packages (Blistering in aluminum and PVC foils) obtained from market were also carried out and a correlation coefficient of 0.9989 and SEP of 0.931% w/w of ascorbic acid were achieved.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2022

본 연구는 참깨에 함유된 세사민 및 세사몰린의 함량을 비파괴적으로 신속하게 평가하기 위하여 NIRS 분석을 이용해 검량식을 작성하고 검량식의 적용가능성을 검증하였다. 검량식 작성에 사용된 482점 참깨의 HPLC 분석 결과를 NIRS 스펙트럼에 적용시킨 후 검량식을 작성하였다. 세사민 및 세사몰린의 R² 값은 각각 0.936, 0.875로 조사되었으며 이를 cross validation 한 결과에서도 각각 0.899, 0.781로 조사되어 리그난 함량 분석에 적용 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 작성된 검량식의 적용가능성을 확인하기 위해 2020년에 생산된 참깨 유전자원 90종의 종자를 NIRS를 통해 분석한 결과 세사민 및 세사몰린의 R²값이 각각 0.653, 0.596으로 크게 낮아졌으나 리그난 함량이 높은 상위 30%의 자원을 선발하는데 무리가 없었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 작성된 NIRS 검량식은 육종 초기에 고리그난 함량을 선발하는데 적용 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.3112-3112
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• 2001

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) was investigated aiming at the identification of falsified drugs. The identification is based on comparison of the NIR spectrum of a sample with a typical spectra of an authentic drug using multivariate modelling and classification algorithms (PCA/SIMCA). Two spectrophotometers (Brimrose - Luminar 2000 and 2030), based on acoustic-optical filter (AOTF) technology, sharing the same controlling computer, software (Brimrose - Snap 2.03) and the data acquisition electronics, were employed. The Luminar 2000 scans the range 850 1800 nm and was employed for transmitance/absorbance measurements of liquids with a transflectance optical bundle probe with total optical path of 5 mm and a circular area of 0.5 $\textrm{cm}^2$. Model 2030 scans the rage 1100 2400 nm and was employed for reflectance measurement of solids drugs. 300 spectra, acquired in about 20 s, were averaged for each sample. Chemometric treatment of the spectral data, modelling and classification were performed by using the Unscrambler 7.5 software (CAMO Norway). This package provides the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and SIMCA algorithms, used for modelling and classification, respectively. Initially, NIRS was evaluated for spectrum acquisition of various drugs, selected in order to accomplish the diversity of physico-chemical characteristics found among commercial products. Parameters which could affect the spectra of a given drug (especially if presented as solid tablets) were investigated and the results showed that the first derivative can minimize spectral changes associated with tablet geometry, physical differences in their faces and position in relation to the probe beam. The effect of ambient humidity and temperature were also investigated. The first factor needs to be controlled for model construction because the ambient humidity can cause spectral alterations that should cause the wrong classification of a real drug if the factor is not considered by the model.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권spc1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 2006

쌀의 기계적 식미치 측정용으로 최근 많이 사용되고 있는 도요 미도메타의 미도치를 근적외선 분광분석 기를 이용 신속 간편하게 측정할 수 있는지를 검토하고자 실험 하였던바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수집된 브랜드 쌀의 도요 미도치는 최저 62.9, 최고 84.2까지의 비교적 넓은 범위를 보였으며, 샘플의 분포 양상도 정규분포에 가까웠다. 2. MPLS(Modified Partial Least Square) 방식에 의한 검량식 작성시 도요 미도치와 근적외선 스펙트럼 간 결정계수 $(R^2)$는 0.94, 표준오차(SEC)는 0.95정도로 비교적 높은 상관성을 보였다. 3. 검량식 검증 표준오차는 1.64, 검증시 상관정도는 0.81로서 근적외선 분광분석기로 도요 미도치를 비 파괴적으로 손쉽게 측정할 수 있는 가능성을 제시 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.301-313
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to discriminate between normal hulled barley and Fusarium (Fusarium asiaticum and Fusarium graminearum) infected hulled barley by using the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique. Methods: Fusarium asiaticum and Fusarium graminearum were artificially inoculated in hulled barley and the reflectance spectrum of the barley spike was obtained by using a near-infrared spectral sensor with wavelength band in the range 1,175-2,170 nm. After obtaining the spectrum of the specimen, the hulled barley was cultivated in a greenhouse and visually inspected for infections. Results: From a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) prediction model developed from the raw spectrum data of the hulled barley, the discrimination accuracy for the normal and infected hulled barley was 99.82% (563/564) and 100% (672/672), respectively. Conclusions: NIRS is effective as a quick and nondestructive method to detect whether hulled barley has been infected with Fusarium. Further, it expected that NIRS will be able to detect Fusarium infections in other grains as well.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.675-680
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• 1990

관능검사에 의존하여 오던 종래의 고추 품질평가법을 탈피하여 매운맛 성분인 capsaicin, 적색색소인 capsanthin, total sugar 및 수분함량을 근적외 분광분석법으로 화학약품을 사용하지 않고 신속, 정확하게, 동시에 측정 할 수 있는 방법을 조사하였다. 기존의 화학분석 방법에 의해 측정한 상기 성분들의 함량치와 근적외 스펙트럼 데이타간에 중회귀분석을 행하여 각각의 성분측정을 위한 검량식을 작성하였다. 이들 검량식을 미지의 고추시료에 적용시켜 구한 분석치와 기존 분석법으로 구한 분석치를 비교한 결과, capsanthin과 total sugar는 근적외 분광분석법에 의해 정량적으로 측정할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.4101-4101
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• 2001

Information of body composition (fat and protein) in living animal is important to determine the nutrients requirement. Deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution techniques, as one of isotope dilution techniques have been useful for the prediction of body composition. However, the determination of D2O concentration is time consuming and complicated. Therefore this study was conducted to develop a new method to predict D2O concentration in plasma using near infrared spectroscopy technique (NIRS). Four dairy cows in early lactation were used. They were fed total mixed ration containing conr silage, timothy hay, and concentrates to make 17.0%CP and 14.0 MJDE/kgDM. Dosing D2O was at week 1,3 and 5 after parturition. After dosing D2O, the blood was collected from hour 0 to 72. Blood samples were then centrifuge at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain plasma. D2O concentration was analyzed by gas chromatograph (deuterium oxide analyzable system, HK102, Shokotsusyou) after extracted from plasma by liophilization. Plasma sample was scanned by NIRS using Pacific Scientific (Neotec) model 6500 (Perstorp Analytical, Silver Spring, MD) in the range of wavelength from 1100 to 2500 nm. Calibration equation was developed using multiple linear regression. Sample from one animal (cow #550; n: 74) was used for developing the calibration while the rest three animals were used for validating the equation. The range, R and SEC of the calibration set samples were 135-925 ppm, 0.93 and 48.1 ppm, respectively. Validation of the calibration equation for three individual cows was done and the average of NIR predicted value of D2O at each collection time from three weeks injection showed a high correlation. The range, r and 53 of plasma from cow #474 were 322-840 ppm,0.93 and 53.1; cow #478 were 146-951 ppm,0.95 and 39.8; cow #942 were 313-885 ppm,0.95 and 37.2, respectively. Judgement of accuracy based on ratio of standard deviation and standard error in validation set samples (RPD) for cow #474, #478 and #942 were 2.2,4.3 and 3.4, respectively. The error in application due to the variation between individual was considered smaller than the bias from collection period, however, this prediction can be overcome with correction of standard zero-minute concentration of blood. The results of this preliminary study on the use of NIRS for determination of D2O in plasma showed very promising as shown by a convenient and satisfy accuracy. Further study on various physiological stage of animal should be done.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1619-1619
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• 2001

Ourwork aims to assess the content of dry matter, protein, cell wall parameters and water soluble carbohydrates in forages without having to handle samples, transport them to a laboratory, dry, grind and chemically analyze them. for this purpose, the concept of fresh forage analysis under field conditions by means of compact integrated NIRS InGaAs-diode array instruments on small plot harvesters is being evaluated for plant breeding trials. This work was performed with the world first commercial experimental forage plot harvester equipped with a NIRS module for the collection, compression, and scanning of forage samples (including automatic referencing and dark current measure ments). It was used for harvesting and analyzing a number of typical forage grass and forage legume plot trials. After NIRS measurements in the field each sample was again analyzed in the laboratory by means of a conventional grating spectrometer equipped with Si-and PbS-detectors. Conventional laboratory analysis of the samples was restricted to dry matter (DM) content by means of oven drying at 105. Routine chemometric procedures were then employed to assess the comparative accuracy and precision of the DM assessments in the spectral range between 950 and 1650nm by the NIRS diode array as well as by the conventional NIRS scanning instrument. The results of this study confirmed that the type of NIRS diode array instrument employed here functioned well even in rugged field operations. further refinements proved to be necessary for optimizing the automatic filling of the sample compartment to adjust for the wide variation in forage material under conditions of extremely low or high harvest yields. The error achieved in calibrating the apparatus for forages of typical DM content proved to be satisfactory (SECV < 1.0). Possibly as a consequence of higher sampling errors, its performance in atypical forages with elevated DM contents was less satisfactory. The error level obtained on the conventional grating NIR spectrometer was similar to that of the diode array instrument for both types of forage.