• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.103-108
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• 2005

ZnO thin films on (001) sapphire substrates have been deposited by pulsed laser deposition(PLD) technique using an Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 266nm. Before post-annealing treatment in the oxygen ambient, the experiment of the deposition of ZnO thin films has been performed for substrate temperatures in the range of $300\~450^{\circ}C$ and oxygen gas flow rate of $100\~700\;sccm$. In order to investigate the effect of post-annealing treatment of ZnO thin films, films have been annealed at various temperatures after deposition. After post-annealing treatment in the oxygen ambient, the structural properties of ZnO thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the optical properties of the ZnO were characterized by photoluminescence(PL).

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07c
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• pp.2138-2140
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• 2000

송전선, 변전소, 발전소 등의 전력설비에 있어서 애자장치의 오손은 지락사고나 코로나 유발에 의한 환경장애 등의 원인이 되고 있어 염분에 의한 애자장치의 오손 대책이 설비 관리에 있어서 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있으며, 이를 위해서는 염분 오손도의 측정이 선행되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 염분 오손도를 상시 자동으로 측정할 수 있는 방법으로서 제안되고 있는 전자식 애자 이용법, 열전 반도체를 이용한 전도도 측정법, Nd:YAG 레이저법, 레이저 광센서와 프리즘을 이용한 염분 오손도 측정법, 정전용량 검출센서를 이용한 염분 오손도 측정법, 백금 전극을 이용한 누설전류 측정법과 같은 염분 오손도 측정법을 소개하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.13-21
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• 1997

This paper describes the effectiveness of laser pulse shaping in eliminating weld defects such as porosity, cracks and undercuts in pulsed Nd:YAG Laser welding. A large porosity was formed in a keyhole mode of deep penetration weld metal of any stainless steel. Solidification cracks were present in Type 303 with about 0.3%s. The conditions for the formation of porosity were determined in further detail in Type 316. With the objectives of obtaining a fundamental knowledge of formation and prevention of weld defects, the fusion and solidification behavior of a molten puddle was observed during laser spot welding of Type 310S. through high speed video photographing technique. It was deduced that cellular dendrite tips grew rapidly from the bottom to the surface, and consequently residual liquid remained at the grain boundaries in wide regions and enhanced the solidification cracking susceptibility. Several laser pulse shapes were investigated and optimum pulse shapes were proposed for the reduction and prevention of porosity and solidification cracking.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.1767-1771
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• 2004

A 4D-PTV system was constructed. The measurement system consists of three high-speed high-definition cameras, Nd-Yag laser(10mJ, 2000fps) and a host computer. The GA-3D-PTV algorithm was used to extract three-dimensional velocity vectors in the measurement volume. A horizontal impinged jet flow was measured with the constructed system. The Reynolds number is about 40,000. Spatial temporal evolution of the jet flow was examined in detail and physical properties such as spatial distributions of vorticity and turbulent kinetic energy were obtained with the constructed system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.589-595
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• 2009

The instability wave formed near nozzle region grows to vortex with large scale in downstream region of spray. It plays an important role in the fuel-air mixing, combustion process and engine exhaust emissions in direct injection diesel engine. The objective of this study is to analyze effect of variant parameters (injection pressure, ambient gas density, etc.) and fuel properties on spray instability near nozzle region. Spray structure near nozzle region was investigated using a magnification photograph. A pulsed Nd-YAG laser was used as a light source, and image was taken by CCD camera. The following conclusions are drawn from this experimental analysis. In low ambient density, the effect of fuel properties on spray instability near nozzle region is dominant. In high ambient density, the effect of ambient gas on spray instability near nozzle region is dominant. High jet velocity has strong influence on spray instability.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.31 no.2 s.257
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• pp.195-201
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• 2007

A visualization study of flow characteristics in a mixer using multi-nozzle bubbling was performed. The mixer is filed with liquid glycerin (dynamic viscosity = $1000mPa{\cdot}s\;at\;25^{\circ}C$) and convective mixing is induced by air bubbles generated from 9 orifices installed on the bottom of the mixer. To visualize the flow field, PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) system consisting of 532nm Nd:YAG laser, $2k{\times}2k$ CCD camera and synchronizer is adopted. The bubbles generated with uniform size and frequency form bubble stream and bubble streams rise vertically without interaction between bubble streams. Mixing efficiency is affected by the height of bubbler and the effective height of bubbler is 20nm from the bottom of the mixer.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2014

In this paper we studied the laser-induced crater depth, mass, and emission spectra of laser-ablated high-density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer using the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS) technique. This study was performed using a Nd:YAG laser with 100 mJ energy and 7 ns pulse width, focused normal to the surface of the sample. The nanoscale change in ablated depth versus number of laser pulses was studied. By using scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, the crater depth and ablated mass were estimated. The LIPS spectral intensities were observed for major and minor elements with depth. The comparison between the LIPS results and SEM images showed that LIPS could be used to estimate the crater depth, which is of interest for some applications such as thin-film lithography measurements and online measurements of thickness in film deposition techniques.

• Proceedings of the International Microelectronics And Packaging Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.177-179
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• 2002

본 연구는 Ag와 Ce이 함유된 유리를 용융법에 의해 제조하였으며, 355nm Nd:YAG 펄스 레이저를 조사하였을 때의 광학적 특성과 열처리과정에서 발생하는 결정화의 변화과정에 대해 평가하였다. Ce이 함유된 유리는 환원 분위기에서 제조되었으며, Optical Absorption을 통하여 Ce$^{3+}$ 이온이 존재하는 유리의 흡수대역을 관찰하고자 하였다. Photo Luminescence(PL) 측정을 통해 Ce$^{3+}$ 이 존재하고 있음을 확인하였으며, Ce$^{3+}$ 이온의 5d$\longrightarrow$4f 전이를 관찰하였다. 이와같이 Ce$^{3+}$ 가 함유된 유리는 레이저를 조사하였을 경우 PL의 강도가 저하됨을 확인하였다. 열처리과정에서 발생하는 결정화현상을 고찰하기 위해 열분석을 실시하였으며, 레이저조사된 유리에서 최대결정화온도가 감소함을 관찰하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.531-536
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• 2000

The extraction of precious metals from aqueous solutions is performed by using a photoredox reaction with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The metallic silver was efficiently precipitated and extracted from the silver nitrate solution by laser photolysis. An optimum reaction condition for silver extraction was determined by adjusting various experimental factors such as type of reducing agent, type of acids and reaction time. The composition of the reaction product was analyzed and it was identified as metallic silver, not other molecular types. The photoreaction of chromium(III) chloride in an acidic aqueous solution was also investigated. The 355 nm laser light was better suited for the reaction of silver nitrate as well as chromium(III) chloride in an acidic solution compared to the 532 nm light.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.636-643
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• 1996

공진기형 제 2고조파소자(SHG)는 레이저 빔의 에너지 밀도가 높아 고내구성 박막이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 광학박막 재료로 고융점 산화물인 ZrO2, TiO2, SiO2를 사용하였다. 반응성 스퍼터링 방법으로 제작한 ZrO2, TiO2, SiO2 박막을 XRD, SAM을 사용하여 분석하였고, 박막의 광학적 특성을 평가하였다. SHG 소자의 KTP 및 Nd:YAG 결정의 반사방지막(A/R 코팅)구성은 ZrO2와 SiO2를 사용하여 컴퓨터로 계산하였는데 기본파인 1064nm와 제 2고조파인 532nm에서 각각 0.1%, 0.5%이하의 반사율을 갖도록 하였다. 또한 고반사막(H/R 코팅)의 경우 1064nm에서 99.9%의 반사율을 갖도록 TiO2와 SiO2로 디자인하였다. 제작한 광학박막의 광학적 특성, 레이저 내구성(laser damage threshold), 온습도 안정성 실험 등을 통해 광학박막을 평가하였다.