• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2001

Ruminal degradation characteristics of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and crude protein (CP) in fresh leaves of two Japanese native grasses (Zoysia japonica and Miscanthus sinensis) and one sown temperate grass (Dactylis glomerata) were investigated by an in sacco method in spring (mid-May), summer (mid-July) and autumn (mid-September). Japanese native grasses had higher NDF and lower CP concentrations than D. glomerata, and the CP concentration in native grasses decreased in autumn. Ruminal degradability of DM, NDF and CP was lower in native grasses than in D. glomerata (p<0.05) in all seasons. DM and NDF degradability decreased in summer for Z. japonica and D. glomerata, while it decreased in autumn for M. sinensis. CP degradability in Z. japonica was constant throughout the seasons, whereas that in M. sinensis greatly decreased in summer and autumn (p<0.05). It was concluded that Z. japonica could stably supply ruminally digestible nutrients for grazing animals in Japanese native pasture. However, the degradation characteristics of freshly chopped native grasses did not fit the exponential model of $D=a+b(1-e^{-ct})$ proposed by Ørskov and McDonald.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2000

본 연구는 한우와 Holstein종의 $\kappa$ -CN 유전자 발현조절부위, 즉 $\kappa$ -CN gene 5'-flanking region에 대한 특성을 구명하기 위하여 specific primer를 이용하여 PCR(polymerase chain reaction) 방법으로 분석하였다. PCR 증폭 결과, 349bp 크기의 증폭산물을 얻었으며 한우와 Holstein종의 $\kappa$ -CN 유전자의 발현조절부위의 염기서열 분석결과에 있어서는 -82bp에서 -431bp까지 분석되었으며, 종간의 염기서열 비교에서 -386bp에서는 Holstein종에서는 T 염기가 한우에서는 C 염기로 치환되었으며, -241bp와 -192bp에서는 Holstein종에서는 T 및 C 염가가 존재하였으나, 한우에서는 결실되었다. 또한, -183bp에서는 한우에서는 T 염기가 존재하였으나, Holstein종에서는 염기가 결실되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 한우와 Holstein 종간의 상동성 분석에 있어서는 한우 $\kappa$ -CN 유전자 발현조절부위의 염기서열이 Holstein종과 98.9% 의 상동성을 보였다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2009

In order to find out the effect of low level of starch acetylation on physicochemical properties of potato starch, amylose content, digestibility of raw and gelatinized starch, thermal properties, pasting properties, and the swelling power of native and acetylated potato starches were measured. The amylose content was significantly lower in acetylated starch than in their counterpart native starches. Though a tendency in the decrease in digestibility of raw starch was observed with starch acetylation, acetylation did not alter the proportion of readily digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), and resistant starch (RS) of both raw and gelatinized potato starches. No clear increase in the swelling power was observed, however, the peak and onset gelatinization temperatures and the enthalpy required for starch gelatinization decreased with starch acetylation. Peak and breakdown viscosities were reduced due to acetylation of potato starch while final viscosity and set back were increased.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.106-115
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• 2021

Sperm cryopreservation is an important method of assisted reproductive techniques and storing genetic resources. It plays a vital role in genetic improvement, livestock industrial preservation of endangered species, and clinical practice. Consequently, the cryopreservation technique is well organized through various studies, especially on Korean native cattle (Hanwoo). However, the cryopreservation technique of Korean native brindled cattle, which is one of the native cattle species in Korea, is not well organized. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a Supplementary Table technique for the cryopreservation of Korean native brindled cattle. For this purpose, it is important to first evaluate the quality of the currently produced cryopreserved sperm of Korean native brindled cattle. In this study, we randomly selected 72 individual Korean native brindled cattle semen samples collected from 8 different region research centers and used them to evaluate sperm functions. We focused on the quality evaluation of cryopreserved Korean native brindled cattle semen following the measurement of motion kinematics, capacitation status, intracellular ATP level, sperm motility, and cell viability. Then, the values of each of the eight groups were derived from various sperm parameters of nine individual samples, including sperm motility, kinematics, cellular motility, and intracellular ATP levels, which were used to compare and evaluate sperm function. Overall, differences in various sperm parameters were observed between most of the research centers. Particularly, the deviations of motility and motion kinematics were high according to the sample. Therefore, we suggest that it is necessary to develop a standard method for the cryopreservation of Korean native brindled cattle semen. We also suggest the need for sperm quality evaluation of the cryopreserved semen of Korean native brindled cattle before using artificial insemination to attain a high fertility rate.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.82-93
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• 2016

This article presents an overview of the Native Customary Rights to forests and its role in protecting the future of native people of Sarawak, Malaysia. The native people have had a long history and strong relationship with their forests. Existing documents and studies have been critically reviewed and analyzed in order to elaborate the Native Customary Rights which are critical to the native people of this region. To have a better understanding on Native Customary Rights, it is important to answer three related questions: (i) Who is a native of Sarawak, (ii) What is 'custom', and (iii) What is the nature of 'rights'? The roles of Native Customary Rights for economic, political or social reasons, operate through informal rules embedded in the natives' customs and traditions. These rules have never been codified into formal laws because the adat system merely functions to manage the human relations which are tied to culture thus making it difficult to codify the culture into laws. It is evident that there are several issues underlying the development of Native Customary Rights: (i) Native Customary Rights are considered as inferiority to those of the State, (ii) the issue of over-shadowing of traditional laws by the colonial rule and the current statutory laws and, (iii) projects and land schemes involving the Native Land. It is understood that the challenges of promoting Native Customary Rights are daunting task; however, the constitutional laws need to carefully revise to provide a better future for the natives.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to present the scheme that can enhance the value of native local foods by analyzing the case into which storytelling is incorporated in order to revitalize native local foods. Towards this end, the cases of native local foods throughout the country were recommended through professional survey and one region among them was finally selected through the field study. The survey on the native local foods was conducted through qualitative study. The four stages of storytelling: the findings of storytelling, the production of storytelling, the experience of storytelling, and sharing of storytelling were analyzed by stage and the contents of the survey by stage were developed. In the findings of story, the origins and background of the main family's foods and food-related stories were derived. The production of stories deals with how to convey the stories of surveyed native local foods to consumers and it presented the stories about the place and food menu. In the experience of storytelling, the physical environment and non-physical environment, in which people visit native local eating houses and experience native local foods were analyzed. Finally, in the sharing of story, how the tourists who have experienced the native local foods make stories and disseminate and share them was analyzed. The significance of this study is that through the storytelling technique it presented the findings, production, experience and sharing of native local foods in the level that can apply to practical business. Although the research is in the stage of inquiry, this study is meaningful in that it presented the basic methodology that can induce the revitalization of the native local food industry through examining the tradition and significance of native local foods that can be found in all the regions of the country.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.862-868
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• 2016

Goats (Capra hircus) are one of the oldest species of domesticated animals. Native Korean goats are a particularly interesting group, as they are indigenous to the area and were raised in the Korean peninsula almost 2,000 years ago. Although they have a small body size and produce low volumes of milk and meat, they are quite resistant to lumbar paralysis. Our study aimed to reveal the distinct genetic features and patterns of selection in native Korean goats by comparing the genomes of native Korean goat and crossbred goat populations. We sequenced the whole genome of 15 native Korean goats and 11 crossbred goats using next-generation sequencing (Illumina platform) to compare the genomes of the two populations. We found decreased nucleotide diversity in the native Korean goats compared to the crossbred goats. Genetic structural analysis demonstrated that the native Korean goat and cross-bred goat populations shared a common ancestry, but were clearly distinct. Finally, to reveal the native Korean goat's selective sweep region, selective sweep signals were identified in the native Korean goat genome using cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH) and a cross-population composite likelihood ratio test (XP-CLR). As a result, we were able to identify candidate genes for recent selection, such as the CCR3 gene, which is related to lumbar paralysis resistance. Combined with future studies and recent goat genome information, this study will contribute to a thorough understanding of the native Korean goat genome.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.955-961
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to determine the specific polymorphic sites in cattle breeds and inter- and interbreed genetic variation among breeds and to develop a databank of Turkish native cattle mtDNA using sequence analysis. The entire D-loop region was analyzed based on DNA sequences in Turkish Grey, East Anatolian Red, South Anatolian Red, and Anatolian Black native breeds. In total, 68 nucleotide differences were observed at 26 different sites. The variable positions consisted of 22 transitions, two transversions, and two insertions, but no deletions. Haplotype number, haplotype diversity, nucleotide diversity, and mean number of pairwise difference values were found to be 17, 0.993, 0.00478, and 4.275, respectively. In addition, a phylogeny was developed by comparison among cattle populations for which the entire D-loop sequence was available. A high level of genetic variation was observed within and among the native cattle breeds.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1329-1334
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• 2011

The Hinai-dori is a breed of chicken native to Akita Prefecture, Japan. An $F_2$ resource population produced by crossing low- and high-growth lines of the Hinai-dori breed was analyzed to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for growth traits. Highly significant QTLs for body weight at 10 and 14 weeks of age and average daily gain between 4 and 10 weeks and between 10 and 14 weeks of age were accordingly mapped in a common region between ADL0198 and ABR0287 on chromosome 1 and between MCW0240 and ABR0622 on chromosome 4, respectively. A significant QTL for body weight at 4 weeks of age and a significant QTL for average daily gain between 0 and 4 weeks of age were mapped for the first time to the same region flanking ABR0204 and ABR0284 on chromosome 1. These QTLs are good candidates for application in the development of marker-assisted selection strategies for increasing growth efficiencies in the Hinai-dori breed and native breeds of chickens in Asia.

• Plant Resources
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.244-249
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• 2005

The growth charateristics and karyotypes of Aster spathulifolius collected from 5 sites including coastal and island region on the Korean peninsula, were analysed. Several morphological characteristics of the plants such as leaf length, leaf width, top internode, medium internode, spike branching, flower diameter, number of petal, leaf color, leaf form, stem and leaf hair, viscosity, and serration of the plants were distinctly different depending on the native region from which they were collected. Karyotypic analysis showed that the chromosome number was all diploid (2n=18), with one pair of submetacentric satellite chromosomes. The chromosome composition included 7 pairs of metacentric chromosomes and 2 pairs of submetacentric chromosomes in all plants. However, chromosome order and the ranges of the chromosome lengths were a little different from plant to plant according to their native growing regions. The plants from Geoje-Do especially showed large differences in the chromosome lengths between the longest and the shortest compared to the plants from other places. This results provide important data to support the classification of the species into several sub-species.