• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권1호
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• pp.80-88
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• 2022

Background: Although it is known that inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use may increase the risk of respiratory infection, its influence on the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remains unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between ICS use and the positivity of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Methods: Nationwide data of 44,968 individuals with chronic respiratory diseases tested for SARS-CoV-2 until May 15, 2021 were obtained from the Ministry of Health and Welfare and Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea. The positivity of SARS-CoV-2 infection was retrospectively analysed according to the prescription, type, and dose of ICS taken one year before SARS-CoV-2 test. Results: Among 44,968 individuals tested, 931 (2.1%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 7,019 patients (15.6%) were prescribed ICS one year prior to being tested for SARS-CoV-2. Low, medium, and high doses of ICS were prescribed in 7.5%, 1.6%, and 6.5% of total cases, respectively. Among types of ICS, budesonide, fluticasone, beclomethasone, and ciclesonide were prescribed in 3.7%, 8.9%, 2.3%, and 0.6% of total cases, respectively. A multivariate analysis showed no significant increase in infection with ICS use (odds ratio, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.66-1.03). Moreover, there were no associations between the positivity of infection and the dose or type of ICS prescribed. Conclusion: Prior ICS use did not increase the positivity for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, different doses or types of ICS did not affect this positivity.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.248-259
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Adequate nutritional intake is essential for good health and well-being. We aimed to compare the nutrient intake from homemade meals, meals sourced externally ("eating out"), and meals from workplace foodservices, as well as the potential association between foodservices used and nutritional quality among adult Korean workers. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationwide cross-sectional survey on the health and nutritional status of the Korean population. Data from 6,845 workers aged 20-64 years were included. A survey on dietary behavior and nutrition was conducted using the 24-h dietary recall method. Nutritional quality was examined using the index of nutritional quality (INQ) score. Higher INQ scores reflected poorer nutritional quality, with insufficient intake of a higher number of nutrients. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify the association between the foodservices used and INQ scores after adjusting for other covariates. RESULTS: We found that foodservice users exhibited a higher 1-day intake of total energy and macronutrients (all P < 0.05) and lower INQ scores (P < 0.01) than non-users. The INQ scores for total daily meals decreased with the frequency of foodservice use (P < 0.01). A significant association was observed between the non-use of foodservices and INQ scores (β = 0.29, P < 0.01) after adjusting for other covariates. CONCLUSIONS: The use of workplace foodservices contributed to higher dietary nutritional quality among workers. This study highlights the importance of expanding the scope of workplace foodservices to promote higher nutritional quality and healthy dietary habits among workers.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.91-103
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• 2022

This study proposes a model for predicting contracted power using electric power data collected in real time from convenience stores nationwide. By optimizing the prediction model using machine learning, it will be possible to predict the contracted power required to renew the contract of the existing convenience store. Contracted power is predicted through the XGBoost regression model. For the learning of XGBoost model, the electric power data collected for 16 months through a real-time monitoring system for convenience stores nationwide were used. The hyperparameters of the XGBoost model were tuned using the GridesearchCV, and the main features of the prediction model were identified using the xgb.importance function. In addition, it was also confirmed whether the preprocessing method of missing values and outliers affects the prediction of reduced power. As a result of hyperparameter tuning, an optimal model with improved predictive performance was obtained. It was found that the features of power.2020.09, power.2021.02, area, and operating time had an effect on the prediction of contracted power. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the preprocessing policy of missing values and outliers did not affect the prediction result. The proposed XGBoost regression model showed high predictive performance for contract power. Even if the preprocessing method for missing values and outliers was changed, there was no significant difference in the prediction results through hyperparameters tuning.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to directly understand the health condition of residents of mental health sanatoriums nationwide, which has been difficult to ascertain in surveys conducted to date. The study presents specific measures for improving the health of these residents. Methods : A "physical examination questionnaire for residents of mental health sanatoriums" was developed to check the basic physical condition of residents, and 20 out of 59 mental health sanatoriums nationwide were randomly selected. Medical personnel visited the sanatoriums, interviewing and examining the residents in person. A total of 396 health surveys were completed. Results : Many of the residents were underweight but had abdominal obesity. It was confirmed that chronic diseases among the residents were not diagnosed early or were not properly managed. Among the subjective symptoms complained of by the residents, musculoskeletal symptoms were the most common. Oral examinations revealed a serious level of oral health problems among the residents, including dental caries and missing teeth. Basic physical examinations found health problems that required additional examination or medical treatment. Blood pressure abnormalities made up the highest percentage of the health problems. Conclusion : Regular health surveys are needed to determine the health condition of residents of mental health sanatoriums. Access to and quality of primary medical services within the sanatoriums need to be dramatically improved. A delivery system for severe diseases and emergency medical care in the sanatoriums should also be specifically presented. The residents should be notified upon admission and during their stay that they have the right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of mental and physical health. The issue of health rights should be addressed within a larger framework of reorganizing management plans for people in the community - not only residents - with chronic mental illness.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제86권3호
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• pp.234-244
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• 2023

Background: Effective treatment of fluoroquinolone-resistant multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (FQr-MDR-TB) is difficult because of the limited number of available core anti-TB drugs and high rates of resistance to anti-TB drugs other than FQs. However, few studies have examined anti-TB drugs that are effective in treating patients with FQr-MDR-TB in a real-world setting. Methods: The impact of anti-TB drug use on treatment outcomes in patients with pulmonary FQr-MDR-TB was retrospectively evaluated using a nationwide integrated TB database (Korean Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis). Data from 2011 to 2017 were included. Results: The study population consisted of 1,082 patients with FQr-MDR-TB. The overall treatment outcomes were as follows: treatment success (69.7%), death (13.7%), lost to follow-up or not evaluated (12.8%), and treatment failure (3.9%). On a propensity-score-matched multivariate logistic regression analysis, the use of bedaquiline (BDQ), linezolid (LZD), levofloxacin (LFX), cycloserine (CS), ethambutol (EMB), pyrazinamide, kanamycin (KM), prothionamide (PTO), and para-aminosalicylic acid against susceptible strains increased the treatment success rate (vs. unfavorable outcomes). The use of LFX, CS, EMB, and PTO against susceptible strains decreased the mortality (vs. treatment success). Conclusion: A therapeutic regimen guided by drug-susceptibility testing can improve the treatment of patients with pulmonary FQr-MDR-TB. In addition to core anti-TB drugs, such as BDQ and LZD, treatment of susceptible strains with later-generation FQs and KM may be beneficial for FQr-MDR-TB patients with limited treatment options.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.258-272
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• 2023

This study investigated the current status and educational needs of global health education (GHE) at medical schools in Korea. Among the 40 medical schools nationwide, 32 schools that agreed to participate in the study collected data through a survey in 2022, and the results were examined by frequency analysis and content analysis. In total, 87.5% of medical schools included global health-related graduation outcomes. In the curriculum, global health lessons within courses were present at 71.9% of medical schools. Regarding extracurricular activities, 66.7% and 63.0% of medical schools offered overseas clerkships and overseas volunteer work, respectively. Although there were not many medical schools with a global health-related educational environment, 96.9% of schools agreed with the necessity of GHE in medical education. The prevailing opinion was that it was appropriate to continuously cover GHE as lessons within courses throughout all years of the program in medical education. The main opinions regarding the improvement of GHE related to curriculum development, personnel expansion, and awareness improvement at medical schools. These findings are expected to serve as a basis for identifying the current status of GHE at Korean medical schools and specifying future directions of GHE.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2017

수능을 준비하는 대부분의 재학생들은 3학년 1년 동안 두 유형의 모의평가를 통하여 수능을 준비하게 된다. 시 도교육청 주관으로 제작 시행되는 4회의 전국연합학력평가와 한국교육과정평가원에서 주관하는 수능 6월 9월 모의평가를 치르게 된다. 그러나 이 두 유형의 시험은 많은 유사성을 내포하는 동시에 상당히 이질적인 평가이다. 본 연구에서는 서울 인천 경기 교육청에서 발표한 2016학년도 전국연합학력평가 성적 분석 및 통계 자료와 한국교육과정평가원에서 발표한 2017학년도 수능 6월 9월 모의평가 채점 결과 보도자료를 바탕으로 두 유형 간의 이질성을 난이도 중심으로 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 서울 소재 2개 고등학교 5학급 161명 학생들이 치른 4회의 2016학년도 전국연합학력평가와 6월 9월 모의평가 수학 영역 성적을 분석하여 응시집단 변화에 따른 재학생들의 수학 영역 성적 변화를 살펴보았다. 이를 통하여 전국연합학력평가의 개선점과 이와 동반되어야 할 교육정책 관련 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.1014-1019
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• 2012

전국 염전에서 생산된 갯벌천일염의 수분함량과 함수 및 염전 저수지 해수에 포함된 중금속(수은, 납, 카드뮴, 비소, 구리) 함량을 평가하였으며, 생산지역에 따른 갯벌천일염의 중금속 함량 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 갯벌천일염의 수분함량은 7.357%에서 14.862% 범위였으며, 중금속 함량은 생산지역에 따라 차이가 있었으나, 비소함량은 0.007 ppm에서 0.497 ppm 수준으로 기준치를 초과한 함량은 검출되지 않았으며, 카드뮴은 불검출에서부터 0.101 ppm, 납은 불검출에서부터 0.191 ppm, 수은은 0.006 ppb에서 0.180 ppb 수준으로 기준치를 초과한 시료는 검출되지 않았다. 천일염의 구리함량은 0.039 ppm 수준에서 4.794 ppm 수준의 범위를 나타내었으며, 지역에 따라 다소 높은 수준의 함량이 검출되었다. 염전 저수지 해수에 포함되어 있는 비소함량은 불검출에서 0.474 ppm 수준이었으며, 카드뮴은 불검출에서 0.009 ppm, 납은 0.005 ppm에서 0.038 ppm, 수은은 불검출에서 0.018 ppb, 구리함량은 0.267 ppm 수준에서 3.184 ppm 수준의 범위였다. 전국 염전 함수에 대한 비소함량은 0.012 ppm에서 0.914 ppm, 카드뮴은 불검출에서 0.021 ppm, 납은 0.010 ppm에서 0.094 ppm 수준의 범위였으며, 수은은 불검출에서 0.0221 ppb, 구리함량은 0.372 ppm 수준에서 3.275 ppm 수준을 나타내었으며, 모든 시료에서 기준치를 초과한 함량은 검출되지 않았다. 이상과 같은 결과로부터 전국 염전에서 생산된 천일염, 함수 및 해수에 포함된 중금속 함량은 안전한 수준인 것으로 판단되지만 염전 결정지 바닥재로 사용하고 있는 PVC의 잠재적인 위해성을 감안한다면 이에 대한 지속적인 관리가 절실히 요청된다.

• 지질공학
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2016

급경사지 붕괴 위험을 판단하기 위한 반감계수 기반의 한계선 설정은 재해이력 자료가 반드시 필요하다. 그러나 전국적으로 재해이력 자료는 절대적으로 부족하며, 지역별로 편중되어 있어 신뢰도 높은 한계선 설정은 어려운 문제이다. 본 연구에서는 재해이력 자료 없이 급경사지 붕괴 위험을 판단하기 위한 한계영역 설정 기법을 제안하였다. 반감계수가 적용된 과거 10년간의 강우자료를 도시한 후 가장 바깥에 위치한 점들을 연결하여 기준선을 설정한다. 실시간 작용강우가 기준선을 넘어가면 경보가 발령되는 시스템을 구축하였으며, AWS (자동기상관측) 지점별 기준선 설정을 통해 전국적 활용이 가능하다. 과거 시뮬레이션 방법을 통한 신뢰성 검증 결과, 12개 현장 중 10개 현장에서 실제 붕괴 발생 전 경보 발령이 가능했던 것으로 나타났다. 실제 붕괴 발생 30분 전에 경보 발령이 가능했던 현장은 총 8개소로 약 67%의 정확도를 보였다. 본 모델의 활용성을 높이기 위해서는 전국적인 강우 DB구축과 지역별 한계영역 보정에 대한 추가 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권10호
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• pp.1460-1466
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• 2012

전국 25개 지역 염전에서 생산된 갯벌천일염 뿐만 아니라 천일염을 결정하는 함수 및 근원이 되는 염전 저수지 해수를 채취하여 가소제 오염수준을 평가하고, 갯벌천일염 및 염전 결정지 PVC 사용연수에 따른 환경호르몬의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 천일염의 DEP는 불검출에서 1.55 ppb 수준을 나타내었으며, DIBP는 불검출에서 2.38 ppb, DBP는 불검출에서 4.90 ppb, DEHA는 불검출에서 2.32 ppb 수준으로 검출되었으며, BBP는 불검출에서 1.45 ppb 수준으로 무시할 정도의 수준이었다. 천일염을 생산하는 염전에서 결정지 바닥재로 PVC 장판을 사용하면서 최근 가장 문제가 되고 있는 DEHP는 천일염을 생산하는 지역에 따라 불검출에서 268.5 ppb 수준으로 검출되었으며, 이러한 결과는 천일염에 0.268 ppm 포함되어 있는 것으로, 인체 안전성을 우려할만한 수준은 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 또한 DMP, DPrP, DNPP, DNHP, DCHP는 모든 시료에서 불검출 되었다. 전국 염전 저수지 해수 및 함수에 포함된 프탈레이트는 무시할 정도의 수준이었으며, 염전 저수지 해수에 대한 DEHP는 불검출에서 3.4 ppb 수준, 함수는 불검출에서 21.4 ppb 수준을 나타내어 불검출 수준이었다. 또한 염전 결정지 PVC 장판 사용기간에 따른 환경호르몬(DEHP) 오염여부가 의심됨에 따라 장판 사용 년수와 천일염에서 검출된 DEHP와의 관계를 분석한 결과 r=0.0362의 낮은 상관계수를 나타내었다.