• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.285-291
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• 2019

We have studied the behavior of light in the intermediate regime between a single nanoslit and an infinite nanoslit array. We first calculated the optical characteristics of a small number of nanoslits using finite element numerical analysis. The phase variance of the proposed nanoslit model shows a gradual phase shift between a single nanoslit and ideal nanoslit array, which stabilizes before the total array length becomes ${\sim}0.5{\lambda}$. Next, we designed a transmission-enhanced Fresnel zone plate by applying the phase characteristics from the small-number nanoslit model. The virtual-point-source method suggests that the proposed Fresnel zone plate with phase-invariant nanoslits achieves 2.34x higher transmission efficiency than a conventional Fresnel zone plate. Our report describes the intermediate behaviors of a nanoslit array, which could also benefit subwavelength metallic structure research of metasurfaces.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.1447-1457
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 일반적인 네트워크에서 적응력 있는(adaptive) 분산형 시스템 레벨 결함 진단을 위한 분할 기법을 제안한다. 적응력 있는 분산형 시스템 레벨 결함 진단 기법에서는 시스템의 형상이 변경될 때마다 시험 할당 알고리즘이 수행되므로 적응력 없는 결함 진단 기법에 비하여 결함 감지를 위한 시험의 갯수를 줄일 수 있다. 기존의 시험 할당 알고리즘들은 전체 시스템을 대상으로 하는 비분할(non-partitioning) 방식을 이용하였는데, 이 기법은 불필요한 과다한 메시지를 생성한다. 본 논문에서는 전체 시스템을 이중 연결 요소(biconnected component) 단위로 분할한 후, 시험 할당은 각 이중 연결 요소 내에서 수행한다. 이중 연결 요소의 관절점(articulation point)의 특성을 이용하여 각 시험 할당에 필요한 노드의 수를 줄임으로서, 비분할 기법들에 비해 초기 시험 할당에 필요한 메시지의 수를 감소시켰다. 또한 결함이 발생한 경우나 복구가 완료된 경우의 시험 재 할당은 직접 영향을 받는 이중 연결 요소내로 국지화(localize) 시켰다. 본 논문의 시스템 레벨 결함 진단 기법의 정확성을 증명하였으며, 기존 비분할 방식의 시스템 레벨 결함 진단 기법과의 성능 분석을 수행하였다.Abstract We propose an adaptive distributed system-level diagnosis using partitioning method in arbitrary network topologies. In an adaptive distributed system-level diagnosis, testing assignment algorithm is performed whenever the system configuration is changed to reduce the number of tests in the system. Existing testing assignment algorithms adopt a non-partitioning approach covering the whole system, so they incur unnecessary extra message traffic and time. In our method, the whole system is partitioned into biconnected components, and testing assignment is performed within each biconnected component. By exploiting the property of an articulation point of a biconnected component, initial testing assignment of our method performs better than non-partitioning approach by reducing the number of nodes involved in testing assignment. It also localizes the testing reassignment caused by system reconfiguration within the related biconnected components. We show that our system-level diagnosis method is correct and analyze the performance of our method compared with the previous non-partitioning ones.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 무인 지상 차량의 (Unmanned Ground Vehicle, UGV)의 위치 추정을 위한 컴퓨터 비전 기술을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 연속적으로 획득되는 360도 거리 정보(range data)와 디지털 수치모델(Digital Surface Model, 이하 DSM)의 3차원 등록(3-D registration) 방법에 기반하고 있다. 많은 수의 3차원 점군(point clouds) 정보를 가지고 있는 거리 정보의 연속적 3차원 등록은 상당한 수행 시간을 필요로 한다. 실시간 위치 추정을 위해 우리는 투영 기반의 등록 방법과 Uniform Arc Length Sampling(이하 UALS) 방법을 제안한다. UALS는 거리영상에서의 GSD(ground sample distance)를 균일하게 유지하면서 동시에 3차원 샘플 포인트의 수를 줄일 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 또한 투영 기반 등록 기술은 3차원 대응점의 탐색 시간을 감소시킨다. 두 개의 실제 항법 경로를 이용한 실험을 통하여 제안하는 방법의 성능을 검증하였다. 3차원 점군의 다양한 샘플링에 대하여 제안하는 기술의 속도 및 정합 성능을 기존 방법과 비교하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제15C권4호
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• pp.245-252
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• 2008

VoIP 망에서 긴급통화 서비스는 기존의 유 무선 전화 서비스와 같이 필수 사항이다. 이를 지원하기 위한 표준화 작업이 활발히 진행되고 있으며, National Emergency Number Association (NENA)는 기존의 유 무선망에서의 긴급통화 서비스를 위한 프레임워크 및 프로시져를 개발하고 있다. 반면에 Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)에서는 착발신이 모두 IP 환경을 고려한 긴급통신 프로토콜에 초점을 두고 있다. 그 결과, 두 모델 간에 불일치가 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 이를 해결하기 위해, NENA 구조를 채택하여 수정하고, 수정된 모델에 IETF 프로토콜을 적용할 수 있는 SIP 기반 VoIP 긴급통화 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다. 특히, 긴급 호를 다루는 재난방재센터 (PSAP, Public Safety Answering Point)는 기존 통신 환경 및 인터넷 환경 모두를 고려한다. 본 시스템은 유닉스 환경에서 구현된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권5호
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• pp.720-725
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• 2010

On the basis of vegetation data in the 9.12 ha (380 m ${\times}$ 240 m) permanent sample plot of the spruce-fir valley forest in Liangshui National Reserve of Xiaoxing'an Mountains, the study was conducted to evaluate spatial distribution pattern and spatial association by using point pattern analysis for living and dead trees of Larix gmelini by DBH size class. The number of L. gmelini were counted as 59 living stems/ha (6.42 $m^2$/ha of basal area) and 34 dead stems/ha (2.86 $m^2$/ha of basal area). The distributional curve of diameter class exhibited bimodal shape. The analysis of spatial distribution patterns of all living larch stems noted the clumped distribution on the whole. The size of larch aggregates of dead stems was decreased as diameter class was increased. The distribution of dead stems became gradually randomized with decreased clumped size as the scale increased. Living stems and dead stems of the larch had positive spatial association at most of scales, illustrating that the occurrence of mortality of the larch tree was closely related to the distribution pattern of living larch trees.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.108-112
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• 2011

In clinical settings, researchers often want to assess agreement between two measurements (or tests) of the same continuous variable. For example, when new point-of-care analyzer for testing blood glucose level were introduced clinicians need to compare results from standard or established laboratory method of measurement to those of new or point-of-care analyzer. The question in a method-comparison study would either of two different methods be used to measure the same variable equivalently. In this paper common misuse of statistical methodologies seen in the medical literatures such as correlation coefficient and paired t-test are discussed. The Bland-Altman technique has been widely used for this purpose and provides a graphic in presentation of the findings from a method-comparison study, with a mean value of measurement, this bias and the limits of agreement. For ease of application and interpretation of this technique we discussed the analysis procedure and illustrated with two worked examples. Finally, a number of alternative ways in which data can be analysed and reported in such studies were reviewed.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.129-136
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• 2004

Anisotropic characteristics of deformation are important to understand the particular behavior in the pre-failure state of soils. Recent experiments shows that cross-anisotropic moduli of granular soils can be expressed by functions of normal stresses in the corresponding directions, which is closely linked to micromechanical characteristics of particles. Granular soils are composed of a number of particles so that the force-displacement relationship at each contact point governs the macroscopic stress-strain relationship. Therefore, the micromechanical approach in which the deformation of granular soils is regarded as a mutual interaction between particle contacts is one of the best ways to investigate the anisotropic deformation of soils. In this study, a numerical program based on the theory of micromechanics is developed. Modified Hertz-Mindlin model is adopted to represent the force-displacement relationship in each contact point for the realistic prediction of anisotropic moduli. To evaluate the model parameters, a set of analytical solutions of anisotropic moduli is derived in the isotropic stress condition. By comparing the analytical solutions with exact values, we confirm that the analytical solutions can be utilized to evaluate model parameters within the acceptable range of error of 10%.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.712-720
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• 2020

Recently, to make the best use of limited and precious spectrum resources, spectrum sharing between satellite and cellular networks has received much interest. In this study, we mathematically analyze the success probability of a fixed (satellite) earth station (FES) based on a stochastic geometry framework. Both the FES and base stations (BSs) are assumed to be equipped with a directional antenna, and the location and the number of BSs are modeled based on the Poisson point process. Furthermore, an exclusion zone is considered, in which the BSs are prohibited from locating in a circular zone with a certain radius around the FES to protect it from severe interference from the cellular BSs. We validate the analytical results on the success probability of the cognitive satellite-terrestrial network with directional antennas by comparing it using extensive computer simulations and show the effect of the exclusion zone on the success probability at the FES. It is shown that the exclusion zone-based interference mitigation technique significantly improves the success probability as the exclusion zone increases.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.611-619
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• 2006

The aims of this study are to investigate science high school students' understanding of velocity and acceleration of a simple pendulum bob, and to investigate their understanding of inertia and gravitational force in the motion of a pendulum bob when the tension is removed. For the study, 46 students that had already studied the physical, concepts in simple pendulum were sampled from a science high school in a large city in Korea. For a comparison with general high school students' conceptions, 49 students were sampled from a general high school in the same city. The test tool for the investigation consisted of four drawing and simple-answering type questions developed by the authors. The outcomes of the study revealed that a substantial number of science high school students have misconceptions concerning acceleration in pendulum motion, and that many of them do not understand the relationship between force and acceleration. In addition, the results of the study showed that more than 30% of the students drew the path of a bob going along the tangential direction at the highest point of the motion, and approximately 20% of them drew the path of a bob falling straight down at the lowest point of the motion.

• 에너지공학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2014

자동변속기유는 자동차의 자동변속기의 성능을 유지시키기 위해 사용되는 유체이다. 최근 자동차 제조사에서는 일반적으로 자동변속기유를 80000~100000 km 주행후 교환 또는 무교환을 보증하고 있지만 국내에서는 많은 운전자들이 50000 km 이하에서도 자동변속기유를 교환하고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 빈번한 자동변속기유의 교환은 환경오염과 차량유지비용을 상승시키는 원인으로 작용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 사용하지 않은 신유와 50000 km와 100000 km를 각각 주행한 뒤 회수된 자동변속기유를 대상으로 인화점, 연소점, 유동점, 동점도, 저온겉보기점도, 전산가, 금속분과 같은 물리적 특성을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 신유에 비해 사용유는 전산가, 유동점, 금속분이 증가되는 것을 확인하였지만, 두 종류의 사용유(50000 km, 100000 km)의 물리적 특성과 금속분 함량의 차이는 크지 않음을 알수 있었다.