• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

The rural development policies and projects in Korea has been implemented with various related acts. For instance, these acts include Framework Act on the National Land, National Land Planning Utilization Act, Special Act on Balanced National Development, etc, enacted by each of adminstration. However, there are some limitations to encourage the variety of rural development policies due to duplication and overlapping between the relevant acts. Nowadays, the fields of rural development have been evolved and integrated not only by agricultural infrastructures but also in various fields such as multi-functional industry including rural tourism, green care, and cultural welfare, etc. Therefore, the current legal system may not effectively accept and support in various rural development policies and projects at all. This study tried to figure out the necessity of reorganization related legal system through the field survey to planners, residents and analysts regarding the correlation between legal systems and projects. For these reasons, this study tried to find out the problem of current legal system and then, suggested alternative methods related to the legal system for integrated rural development. The scope of the study is as follows; 1)correlation analysis between relevant laws and rural development projects. 2)field survey to figure out the legitimacy and validity for the reorganization of the legal system. At last the result of the research has suggested an alternative method to reorganize the legal system and proposed the new legal system with is good for integrated rural development.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.1666-1673
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• 2017

Republic of Korea is divided into South Korea and North Korea, creating military conflicts and social conflicts. North Korea is conducting cyberattacks against South Korea and has hacked South Korea's defense network. In the world of cyberspace, the boundaries of the borders are becoming obscured, and cyberattacks and cyberterrorism for cyberwarfare operate with digital computing connected to points, time and space. Agenda and manual are needed for national cybersecurity. Also, it is necessary to study national cybersecurity laws and policies that can create and implement nationalcyber security policy. This paper investigates cyberterrorism situation in North and South Korean confrontation situation and damage to cyberwarfare in the world. We also study cybersecurity activities and cyberwarfare response agendas, manuals and new technologies at home and abroad. And propose national cybersecurity policy and propose policies so that '(tentative) The National Cybersecurity Law' is established. This study will be used as basic data of national cybersecurity law and policy.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.30 no.5 s.112
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• pp.274-279
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• 2005

Impact is one of the major cause of damage to fruits druing varios processes from the production on the farm to the consumer. The tissue of fruits are ruptured in a very short period time less than 10ms by impact loading. Mechanical behavior of fruits under impact loading can be analyzed better with high speed sampling data acquisition system and one of them is a digital storage oscilloscope. A impact test system was developed to test the physical properties of fruits including apple, pear, and peach which may lead to a better understanding of the physical laws. The test system consisted of a digital storage oscilloscope and simple mechanism which can apply impact force to fresh produce. Rupture force, energy, and deffrmation were measured at the five levels of drop heights from 4 to 24cm fur each internal and external tissues. Rupture forces for apple and pear were in the range of 72.9 to 87.7 N and 70.8 to 84.1 N for external and internal tissues, respectively. Rupture forces far peach external tissues were in the range of 43.4 to 65.0 N.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.157-173
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• 2022

In South Korea, the history of the qualifications has been matured with industry development. Since National Technical Qualifications Act was enacted in 1973, the government makes an effort to develop the ability for improving socioeconomic status and the contribution of qualifications to industry. As the industry has been diversified and globalized, the government has efficiently and systematically operating the qualification by enacting Framework Act on Qualifications in 1997. And then, the qualifications are classified into national qualifications, private qualifications, and foreign qualifications. However, it is hard for national qualifications to abolish or establish a qualification by each organization and the privileged license acquisitors as the qualifications are separately operated by the laws and the organizations and lack consistency. For private qualifications, it is harder to organize even by the government because of the entry barriers by each qualification association. For those reasons, it is necessary to organize the system adapted in the changing job market and operated by the organization managing the qualification system with consistency. This research indicates the inefficiency of the qualification system because the work-study parallelism National qualification system, enacted in 2020, is like the qualification system in business in terms of the general operating system and the operator, except the institute and the law related. Therefore, we analyze the work-study parallelism National qualification system and the qualification system in business and suggest the efficient method to operate and the future research plan regarding the whole qualification system.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.73-82
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• 2011

Most of countries start to restrict the emission gases of vehicles especially CO2 because of the global warming. Many vehicle companies including Toyota have launched various HEVs to satisfy the restriction laws and to improve the vehicle's efficiency. However, development for heavy-duty hybrid system is not plentiful rather than the passenger car. In this study, we choose the optimal size of engine, motor and battery for heavy-duty hybrid systems using dynamic programming. Also we analyze the correlation of the system's cost and efficiency because the added cost of vehicle to make the hybrid system is very important factor for the manufacturing companies. Finally, this study suggests a method to choose the appropriate system components size considering its performance and the cost. With this method, it is possible to select the component size for various systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.106-114
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• 2020

The two major trends that have emerged in recent years in relation to disaster recovery and recovery are 'regional infrastructure', 'regional leadership' and 'community recovery'. In the former case, it is to avoid disaster recovery and recovery by using external personnel and resources, and to maximize the resources in the area under the initiative of the residents of the affected area. And through this process, it is to prepare a new growth engine for disaster-affected areas. In addition, the latter expands disaster recovery targets to the general population living in affected areas and is not limited to victims. Through this, we can expect to recover the 'community' beyond the individual's recovery. In the Ansan of Gyeonggi-do, where many families of 'Sewolho' live, and in the Heunghae-eup of Pohang, Gyeongbuk-do, where the damage was severe, projects are underway to restore communities. And In these areas local activists and civic groups are actively utilized to efforts are being made to increase efficiency. Nevertheless, in the case of the community recovery program being promoted in Korea, there are limitations that it can be promoted only on the basis of special laws and that participation of various actors is necessary. This study intends to propose the limitations of current projects and ways to solve them by analyzing domestic and foreign cases related to the community recovery program for disaster-affected communities using local resources. we suggest two way. One is the relaxation of the national dependence of the community recovery program, and the other is to expand the area of disaster relief through.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.309-316
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the residential environment and accessibility of rehabilitation for cerebral palsy (CP) to identify the problems with residential laws pertaining to the disabled and provide basic data on the health legislation for the rights of the disabled. Materials and Methods: The literature was searched using three keywords: residence, rehabilitation, and accessibility. Two items were selected: residential environment and rehabilitation accessibility. The questionnaire included 51 items; 24 were scored using a Likert scale and 27 were in the form of multiple-choice questions. Results: This study included 100 subjects, of which 93 lived at home and seven lived in a facility. Of these 93 subjects, 65% were living in apartments, usually two or more floors above ground, and 40% of them were living without elevators. According to the Gross Motor Function Classification System, subjects with I to III belonged to the ambulatory group and IV, V were in the non-ambulatory group. Subjects from both groups who lived at home found it most difficult to visit the rehabilitation center by themselves. In contrast, among those who lived at the facility, the ambulatory group found it most difficult to leave the facility alone, while the non-ambulatory group found it most difficult to use the toilet alone. Moreover, 83% of respondents thought that rehabilitation was necessary for CP. On the other hand, 33% are receiving rehabilitation services. Rehabilitation was performed for an average of 3.6 sessions per week, 39 minutes per session. Conclusion: There is no law that ensures secure and convenient access of CP to higher levels. Laws on access routes to enter rooms are insufficient. The disabled people's law and the disabled person's health law will be implemented in December 2017. It is necessary to enact laws that actually reflect the difficulties of people with disabilities. Based on the results of this study, an investigation of the housing and rehabilitation of patients with CP through a large-scale questionnaire will necessary.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to reveal the circumstances under which the cases of harm to health caused by humidifier disinfectant were neglected and show the points where the number of victims and the degree of damage could have been reduced. In addition, it attempts to describe how damage management proceeded immediately after the incident and actually exacerbated the damage. Finally, it explores the unfortunate aspects of the recent trial. By doing so, it attempts to take this as an opportunity to consider whether a tragic event such as the humidifier disinfectant incident could occur in the future. Methods: This study collected and analyzed data on chemical material characteristics related to humidifier disinfectants, data on health effect characteristics, data on related laws and regulations from the Ministry of Environment, data related to the damage investigation by the Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute, and current contents. Results: The lack of related systems and laws is the area where the greatest responsibility for the cause of the humidifier disinfectant disaster falls, so it is difficult for the government to escape this responsibility. Establishing a dedicated department to identify the prevalence of certain diseases within the functions of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service to monitor health can greatly contribute to the prevention and management of diseases through early detection and management of group outbreaks caused by harmful factors. Humidifier disinfectant damage relief should have been expanded earlier beyond HDLI (humidifier disinfectant lung injury) to include non-specific diseases such as asthma, pneumonia, and interstitial pneumonia. The scope of relief benefits should have also been expanded earlier to include the payment of disability benefits. Fortunately, with the 2020 revision of the Special Act, the conditions for estimating causal relations were eased and individual screening systems such as health impact assessment were reorganized along with the introduction of a rapid screening system. Conclusions: The management system for chemical substances in a country is clearly of paramount importance, and the ministry in charge must have a response system in case of damage to health effects. Administration that looks at the victims' situation from their point of view is needed, and technical countermeasures are required to quickly recognize the prevalence of certain diseases.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.455-464
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• 2020

Objectives: The distribution of hospitals in Korea is unbalanced in terms of accessibility. Many local public health centers (PHCs) exempt out-of-pocket payments (OOPs) based on local government laws to increase coverage. However, this varies across administrative regions, as many make this exemption for the elderly, while others do not. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the OOP exemption at local PHCs among elderly individuals. Methods: This study used online data on Korean national law to gather information on individual local governments' regulations regarding OOP exemptions. Individual-level data were gathered from the 2018 Community Health Survey and regional-level data from public online sources. Results: The study analyzed 132 regions and 44 918 elderly people. A statistical analysis of rate differences and 2-level multiple logistic regression were carried out. The rate difference according to whether elderly individuals resided in areas with the OOP exemption was 1.97%p (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 2.88) for PHC utilization, 1.37%p (95% CI, 0.67 to 2.08) for hypertension treatment, and 2.19%p (95% CI, 0.63 to 3.74) for diabetes treatment. The regression analysis showed that OOP exemption had an effect on hypertension treatment, with a fixed-effect odds ratio of 1.25 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.48). Conclusions: The OOP exemption at PHCs can affect medical utilization in Korea, especially for hypertension treatment. The OOP exemption should be expanded to improve healthcare utilization in Korea.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.3-10
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• 2013

Cyber attacks are threats to national security. Today, cybersecurity threats have various types, the theft or spread of privacy and national secret, the realization of direct attacks to infrastructure and the hacktivism with political or social objectives. Furthermore, There are special situations in South Korea because of North Korea's threats. Thus, It is necessary to handle cybersecurity as a kind of national security problem. It is a time to identify problems of governance system in cybersecurity and to improve related Acts and subordinate statutes. There are several tasks for legal improvement for governance system in cybersecurity. They are improving legal bases for the roles of the relevant authorities in cybersecurity, consolidating national joint response to cyber accidents, establishing and vitalizing information sharing system, constructing foundation of cybersecurity through industry promotion and manpower development, and acquiring defensive tools by enhancement research an development. In order to address these challenges, it is necessary to pay much attention to enactment and to revision laws and to practice legislative procedure.