• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sensory stimulation conducted by primiparas on mother-infant interaction, maternal self-esteem and infant temperament. Method: A non-equivalent control group post-test study design was used. The data were collected from December 1, 2001 to March 30, 2003. The participants were 39 primiparas with normal birth weight infants. They were divided into two groups, 20 mothers in the intervention group and 19 in the control group. The mothers in the intervention group were given instruction on sensory stimulation by the researcher, and the mothers, in turn, used this technique on their infants twice a day during the first 2 months of life. Both groups were measured for maternal self-esteem and infant temperament using the maternal self-report inventory (MSRI) and What My Baby Is Like (WBL) and a film was made of the feeding situation when each infant was between 8 and 10 weeks of age. Results: Compared to the control group, the experimental group had significantly higher scores in mother-infant interaction, maternal self-concept and infant temperament. Conclusion: This suggests that sensory stimulation conducted by primiparas may improve the mother-infant interaction, maternal self-esteem and infant temperament.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.119-127
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the degree of perceived health status, depression and quality of life(QOL) and to examine the relationships among these factors in breast cancer survivors. Methods: The subjects were 105 women with mastectomy after breast cancer diagnosis who were in the out-patient department of surgery at SNUH in Seoul. Data was collected using self-report instruments. The instruments included 1-item for perceived health status, Chae and Choe's QOL scale for Korean breast cancer survivors, and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) as well as socio-demographic and medical information. Data were analyzed with SPSS WIN 10.0 program. Results: The levels of perceived health status and QOL were moderate. Mild depression was found on the BDI. QOL and depression showed a negative correlation(r= -.598), whereas QOL and perceived health status was correlated positively(r=.370). Depression, perceived health status, and time since diagnosis accounted for 47.4% of variance of the QOL. Depression was the most significant predictor of QOL in breast cancer survivors. Conclusion: Breast cancer survivors may experience depression and alteration in QOL. Future nursing research should be directed toward the implementation and evaluation of interventions that promote QOL and decrease depression in breast cancer survivors.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.148-155
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare symptom severity and the impact of presence of depressive and/or anxiety symptoms among patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods: One hundred and fifteen patients diagnosed with HNC completed two questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Head and Neck Cancer (MDASI-HN). Results: Of the total sample, 55.6% reported depressive symptoms and 33% reported anxiety symptoms. Patients who reported either depressive or anxiety symptoms also had significantly more severe symptoms. The most severe symptom was dry mouth. Participants who were depressed reported that interference in the enjoyment of life due to symptoms was the most distressing whereas participants with anxiety reported symptom interference in work was of most concern. Of patients reporting moderate to severe symptoms, more than 60% reported depressive symptoms. Of patients reporting moderate to severe feelings of being distress and feeling sad, more than 70% reported anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: Patients with HNC reporting moderate to severe symptoms also report depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. The results suggest the need to develop an integrated nursing intervention of both physical and emotional symptoms for patients with HNC.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of bullying victimization on depressive symptoms in adolescents, and to determine how depression depends on resilience. Methods : A total of 4,160 students were recruited, from middle and high schools in Goheung, Yeosu, and the Jangheung area of Jeollanam-do Province. All participants completed self-report questionnaires, that included demographic variables, the Beck Depression inventory (BDI) the School Bullying Self-Rating Questionnaire (SBSRQ), and the Resilience Test (RT). Results : Prevalence of depression was 30.3%. A total of 220 (5.3%) students were evaluated likely to be bullied and 45 (1.1%) students were evaluated very likely to be bullied. Depressive symptoms positively correlated with bullying victimization. Depressive symptoms and resilience, bullying victimization and resilience negatively correlated. Results from regression analyses indicated that, while controlling for a range of demographic variables, resilience moderated the association between bullying victimization and depressive symptoms. Conclusion : Based on the results, professionals must consider resilience for treatment to reduce depression in adolescents of bullying victimization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.17-28
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• 2022

We evaluated the effect of CO₂ offsetting by estimating changes in carbon uptake under various forest management scenarios and proposed forest management strategies to achieve carbon neutrality. Paju and Goseong, which have relatively large forest areas but different industrial characteristics, were selected for the study sites. The current state of forest distribution was analyzed using forest type maps and aerial photographs, and the amount of carbon uptake was calculated using the equation presented by the IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and the national emission/absorption coefficients from the Korea National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report. As of 2015, the forest carbon absorption in Paju and Goseong was 49,931 t/yr and 94,225 t/yr, respectively, and the annual carbon absorption per unit area was 2.28 t/ha/yr and 2.16 t/ha/yr. Under the forest management scenarios, the annual maximum carbon absorption per unit area is estimated to increase to 5.68 t/ha/yr in Paju and 4.22 t/ha/yr in Goseong, and this absorption would increase further if urban forests were additionally created. Even if the current forests of Paju and Goseong are maintained as they are, emissions from electricity use can be sufficiently offset. However, by applying appropriate forest management strategies, emissions from sectors other than electricity use could be offset. This study can be applied to the establishment of carbon absorption strategies in the forest sector to achieve carbon neutrality.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.149-162
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• 2006

Objectives : This study examined psychopathology, abuse history and the relation of them in sheltered runaway adolescents. The purpose is to investigate characteristics of adolescents who are in shelters according to abuse type and then to offer basic data which are needed in establishing comprehensive protection policy for runaway adolescents. Methods : One hundred twenty eighty adolescents who stay in the runaway shelters were asked to complete self-report questionnaires including basic sociodemographic data, Korean Youth Self Report (K-YSR), Minnestota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and then examined the correlation of psychopathology and abuse in runaway adolescents. Results : In abused runaway adolescents, social performance scale of K-YSR was higher than school performance sealer and among scales of behavioral problem syndrome delinquent scale was highest. Scales of behavioral problem syndrome showed relatively significant correlation with abuse history. In MMPI scale of psychopathic deviate scale was highest, social introversion showed significant correlation with emotional abuse, and psychopathic deviate and hypomania showed significant correlation with physical abuse, neglect and sexual abuse. In SCL-90-R somatization scale was highest. Scales of somatization, hostility, and paranoid ideation scale were significantly high in adolescents with emotional abuse and neglect history, and scores of anxiety and depression scale were significantly high in sexually abused adolescents. Conclusion : Runaway adolescents who had abuse experience showed significantly higher level of psychopathology than general adolescents and there were various interrelations between them according to the presence and the type of abuse. More precise psychiatric evaluation and detailed treatment intervention for runaway adolescents are needed.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.172-180
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• 2022

Objectives : This study reports a 61-year-old man with sudden hearing loss and tinnitus whose symptoms improved remarkably after treatment with Korean medicine. Methods : The patient was treated with herbal medicine(gamisoyo-san, samul-tang gagambang, gongjindan, and yukmijihwang-hwan), acupuncture and moxibustion. Puretone audiometry(PTA), speech audiometry(SA), Korean tinnitus handicap inventory(K-THI), patient self-report, numeric rating scale(NRS) 11, and review of system(ROS) were performed. Results : After a month of treatment, PTA was improved from profound to mild and audiometric findings were improved in speech reception threshold and word recognition score. After 2 months of treatment, K-THI decreased from 92 to 28 and NRS 11 score decreased more than 6 in every item. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that Korean medicine could be effective sudden hearing loss and tinnitus.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.203-217
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• 2024

The Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector of the National Greenhouse Gas Inventory is crucial for obtaining data on carbon sinks, necessitating accurate estimations. This study analyzes cases of countries applying the LULUCF sector at the Tier 3 level to propose enhanced methodologies for carbon sink estimation. In nations like Japan and Western Europe, satellite spatial information such as SPOT, Landsat, and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)is used alongside national statistical data to estimate LULUCF. However, in Korea, the lack of land use change data and the absence of integrated management by category, measurement is predominantly conducted at the Tier 1 level, except for certain forest areas. In this study, Space-borne LiDAR Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) was used to calculate forest canopy heights based on Relative Height 100 (RH100) in the cities of Icheon, Gwangju, and Yeoju in Gyeonggi Province, Korea. These canopy heights were compared with the 1:5,000 scale forest maps used for the National Inventory Report in Korea. The GEDI data showed a maximum canopy height of 29.44 meters (m) in Gwangju, contrasting with the forest type maps that reported heights up to 34 m in Gwangju and parts of Icheon, and a minimum of 2 m in Icheon. Additionally, this study utilized Ordinary Least Squares(OLS)regression analysis to compare GEDI RH100 data with forest stand heights at the eup-myeon-dong level using ArcGIS, revealing Standard Deviations (SDs)ranging from -1.4 to 2.5, indicating significant regional variability. Areas where forest stand heights were higher than GEDI measurements showed greater variability, whereas locations with lower tree heights from forest type maps demonstrated lower SDs. The discrepancies between GEDI and actual measurements suggest the potential for improving height estimations through the application of high-resolution remote sensing techniques. To enhance future assessments of forest biomass and carbon storage at the Tier 3 level, high-resolution, reliable data are essential. These findings underscore the urgent need for integrating high-resolution, spatially explicit LiDAR data to enhance the accuracy of carbon sink calculations in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.550-557
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depression among school girls in Korea and identify factors influencing the tendency to depression. Methods: A self-report survey was conducted with South Korean middle schoolgirls who were in the 8th and 9th grades. Four hundred and one schoolgirls were included in the study. The instruments utilized in this study were the Center for Epidemiologic Studies - Depression Scale and Social Problem Solving Inventory-Revised. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple logistic regression with SPSS WIN 14.0 program. Results: The average depression score of the participants was 20.68, which indicates moderate levels of depression. About 35% of the schoolgirls in this study reported a tendency to depression. Significant predictors for depression were 'decreased problem-solving abilities', 'no family members with whom they can discuss their concern', 'decreased satisfaction in relationship with friends', and 'increased negative self-perception of body-image'. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that schoolgirls require special concern regarding the risk of developing depression. Regular depression screening could be beneficial for early detection of depression in schoolgirls and enhancing problem-solving ability could be considered as an effective strategy to reduce the risk of depression among schoolgirls.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.159-169
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• 2009

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the difference of brain activities in viewing a common emotional situation according to perspective-taking. Methods : Using fMRI, brain activities were measured while performing the task viewing a common emotional situation on either self-perspective or third-person perspective in fourteen healthy men. The relatively activated brain areas on each perspective were investigated, then the relationship between the activated brain regions and the scores of self report about some emotion or empathic ability were explored. Results : The relatively activated brain areas on self-perspective were bilateral paracentral lobule(BA 5), right postcentral gyrus(BA 3), right precentral gyrus(BA 4), left superior temporal gyrus(BA 22), left medial frontal gyrus(BA 6), whereas on third-person perspective right inferior frontal gyrus(BA 47), left caudate body and tail, right superior temporal gyrus(BA 38), right medial frontal gyrus(BA 8) were activated. The relative activity of left superior temporal gyrus on self-perspective was positively correlated with the score of Beck Depression Inventory. Conclusion : This study demonstrated that the activated brain region according to perspective-taking were different while viewing a common emotional situation. The depressive feeling would have an influence on the brain activity related to perspective-taking.