• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2014

Multiple cropping system is an important agricultural system in Korea, which is significant to increase forage yield and promote agricultural economic development. This experiment was carried out to develop triple cropping systems (winter cereals crop for forage - silage corn - summer oats) for maximum year-around forage production at paddy field in southern region. We also to select a winter forage crop to determine corn planting time, and to examine the forage productivity and feed value of summer cultivated oat, which was planted after corn cultivation. When winter cereal crops for forages are harvested in accordance with and corn planter, the fresh yield and dry matter yield of rye were 32.0 ton/ha and 5.8 ton/ha, respectively, showing higher yielding compared to other winter crops. Corn silage as summer crop was showed the fresh yield and dry matter yield of 72.1 ton/ha and 20.2 ton/ha, respectively. In the feed value, crude protein and TDN contents were 7.4% and 69.3%, respectively. They was showed higher productivity and feed value. The heading date of High-speed oat was October 10, and its fresh yield and dry matter yield were 37.6 ton/ha and 8.0 ton/ha, respectively. As a feed value, crude protein and TDN content was 11.4% and 59.1%, respectively. Therefore, triple cropping systems for the production of forage all throughout the year are possible with the introduction of summer oats in the southern region, and rye could be the most suitable winter forage crops for triple cropping systems.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2010

In this study, the anti-oxidant, anti-tumorigenic, anti-hypertensive, anti-thrombic, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties of 18 different species of genus Pleurotus were investigated. In addition, the amino acid, $\beta$-glucan, and polyphenol content were also measured. All species contained more than 20 mg% of polyphenol with the highest contents found in Pleurotus cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus (yellow pleurotus) ($39.13{\pm}0.82\;mg%$). The $\beta$-glucan contents was also the highest in yellow Pleurotus ($37.67{\pm}0.22%$) followed by Won-Hyeong1 (C, $28.75{\pm}0.61%$) and Jang-an PK (A, $27.95{\pm}0.33%$). The yellow Pleurotus exhibited the highest antioxidant activity as assessed by the DPPH scavenging rate with an $IC_{50}$ value of $2.94{\pm}0.44\;mg/mL$. Ethanol extracts from the yellow Pleurotus treated at 1% concentration showed cytotoxic activity up to 36.9% in the human embryonic kidney 293T cell lines. The yellow Pleurotus also showed the highest inhibitory effects on ACE activity ($60.52{\pm}0.2%$). Finally, the yellow Pleurotus exhibited anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties as shown by inhibition of $\alpha$-amyloglucosidase activity ($50.5{\pm}0.8%$) and nitric oxide production ($68.4{\pm}0.3%$). Taken together, our data indicate the yellow pleurotus is a promising functional food ingredients.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.614-629
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• 2001

As the information-intensive society in 21c based on the environment of global internet is promoted, the software is getting more large and complex, and the demand for the software is increasing briskly. So, it becomes an important issue in academic and industrial field to activate reuse by developing and exchanging the standardized component. Currently, the information services as a product type of each company are provided in foreign market place for reusing a commercial component, but the components which are serviced in each market place are different, insufficient and unstandardized. That is, construction for Component Data Registry based on ISO 11179, is not accomplished. Hence, the national government has stepped up the plan for sending out public component at 2001. Therefore, the systems as a tool for sharing and exchange of data, have to support the meta-information of standardized component. In this paper, we will propose the C_MDR system: a tool to register and manage the standardized meta-information, based upon ISO 11179, for the commercialized common component. The purpose of this system is to systemically share and exchange the data in chain of acceleration of reusing the component. So, we will show the platform of specification for the component meta-information, then define the meta-information according to this platform, also represent the meta-information using XML for enhancing the interoperability of information with other system. Moreover, we will show that three-layered expression make modeling to be simple and understandable. The implementation of this system is to construct a prototype system of the component meta-information through the internet on www, this system uses ASP as a development language and RDBMS Oracle for PC. Thus, we may expect the standardization of the exchanged component metadata, and be able to apply to the exchanged reuse tool.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.2951-2957
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• 2015

The development of worldwide harmful algal blooms(HAB) is a serious problem for public health and fisheries industries. To evaluate the algicidal impact on the HAB species, algicide thiazolidinedione derivative (TD49) and yellow clay were examined, which is focus on assess the algicidal effects and inhibition to photosynthesis of HAB species. To obtain the detailed information, we analyzed the viability of target species related to activity Chl. a, photosynthetic efficiency($F_v/F_m$), and electron transport rate(ETR). Culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the algicidal effects of three harmful species(raphidophyceae Heterosigma akashiwo, Chattonella marina, and dinophyceae Heterocapsa circularisquama) and one non-harmful species (cryptophyceae Rhodomonas salina). Our experiments revealed that three HAB species were easily destroyed of the cell walls after TD49 dosing. Also, they had significantly reducing values of active Chl. a, $F_v/F_m$, and ETR, due to the damage of photosystem II by inter-cellular disturbance. As a result, the algicidal effect(%) for the three HABs were as follows, in the order of greatest to the least: H. circularisquama> C. marina> H. akashiwo. However, the algicidal effect for yellow clay remained to be <30% (p>0.01), implying that it may not have damaged the photosystem II. On the other hand, non-HAB R. salina was promoted at both TD49 and yellow clay treatments. Our results demonstrated that the TD49 is a good agent for the control of HABs H. akashiwo, C. marina, and H. circularisquama, whereas the yellow clay would not be suitable for the field application based on our experimental results.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.192-200
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• 2017

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to analyze visitors' food needs and identify the Push-Pull factor in Jeonju Hanok Village. Methods: A questionnaire was developed based on previous research to survey Korean adults who visited Jeonju city. A total of 580 questionnaires were used for the analysis. Results: Most of the subjects who visited Jeonju Hanok Village had food purchase experiences in Jeonju Hanok Village (96.4%). 'Traditional Korean food (26.5%)' was the most purchased food, followed by 'foreign food (25.8%)' and 'Korean food combined with foreign food (16.8%)'. Satisfaction of food purchases (3.35 points) was higher than average. The primary reason for satisfaction was 'the food is delicious (23.0%)', and the reason for dissatisfaction was 'the food is expensive (48.1%)'. In the push and pull factor analysis for identifying visit motivation, 'local food seeking', 'experience seeking', 'relaxation seeking', and 'friendship seeking' were push factors while 'traditional culture', 'facility convenience', 'experience activity', and 'food experience' were pull factors. There was a significant correlation between the push and pull factors. Regression analysis showed that all push factors influenced satisfaction. However, among pull factors, only 'food experience' and 'traditional culture' influenced satisfaction. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study indicates that food-related factors are destination characteristics (Pull factor) influencing intrinsic visit motivation (Push factor) and satisfaction. It is necessary to develop various food tourism products to satisfy visitors' needs and continuous visits in Jeonju Hanok Village. This study suggests the importance of research on food factors and provides useful basic data to establish positioning strategies for food cultural development in Jeonju Hanok Village.

• Development and Reproduction
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2001

Recently many studies have reported that total and bioavailable androgens reduced in male and female athletes and that physical exercise reduces the body weight and increases the reproductive abnormalities such as oligomenorrhea, anovulation, inadequate luteal phase, and delayed puberty in women by the inhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis . In addition, high mileage endurance 겨nning, psychological stress, and military endurance training in men also reduce the secretion of reproductive hormones. To investigate the efffcts of physical endurance exercise on the secretion of reproductive hormones in men, androgenic hormones from adrenal glands and testis were measured in serum by the conventional radioimmunoassays after long-term (more than3 months), short-term (1 week), and acute (1${sim}$2 hours) physical exercises. Androgenic hormones from adrenal glands and testis such as total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (fT), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and androstenedione (A) decreased after thesestrenuous endurance trainings, whereas ACTH, cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfetes (DHEAS) increased. Conadotropins (LH and FSH) were not idluenced by the physical exercises. Based upon the present results, we assume that the decrease in adrenal and testicular androgens by physical endurance exercises might be associated with the reproductive abnormalities in athletes by unknown factor(s) in addition to the HPG axis disturbance.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.307-316
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• 2010

Complex terrain refers to irregular surface properties of the earth that influence gradients in climate, lateral transfer of materials, landscape distribution in soils properties, habitat selection of organisms, and via human preferences, the patterning in development of land use. Complex terrain of mountainous areas represents ca. 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface; and such regions provide fresh water to at least half of humankind. Most major river systems originate in such terrain, and their resources are often associated with socio-economic competition and political disputes. The goals of the TERRECO-IRTG focus on building a bridge between ecosystem understanding in complex terrain and spatial assessments of ecosystem performance with respect to derived ecosystem services. More specifically, a coordinated assessment framework will be developed from landscape to regional scale applications to quantify trade-offs and will be applied to determine how shifts in climate and land use in complex terrain influence naturally derived ecosystem services. Within the scope of TERRECO, the abiotic and biotic studies of water yield and quality, production and biodiversity, soil processing of materials and trace gas emissions in complex terrain are merged. There is a need to quantitatively understand 1) the ecosystem services derived in regions of complex terrain, 2) the process regulation occurred to maintain those services, and 3) the sensitivities defining thresholds critical in stability of these systems. The TERRECO-IRTG is dedicated to joint study of ecosystems in complex terrain from landscape to regional scales. Our objectives are to reveal the spatial patterns in driving variables of essential ecosystem processes involved in ecosystem services of complex terrain region and hence, to evaluate the resulting ecosystem services, and further to provide new tools for understanding and managing such areas.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.385-391
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• 2012

The growth of terminal shoots of persimmon (Diospyros kaki) was analyzed during the first two months from the time of bud sprout to understand the dynamics of their early growth. Field-grown, mature 'Fuyu' and 'Nishimurawase' trees were used in a three-year study at two locations in Gyeongnam province. The growth of terminal shoots was most active from late April, about 10 days after foliation, to early May, followed by a gradual decline by late May. The increase in leaf area continued unabated throughout May. The weight of a flower bud increased slowly until early May and rapidly after flowering. Although its extension growth had been ceased by late May, dry weight (DW) of a terminal shoot continued to increase almost linearly throughout May due to shoot thickening and continued growth of leaves and fruits. In late May, the leaves and the stem accounted for more than 60% and less than 20% of total DW of a shoot respectively; fruit proportion increased to 7 to 17% by then. Relative growth rate (RGR) of the terminal shoot was higher than 213 $mg{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}d^{-1}$ in late April, but declined to less than 63 $mg{\cdot}g^{-1}{\cdot}d^{-1}$ in late May. Like the pattern of seasonal changes in RGR, net assimilation rate (NAR) of the shoots decreased from 1.9 to 2 $mg{\cdot}cm^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$ to 0.5 to 0.8 $mg{\cdot}cm^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$. An early-season 'Nishimurawase' did not differ from a late-season 'Fuyu' in RGR and NAR during the first two months of growth. The early growth of the shoots was affected mainly by the reserves redistributed from permanent organs, however, environmental conditions at the time was also involved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.347-357
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• 2003

This paper describes on the suppression of sea clutter on marine radar display using a cell-averaging CFAR(constant false alarm rate) technique, and on the analysis of radar echo signal data in relation to the estimation of ARPA functions and the detection of the shadow effect in clutter returns. The echo signal was measured using a X -band radar, that is located on the Pukyong National University, with a horizontal beamwidth of $$3.9^{\circ}$$, a vertical beamwidth of $20^{\circ}$, pulsewidth of $0.8 {\mu}s$ and a transmitted peak power of 4 ㎾ The suppression performance of sea clutter was investigated for the probability of false alarm between $l0-^0.25;and; 10^-1.0$. Also the performance of cell averaging CFAR was compared with that of ideal fixed threshold. The motion vectors and trajectory of ships was extracted and the shadow effect in clutter returns was analyzed. The results obtained are summarized as follows；1. The ARPA plotting results and motion vectors for acquired targets extracted by analyzing the echo signal data were displayed on the PC based radar system and the continuous trajectory of ships was tracked in real time. 2. To suppress the sea clutter under noisy environment, a cell averaging CFAR processor having total CFAR window of 47 samples(20+20 reference cells, 3+3 guard cells and the cell under test) was designed. On a particular data set acquired at Suyong Man, Busan, Korea, when the probability of false alarm applied to the designed cell averaging CFAR processor was 10$^{-0}$.75/ the suppression performance of radar clutter was significantly improved. The results obtained suggest that the designed cell averaging CFAR processor was very effective in uniform clutter environments. 3. It is concluded that the cell averaging CF AR may be able to give a considerable improvement in suppression performance of uniform sea clutter compared to the ideal fixed threshold. 4. The effective height of target, that was estimated by analyzing the shadow effect in clutter returns for a number of range bins behind the target as seen from the radar antenna, was approximately 1.2 m and the information for this height can be used to extract the shape parameter of tracked target..

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2016

Black chokeberries (scientific name Aronia melanocarpa) have been reported to have major effects due to anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer capabilities. In this study, we investigated the anti- wrinkle effects of A. melanocarpa, including collagenase inhibition effects and their molecular biological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, and activator protein (AP)-1 expression and/or phosphorylation. In collagenase inhibition activity, the ethyl acetate fraction of black chokeberry (AE) was 77.2% at a concentration of 500 μg/ml, which was a significant result compared to that of Epigallocatechin gallate (positive control, 83.9% in 500 μg/ml). In the reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, the AE produced 78% of ROS in 10 μg/ml and 70% of ROS in 75 μg/ml, which was a much lower percentage than the ROS production of H₂O₂-induced CCRF S-180II cells. In the MTT assay, cell viability was increased dose-dependently with AE in H₂O₂-induced cells. In protein expression by western blot assay, the AE suppressed the expression and phosphorylation of MMPs (MMP-1, -3, -9), MAPK (ERK, JNK, and p38), and AP-1 (c-Fos and c-Jun), and expressed the pro-collagen type I in H₂O₂-induced cells. These results suggest that black chokeberries have anti-wrinkle and collagen-production effects, and they may be used in applications for material development in the functional food and cosmetic industries.