• Title/Summary/Keyword: National Control Points

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A Review Study on the Treatment of Postpartum Depression in Traditional Chinese Medicine (산후 우울증 치료에 대한 중의학의 최근 임상연구 동향)

  • Kim, Moon-Jeong;Lee, Jong-Nam;Hong, Jin-Man;Lim, Jung-Hwa;Seong, Woo-Yong
    • Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.179-190
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This study was performed to review the research trends regarding the treatment of Postpartum Depression (P.P.D) in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Methods: We searched articles in CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) from 2004 to 2013. Search key words were "产后抑郁症", "Postpartum Depression", and we selected 27 studies except for non-clinical studies, insufficient number of studies, unrelated studies and tests on animals. Results: We selected 27 articles with following results: 1) One study of Jadad Quality Assessment Scale score showed 3 points, 4 studies showed 2 points and 22 studies showed less than 1 point. Overall, the quality of the studies was low. 2) DSM - IV was frequently used as a diagnostic criteria and HAMD was mostly used as evaluation criteria. Diagnostic criteria and evaluation criteria were the same in HAMD and EPDS. 3) In TCM, there are various ways, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, electro acupuncture, auricular acupuncture and/or massage to treat the postpartum depression. 4) The roots of Bupleurum falcatum Linne, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Angelica gigas Nakai and Paeonia lactiflora Pall, the rhizome of Atractylodis macrocephala Koidz, the semen of Zizyphus jujuba Mill, the radix of Curcuma aromatica Salisb, the sclerotium of Poria cocos Wolf and the rhizomas of Cyperus rotundus L and of Cnidium officinale Makino are mainly used in the herbal medicine. BaekHoi (GV20) and Yindang (Ex-HN3) are mainly used in acupuncture points. 5) Most of the studies showed effective results. Some of the results were similar to those of the control groups which were cured by western medicine. Other results were better than those of control groups. Conclusions: Research on postpartum depression has been actively conducted in TCM and all studies showed effective results in the study group patients. Therefore, with this study, we hope to activate more clinical research on the treatment of patients in Korean traditional medicine.

Accuracy Analysis of GNSS-derived Orthometric Heights on the Leveling Loop Disconnected Area

  • Jung, Sung Chae;Kwon, Jay Hyoun;Lee, Jisun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2018
  • To compensate for the shortcomings of spirit leveling, research on the determination of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System)-derived orthometric height has been actively carried out. However, most analyses were primarily performed inland. In this study, the influences of the arrangement of control points, observation duration, and geoid model on the accuracy of the GNSS-derived orthometric height have been analyzed to suggest the proper method to apply the determination of GNSS-derived orthometric height to the leveling loop disconnected area. As a result, it was found that two known points located near the unknown points need to be fixed in the leveling loop disconnected area. Further, 3 cm level of accuracy can be achieved if the GNSS survey is performed over two days, for four hours per day. In terms of the geoid model, the latest national geoid model should be applied rather than the EGM08 (Earth Gravitational Model 2008) to minimize regional bias and increase accuracy. Future research is necessary to apply the determination of the GNSS-derived orthometric height technique as a method to connect with the islands because the vertical reference system used inland and that used for the islands in Korea are still different.

The effectiveness of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation training in elementary students (일부 초등학생의 심폐소생술교육의 효과)

  • Kim, Hee-Jung;Choi, Eun-Sook
    • The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.51-66
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: With a view to providing basic data to develop cardiopulmonary resuscitation education suitable for elementary students, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation education was conducted to grasp students' knowledge, skills accuracy and the attitude change before and after the education. Methods: Convenience sampling was made on fourth and fifth graders(total-35 students) of S elementary school located in K city, Chungcheongnam-do, and this was a pre-experiment research designed before and after choosing a single group. In terms of methods, specifically we, researchers ; 1) Handed out questionnaires to students directly to make them fill in firsthand and collected the questionnaires. 2) Utilized PPT materials based on 2005 AHA guideline and DVD materials of AHA, to give students theoretical education of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We used Anne/SkillReporter(R)(R) torso produced by Leardal Inc, and Little Anne to conduct practical education individually. 3) Asked students to give Anne/SkillReporter(R)(R) torso cardiopulmonary resuscitation five times with the ratio of 30 : 2, and then one of researchers filled in the evaluation sheet individually. 4) Evaluated the accuracy of students' ability to perform the resuscitation based on the record of Anne/SkillReporter(R)(R) integrated printer(which was the objective tool to grasp students' skills accuracy). 5) Gave out questionnaires to make students fill them in and then collected them. after completing the practical evaluation. Results: 1) In case of the attitude about cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Students' confidency rose from 19.28%(before the education) to 93.57(after the education)- which is a positive change. 2) As the result of the education, some elementary students scored 11 points (full score-16 points), up from 5 points before the education, in terms of the knowledge about cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The average point also reached 13.14 points(after the education), jump from 8.37(before the education), which was the rise of 29.8%. 3) When it comes to the practical performance, the skills accuracy was 80.93% on average, and the calculation method was as follows: total items were 16, and each item was marked form 0 to 2 points, meaning the full score was 32 points. The minimum score was 19 points and the maximum was 32(M±SD=25.90±2.88M±SD=25.90±2.88), which was calculated based on percentage. 4) Regarding skills accuracy, respiration accuracy(%)(M±SD=30.20±27.16M±SD=30.20±27.16) was higher than pressure accuracy(%) (M±SD=15.34±25.27M±SD=15.34±25.27). Conclusion: The result showed that students' attitude on cardiopulmonary resuscitation changed positively. and meaningful difference(p = .00) existed in the change of students' knowledge. In terms of skills accuracy. chest compression and airway control showed high accuracy, but the result of Anne/SkillReporter(R)(R) performance showed that the accuracy of chest compression was lower than that of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

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Knowledge and Performance Level of Infection Control Guidelines on Indwelling Urinary Catheter, Central Venous Catheter and Ventilator Among Intensive Care Nurses (중환자실 간호사의 유치도뇨관, 중심정맥관 및 인공호흡기 감염관리에 대한 지식과 수행도)

  • Ha, Hyun-Jung;Park, Jung-Ha;Kim, Myung-Hee
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.113-120
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study is to identify the knowledge of and adherence to the infection control guidelines for indwelling urinary catheters, central venous catheters and ventilators among intensive care nurses. The subjects were 175 intensive care nurses working in 2 upper general hospitals and 3 general hospitals. Data were collected from July 1 to July 31, 2013. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA using SPSS 18.0 for Windows. The mean scores of the knowledge of the infection control guidelines on indwelling urinary catheters, central venous catheters and ventilators were 0.87, 0.82 and 0.82 points, respectively. The average scores for the adherence to the infection control guidelines for indwelling urinary catheters, central venous catheters and ventilators were 4.18, 4.04 and 4.07 points, respectively. Statistically significant correlations were found between the knowledge of and adherence to the infection control guidelines for indwelling urinary catheters (r=.72, p<.00), central venous catheters (r=.54, p<.001) and ventilators (r=.30, p<.001). The knowledge of and adherence to the infection control guidelines for indwelling urinary catheters differed significantly according to gender, educational status, total career, number of patients, type of hospital, and attendance of seminar. The knowledge of and adherence to the infection control guidelines for central venous catheters differed significantly according to educational status, total career, number of patients, type of hospital, and attendance of seminar. The knowledge level of the infection control guidelines for the ventilator differed significantly according to the total career. The results of this study indicate that education and training programs for improving the knowledge of adherence to the infection control guidelines should be developed.

An Investigation on Densification by Modified Weighted Station Approach (가중측점망 조정법의 적용에 관한 연구)

  • Baick, Eun Kee;Lee, Young Jin
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.133-141
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    • 1991
  • The empirical method is used to integration adjustment for the coordinates revision of a national control point but the existing values are not to be changed or changed with small variation by suitable datum selection (for example, fixed points). This paper treats the modified weighted station parameter adjustment by quasi-observations, and the method used only variance elements of existing coordinates which is substituted for all covariance elements. The movement detection of unstable points and the junction adjustment of new networks are successfully executed by the method, in integration of new secondary networks to old-secondary-triangulation points which are in the absence of the original observations in Korea. The investigation results reveal that the accuracy of old-secondary-triangulation points is ±16(±0.08m), which results from the densification of test network and the analyses of old survey specifications. and is ±2.3 in fixing of old-secondary-triangulation points.

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오행침자법(五行鍼刺法) 원리 및 임상응용에 관한 연구 - I 원리에 관한 연구

  • Ahn, Chang-Beohm;Jang, Kyung-Jun;Yoon, Hyun-Min;Kim, Cheol-Hong;Min, Young-Kwang;Moon, Hyuck-Chol;Koo, Sung-Tae
    • Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.17-31
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    • 2008
  • Objective: To review the theoretic basis of the Sa-Ahm 5 Element acupuncture devised about 360 years ago, papers and books were researched. Methods: Total of 59 books and papers ranging from ancient Huang Di nei jing to modern Bio Medical Acupuncture for Pain Management were researched to study the basic theory of it in relation to the 5 Shu points, Results: Gao-mu in Chinese Ming dynasty, for the 1st time, had used 5 Shu points based on creation cycle as tonification and sedation treatment respectively and named it as 'tonification and sedation treatment of self meridian' but since then, this method, without special reasons, has been rarely used until Sa-Ahm's new doctrine that include the concept of destruction cycle was asserted. Conclusions: Sa-Ahm 5 Element acupuncture is a method which uses 5 Shu points from the viewpoints of simultaneous tonification and sedation methods which are based on promotion and control cycles. Though it is nowadays mostly-used method in accordance with practitioner's points, it needs to be set guidelines by which to effectively practice Sa-Ahm acupuncture.

Factors influencing oral health status of immigrant women in multi-cultural families (다문화 이주여성의 구강건강상태에 영향을 미치는 요인)

  • Lee, Jong-Hwa;Choi, Mi-Sook;Jang, Young-Ho
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.145-153
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    • 2017
  • Objectives: This paper aimed to contribute to better oral disease prevention and practice of health behavior for immigrant women in multi-cultural families, to define missing and filled permanent teeth index of immigrant women, data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was used. Methods: For the immigrant women to be subjects, they needed to be born overseas, had acquired Korean citizenship as a married immigrant women, and the estimate of the number of subjects was 133,093 women. For analyzing data, SPSS 21statistical program was used. We used covariance analysis (ANCOVA) andgeneral linear models for finding the relation with the missing and filled permanent teeth index. The significance level was 0.05. Results: DMFT-index of immigrant women was 7.33 points. R2 was 0.416; and increased with age, and R2 was 0.126 points higher (p<0.01). In household income, 'lower' was 5.933 points lower than 'upper' (p<0.05), and in toothbrushing after lunch, 'yes' was 3.598 points lower than 'no' (p<0.01). In preventive treatment, 'yes' was 4.301 points lower than 'no' (p<0.05). Conclusions: The result of this paper is as follows: for maintaining oral health of immigrant women, we think that the government needs to develop an oral health policy and a customized education system suited to immigrant women for preventive management of dental disease in immigrant women. In addition, basic data will be provided for public dental health programs based on the result of the study.

Matching Points Extraction Between Optical and TIR Images by Using SURF and Local Phase Correlation (SURF와 지역적 위상 상관도를 활용한 광학 및 열적외선 영상 간 정합쌍 추출)

  • Han, You Kyung;Choi, Jae Wan
    • Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 2015
  • Various satellite sensors having ranges of the visible, infrared, and thermal wavelengths have been launched due to the improvement of hardware technologies of satellite sensors development. According to the development of satellite sensors with various wavelength ranges, the fusion and integration of multisensor images are proceeded. Image matching process is an essential step for the application of multisensor images. Some algorithms, such as SIFT and SURF, have been proposed to co-register satellite images. However, when the existing algorithms are applied to extract matching points between optical and thermal images, high accuracy of co-registration might not be guaranteed because these images have difference spectral and spatial characteristics. In this paper, location of control points in a reference image is extracted by SURF, and then, location of their corresponding pairs is estimated from the correlation of the local similarity. In the case of local similarity, phase correlation method, which is based on fourier transformation, is applied. In the experiments by simulated, Landsat-8, and ASTER datasets, the proposed algorithm could extract reliable matching points compared to the existing SURF-based method.

Spinal Hemangiopericytoma Which Needed Intraoperative Embolization due to Unexpected Bleeding

  • Lee, Chang-Hyun;Kim, Ki-Jeong;Jahng, Tae-Ahn;Kim, Hyun-Jib
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.253-256
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    • 2013
  • Spinal intradural hemangiopericytoma is a very rare tumor and can be characterized by massive bleeding during surgeries, frequent recurrence, and metastasis. However, definite radiologic differential points of hemangiopericytoma are not known. We describe an unexpected hemangiopericytoma case with large bleeding and management of the tumor. A 21-year-old man visited complaining of progressive neck pain and tingling sensation in both hands. Magnetic resonance imaging of his spine revealed C1-2 ventral intradural mass. When the dura was opened, the intradural tumor was placed behind spinal accessary nerves. The tumor was partially exposed only after some accessary nerves had been cut. When internal debulking was performing, unexpected bleeding was noted and it was difficult to control because of narrow surgical field and hypervascularity. Intraoperative spinal angiography and embolization were performed. The tumor was completely removed after embolization. Pathological diagnosis was consistent with hemangiopericytoma. When surgeons meet a flesh-red tumor that bleeds unexpectedly during surgery, hemangiopericytoma may be considered. When feeder control is hard due to reciprocal location of spinal cord, the tumor, and feeders, intraoperative angiography and embolization may be a possible option.

Problem on the Governing Body of National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives (NFFC) - from the perspective of the Honorary Office of NFFC President - (수산업협동조합중앙회장의 명예직화에서 본 지배구조의 문제점)

  • Jeon, Hyeong-Soo
    • The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.97-112
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    • 2009
  • The amendment of regulation affecting the Governing Body of NFFC (National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives) has been known to the public in May 2008. Its essential points are as follow: 1) the President of NFFC shall be a non-standing officer. 2) the Full-Time Directors shall have the authority to deal with all subjects except for those especially reserved for the General Meeting or Board of Directors, while minimizing the authority of NFFC President. By providing this amendment, the government seeks to make the Governing body becomes professionalized and the management functions carried out by full-time professional board members. However, the amendment seems to pay no attention to the co-operative's identity and principles. In this context, five issues will be discussed: 1) Strengthening the separation between ownership and control of NFFC. 2) Weakening the authority of General Meeting. 3) The bounds of Audit Committee. 4) Consolidating the management control of the Full-Time Directors. 5) The loss of NFFC's Identity, followed by a summary and conclusion.

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