• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.341-351
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• 2019

Background: Standing biomass, litter production, rate of litter decomposition, amount of litter on forest floor, and amount of soil organic carbon distribution were investigated from March 2016 to November 2018 in order to evaluate the ecosystem value through organic carbon distribution in the Pinus densiflora forest at Namsan, Seoul Metropolitan City. Results: The amount of organic carbon in the Pinus densiflora forest was 261.09 ton C ha^-1 during the research period, and fixed organic carbon in plant through net photosynthesis was 3.2 ton C ha^-1 year^-1. The organic carbon in plant was 62.77 ton C ha^-1 (24.04%), in litter on the forest floor was 3.65 ton C ha^-1 (1.40%), and in soil was 194.67 ton C ha^-1 (74.56%). The value of plant, litter on forest floor, and soil organic carbon distribution were each 6,277,000 won ha^-1, 365, 000 won ha^-1, and 19,467,000 won ha^-1. The value per ton of fixed organic carbon in plant through net photosynthesis was 320,000 won ha^-1 year^-1 and the value of ecosystem services stored in carbon in the Namsan forest ecosystem was about 26.1 million won ha^-1 for 3 years. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the pine forests of Namsan rapidly decompose leaves due to the high atmospheric temperature and accumulate a large amount of organic carbon in the soil to provide climate control regulatory service function.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2021

Background: The sunfleck is an important light environmental factor for plants that live under the shade of trees. Currently, the smartfarm has a system that can artificially create these sunfleks. Therefore, it was intended to find optimal light conditions by measuring and analyzing photosynthetic responses of Eutrema japonica (Miq.) Koidz., a plant living in shade with high economic value under artificial sunflecks. Results: For this purpose, we used LED pulsed light as the simulated sunflecks and set the light frequency levels of six chambers to 20 Hz, 60 Hz, 180 Hz, 540 Hz, 1620 Hz, and 4860 Hz of a pulsed LED grow system in a plant factory and the duty ratio of the all chambers was set to 30%, 50%, and 70% every 2 weeks. We measured the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and substomatal CO2 partial pressure of E. japonica under each light condition. We also calculated the results of measurement, A/Ci, and water use efficiency. According to our results, the photosynthetic rate was not different among different duty ratios, the transpiration rate was higher at the duty ratio of 70% than 30% and 50%, and stomatal conductance was higher at 50% and 70% than at 30%. In addition, the substomatal CO2 partial pressure was higher at the duty ratio of 50% than 30% and 70%, and A/Ci was higher at 30% than 50% and 70%. Water use efficiency was higher at 30% and 50% than at 70%. While the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance generally tended to become higher as the frequency level decreased, other physiological items did not change with different frequency levels. Conclusions: Our results showed that 30% and 50% duty ratios could be better in the cultivation of E. japonica due to suffering from water stress as well as light stress in environments with the 70% duty ratio by decreasing water use efficiency. These results suggest that E. japonica is adapted under the light environment with nature sunflecks around 30-50% duty ratio and low light frequency around 20 Hz.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.156-163
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• 2008

This study was to introduce a methodology of ecological health assessment for efficient management and to provide some diagnostic results of the survey. We evaluated ecological health assessment at five sampling locations of Sikjang Mountainous Stream using the index of biological integrity (IBI) and Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index (QHEI) during May - October 2006. The health condition, based on the IBI model, averaged 32 and varied from 27 to 37 depending on the sampling sites. Thus, the stream health was judged as "good" to "fair" conditions. IBI values showed slight differences between upstream and downstream sites. Whereas, QHEI values varied from 75 (fair condition) to 196 (excellent condition) and QHEI at St. 4~5, indicating the downstream reach had significantly lower than the headwater site (St.1). Regression analyses also showed that QHEI values had a linear decrease from the headwater to downstream. This result indicated that habitat quality was rapidly degradated by human influence. Overall, data of IBI and QHEI suggested that the stream health was maintained well in the present but the habitat and biological quality were partially degradated in the downstream. So, the human interference should be minimized to protect the downstream environment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2018

Earlier taxonomic studies of Korean Scutellaria reported a new record of Scutellaria hastifolia L. in Korea based on three herbarium sheets. During a reexamination of these specimens, we found that the leaf characters of these specimens differ from those in the type specimen of S. hastifolia. Based on a literature survey and confirmation of the type specimen, the specimens identified as S. hastifolia thus far were a misidentification of S. barbata D. Don. S. hastifolia is clearly different from S. barbata by single conspicuous teeth on both sides of the leaf margins and larger leaves. In addition to the distribution sites of the three specimens used in the previous study, a distribution site of the S. barbata was newly found in the southern part of Korea. In this study, we report a new distribution of S. barbata in Korea, correct a previous report of S. hastifolia, describe the morphological characters of S. barbata, and suggest a taxonomic key to Korean Scutellaria including S. barbata.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.534-550
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• 2021

During a survey of fungal diversity associated with insects, mud, soil, and freshwater niches in different areas in Korea, nine interesting fungal strains were isolated. Based on their morphological characteristics and molecular phylogeny analyses, using a combined data set of b-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), and second largest subunit of RNA polymerase (RPB2) sequences, the strains CNUFC AM-44, CNUFC JCW3-4, CNUFC S708, CNUFC WT202, CNUFC AS1-29, CNUFC JCW3-5, CNUFC JDP37, and CNUFC JDP62 were identified as Aspergillus alabamensis, A. floridensis, A. subversicolor, Penicillium flavigenum, P. laevigatum, P. lenticrescens, Talaromyces adpressus, and T. beijingensis, respectively. The strain CNUFC JT1301 belongs to series Westlingiorum in section Citrina and is phylogenetically related to P. manginii. However, slow growth when cultivated on CYA, MEA, CREA is observed and the property can be used to easily distinguish the new species from these species. Additionally, P. manginii is known to produce sclerotia, while CNUFC JT1301 strain does not. Herein, the new fungal species is proposed as P. aquadulcis sp. nov. Eight species, A. alabamensis, A. floridensis, A. subversicolor, P. flavigenum, P. laevigatum, P. lenticrescens, T. adpressus, and T. beijingensis, have not been previously reported in Korea. The present study expands the known distribution of fungal species belonging to the families Aspergillaceae and Trichocomaceae in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.157-165
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• 2016

Objectives There were previous studies which indicated that attitude toward suicide is able to influence the suicide outcome in both individual and group levels. In regard to the highest suicide rate in Korea, our study aims to explore the influence that attitude toward suicide has on suicide by comparing the national attitude towards suicide with a representative sample of the general population. Methods The target population was 20- to 59-year-old adults from South Korea, Japan, and the United States. The panel data were divided according to gender, age, and residential area of individuals, and an email with a hyperlink to our web survey was sent to the randomly selected participants in each stratum. To measure the perceptual differences about suicide in different cultures, this study adopted the Attitudes Toward Suicide questionnaire. Results A total of 2247 subjects in three countries participated in this study. According to results from factor analysis, there were different structure of factors and included items within factors in the three countries : five factors with nineteen items in South Korea, five factors with nineteen items in the United States, and five factors with twenty-five items in Japan. With regard to permissive attitude toward suicide, the mean value of permissiveness was not significantly different among countries, but permissiveness according to education level, gender, and marital status was different in each country. Conclusions This study is the first nationwide comparative study about attitude toward suicide with a representative sample. Our findings suggest that permissive attitude toward suicide influence the suicide phenomenon in each country ; however, its impact is not a mean score of permissiveness, but the detailed difference by various demographics.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.237-240
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• 2017

During a scientific survey of Korean isopod fauna, we discovered two marine isopods, Limnoria segnoides Menzies, 1957 and Munna japonica Shimomura and Mawatari, 2001, which are new records to South Korea. Limnoria segnoides and M. japonica were collected by SCUBA diving from the subtidal zone of Jeju Island and Yangyang-gun in South Korea, respectively. In this paper, we provide diagnosis and illustrations of the two isopods. Additionally, we provide GenBank accession numbers of partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) of two species.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.262-268
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between health behaviors and musculoskeletal disease in adults. Methods: The data of 7,421 adults applied in this study were collected from health behaviors (smoking, drinking, exercise, weight, sleeping, stress) and related with musculoskeletal disease form 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Date were collected through self-report questionnaires from January to December, 2009. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, Multivariate logistic regression with SPSS/WIN 17.0. Results: The prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disease was 30.6%. In multivariate analyses, the sex, age, BMI, stress and education were statistically strongly associated with most of musculoskeletal disease among adults. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that musculoskeletal disease prevention and nursing intervention programs should be necessarily established and continuously managed in order to treat with the musculoskeletal disease.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.70-76
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the influence of chronotype and self-efficacy on drinking problem in undergraduate students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the 177 undergraduate students in D, G, and K city in 2017. The data was analyzed for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: Chronotype (${\beta}=-.31$, p< .001), self-efficacy (${\beta}=27$, p< .001) and religion (${\beta}=-.19$, p= .005) were identified as the factors influencing drinking problem in the subjects. The model explained 19% of variance in drinking problem (F= 11.36, p< .001). Conclusion: It is necessary to develop and apply a program that would consider chronotype and self-efficacy factors to reduce the drinking problem in undergraduate students.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2023

The genus Rhogadopsis Brethes, 1913 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Opiinae), which mostly parasitizes mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae), has been considered to subgenus in the genus Opius Wesmael, 1835. However, according to having the derived wing venation and forming a monophyletic clade, the genus Rhogadopsis is elevated to generic rank. As results of faunal survey in Yeoseo-do, Jeonnam, South Korea, the male specimen of Rhogadosis obliqua were collected by sweeping. Diagnosis, description, distribution and diagnostic illustration of Rhogadopsis obliqua are provided.