• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.699-704
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• 2014

Themetastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) oncogene hasbeen suggested to be involved in the regulation of cancer progression. However, there is still no direct evidence that MTA1 regulates cisplatin (CDDP) resistance, as well as cancer stem cell properties. In this study, we found that MTA1 was enriched in CNE1/CDDP cells. Knock down of MTA1 in CNE1/CDDP cells reversed CSCs properties and CDDP resistance. However, ectopic expression of MTA1 in CNE1 cells induced CSCs phenotypes and CDDP insensitivity. Interestingly, ectopic overexpression of MTA1-induced CSCs properties and CDDP resistance were reversed in CNE1 cells after inhibition of PI3K/Akt by LY294002. In addition, MTA1 expression and Akt activity in CNE1/CDDP cells was much higher than that in CNE1 cells. These results suggested that MTA1 may play a critical role in promoting CDDP resistance in NPC cells by regulatingcancer stem cell properties via thePI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Our findings suggested that MTA1 may be a potential target for overcoming CDDP resistance in NPC therapy.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2018

Background: We analyzed changes in the doses, structure volumes, and dose-volume histograms (DVHs) when data were transferred from one commercial treatment planning system (TPS) to another commercial TPS. Materials and Methods: A total of 22 volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for nasopharyngeal cancer were generated with the Eclipse system using 6-MV photon beams. The computed tomography (CT) images, dose distributions, and structure information, including the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs), were transferred from the Eclipse to the MRIdian system in digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) format. Thereafter, DVHs of the OARs and PTVs were generated in the MRIdian system. The structure volumes, dose distributions, and DVHs were compared between the MRIdian and Eclipse systems. Results and Discussion: The dose differences between the two systems were negligible (average matching ratio for every voxel with a 0.1% dose difference criterion = $100.0{\pm}0.0%$). However, the structure volumes significantly differed between the MRIdian and Eclipse systems (volume differences of $743.21{\pm}461.91%$ for the optic chiasm and $8.98{\pm}1.98%$ for the PTV). Compared to the Eclipse system, the MRIdian system generally overestimated the structure volumes (all, p < 0.001). The DVHs that were plotted using the relative structure volumes exhibited small differences between the MRIdian and Eclipse systems. In contrast, the DVHs that were plotted using the absolute structure volumes showed large differences between the two TPSs. Conclusion: DVH interpretation between two TPSs should be performed using DVHs plotted with the absolute dose and absolute volume, rather than the relative values.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권6호
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• pp.350-353
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• 2010

Here we report the first fatality caused by H1N1 influenza virus infection with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Korea. A 55-year-old man presented at our emergency department with dyspnea, fever, diffuse myalgia and malaise. Bilateral lung air-space consolidation was detected on his initial chest radiograph combined with severe hypoxemia. He was supported by mechanical ventilation and treated with antibiotics. A nasopharyngeal aspirate was positive for influenza A rapid antigen and oseltamivir was started on day 3 of admission. The nasal swab sample was positive for influenza H1N1 virus by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Despite aggressive treatment, he had refractory hypoxemia and uncontrolled septic shock. On day 5 of admission he went into cardiac arrest and expired.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2009

구개열이 있으면 언어장애 음식섭취의 어려움, 구개범장근의 기능장애로 인한 이관의 개폐기능부전으로 중이의 액체고임, 부정교합등 여러 문제가 생길 수 있다. 따라서 구개성형술은 갈라진 경구개와 연구개를 막아주며 동적인 연구개를 만들어 주어 충분한 구개인두폐쇄를 하여 정상적 발음을 하는데 그 목표가 있다. 그 외에도 음식물을 정상적으로 섭취할 수 있고 중이염 및 난청을 일으킬 수 있는 기능을 개선시키고 정상적인 교합을 만들어주는데 있다. 위의 목표를 이루기 위해 지금까지 많은 수술 방법이 개발되었고 개선되어 왔다. 하지만 아직도 가장 효과적인 수술방법, 수술시기에 대하여 논쟁거리가 되고있다. 언어를 분명하게 하려면 연구개는 인두벽에 닿기 위해 후상방으로 올라가고 인두의 후벽과 측벽은 올라온 연구개에 닿으려고 수축함으로써 비인두와 구인두 사이의 공간이 좁아지게 됨으로써 가능하다. 따라서 발음이 정확하려면 비인두괄약(nasopharyngeal sphincter)을 합리적으로 만들어주어 비인두와 구인두를 분리해 주어야 한다. 비인두괄약을 조성해 주는 방법에는 구개범거근이 괄약기능을 할수 있도록 연구개내근성형술(intravelar veloplasty)을 시행하여 양편구개범거근을 횡위로 옮겨 연결하여 올림근 걸이(levator muscle sling)을 만드는 방법, 구개 연조직을 후방으로 밀어 구개 길이를 연장하는 방법, 인두 피판술을 하는 방법등이 있다. 구개범거근의 주행방향과 부착이 잘못되어 있는 것으로, 정상에서는 구개범거근이 횡으로 주행하여 연구개의 정중봉선(median raphe)에 부착하는 데 반해 구개열에서는 구개범거근이 전방으로 주행하여 개열 가까이에 있는 구개열 후연과 골선 개열연에 부착되어 있고 구개인두근과 구개수근이 연구개를 그냥 지나쳐직접 구개열 후연에 붙는다. 저자등은 완전 양측성 구개열을 연구개내근성형술 및 서골피판을 동반한 2개 점막성골막판을 이용한 구개성형술로 수술을 시행하여 다소의 지견을 얻었기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.470-473
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective case-control study was to survey the detection rate of respiratory viruses in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) by using multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and to investigate the clinical implications of the prevalence of respiratory viruses during the acute phase of KD. Methods: RT-PCR assays were carried out to screen for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus A and B, adenovirus, rhinovirus, parainfluenza viruses 1 to 4, influenza virus A and B, metapneumovirus, bocavirus, coronavirus OC43/229E and NL63, and enterovirus in nasopharyngeal secretions of 55 KD patients and 78 control subjects. Results: Virus detection rates in KD patients and control subjects were 32.7% and 30.8%, respectively (P=0.811). However, there was no significant association between the presence of any of the 15 viruses and the incidence of KD. Comparisons between the 18 patients with positive RT-PCR results and the other 37 KD patients revealed no significant differences in terms of clinical findings (including the prevalence of incomplete presentation of the disease) and coronary artery diameter. Conclusion: A positive RT-PCR for currently epidemic respiratory viruses should not be used as an evidence against the diagnosis of KD. These viruses were not associated with the incomplete presentation of KD and coronary artery dilatation.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.186-192
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• 2014

Purpose: The prevalence of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) has increased worldwide. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of MRMP in a tertiary hospital in Korea, and to find potential laboratory markers that could be used to predict the efficacy of macrolides in children with MRMP pneumonia. Methods: A total of 95 patients with M. pneumoniae pneumonia were enrolled in this study. Detection of MRMP was based on the results of specific point mutations in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene. The medical records of these patients were reviewed retrospectively and the clinical course and laboratory data were compared. Results: The proportion of patients with MRMP was 51.6% and all MRMP isolates had the A2063G point mutation. The MRMP group had longer hospital stay and febrile period after initiation of macrolides. The levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-18 in nasopharyngeal aspirate were significantly higher in patients who did not respond to macrolide treatment. CRP was the only significant factor in predicting the efficacy of macrolides in patients with MRMP pneumonia. The area under the curve for CRP was 0.69 in receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, indicating reasonable discriminative power, and the optimal cutoff value was 40.7 mg/L. Conclusion: The proportion of patients with MRMP was high, suggesting that the prevalence of MRMP is rising rapidly in Korea. Serum CRP could be a useful marker for predicting the efficacy of macrolides and helping clinicians make better clinical decisions in children with MRMP pneumonia.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 1993

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of tooth brushing, mouth gargling and gum chewing in reducing halitosis, 84 individuals ranging in age from 22 59 28 years old were examined. These individuals had no gross oral abnormalities, other than mild gingival inflammation, dental caries, nasopharyngeal disorder, or systemic diseases that were associated with halitosis. They were divided into a tooth brushing group, a mouth garging group, a gum chewing group and a control group that did not use any halitosis removing method. Each of the groups included 21 persons, B.B. Checker (Tokuyama Soda Col, LTDl, Japan) was used to measure the concentrations of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan of each group. The concentrations of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan were measured before and after lunch, and after removing halitosis by toothe brushing, mouth gargling and gum chewing. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The average concentration of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan before lunch was 1.79ppm and after lunch it was 2.02ppm, an increase of 12.9%. 2. In the tooth brushing group the average concentration of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan was 0.61ppm, in the mouth gargling group it was 1.15ppm, in the gum chewing group it was 1.64ppm and in the control group it was 1.92ppm. It decreased 69.5% in the tooth brushing group, 43.8% in the mouth gargling group, 18.4% in the gum chewing group and 5.4% in the control grop (p<0.05). 3. There were significant differences between the tooth brushing and control group, tooth brushing and gum chewing group and between mouth gargling and control group in concentrations of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan after using the halitosis removing methods (p<0.05). According to the above results, tooth brushig and mouth gargling are effective ways to reduce halitosis.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2017

Objectives: Any change in maxilla and mandible position can alter the upper airway, and any decrease in the upper airway can cause sleep disorders. Thus, it is necessary to assess airway changes after repositioning of the maxilla and mandible during orthognathic surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate linear and volumetric changes in the upper airway after bimaxillary surgery to correct class III malocclusion via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to identify correlations between linear and volumetric changes. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. CBCTs from 10 class III patients were evaluated before surgery and three months after. The Wilcoxon one-sample test was used to evaluate the differences in measurements before and after surgery. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to test the correlation between linear and volumetric changes. Results: The results show that the nasopharyngeal space increased significantly, and that this increase correlated with degree of maxillary advancement. No significant changes were found in volumes before and after surgery. A correlation was found between linear and volumetric oropharyngeal changes. Conclusion: Bimaxillary surgical correction of class III malocclusion did not cause statistically significant changes in the posterior airway space.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1983년도 제17차 학술대회연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.18.3-19
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• 1983

후비공 폐쇄는 협비막의 과열부전, 협인두막의 지속적 잔존, Olfactory pit의 발생시 불완전 등의 선천성 원인과, 매독디프테리아, 수술 후 또는 외상 등으로 오는 후천성으로 나눌 수 있으며 선천성인 경우에는 두부, 심장, 소화기 계통에 여러 가지 기형이 동반되기도 한다. Johann Roedere (1755년)은 이 질환의 예를 최초로 보고하였으며 Emmert (1853년)가 골성 폐쇄를 트로카를 이용하여 처음 수술을 시도한 이래 , 비강내, 구개, 상악동, 그리고 비중격을 통한 수술 방법이 제시되어 왔으나 이중 경주개 경유법이 술후 재협착 빈도가 가장 적고 또 수술시 폐쇄부의 확인이 용이하여 가장 널리 이용되고 있다. 저자들은 선천성 양측 부분적 골부 후비공 폐쇄를 보인 11세 남아와 선친성 우측 완전 골막부 후비공 폐쇄와 좌측 부분적 골막부 후비공 폐쇄와 좌측 부분적 골막부 후비공 폐쇄를 보인 9세 여아에서 경구개 경유법으로 치험하였기에 문헌적 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제67권5호
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• pp.409-412
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• 2009

Background: Several large outbreaks have demonstrated the threat of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in close-contact environments, such as occurs during training and quartering of military recruits training. In South Korea, which is a hospital or healthcare-associated MRSA prevalent area, military service is compulsory for all healthy young men. We surveyed and determined the extent of CA-MRSA colonization in the upper respiratory tracts of Korean military recruits. Methods: The Korean military recruits who were enrolled in a military training facility from November 2004 to March 2005 were eligible for this study. Sputum or nasopharyngeal swap was obtained from randomly selected subjects who displayed upper respiratory tract symptoms. Results: Of the 181 participants, 32 participants (17.7%) were colonized with S. aureus, and 12 participants (6.6%) were colonized with MRSA. Among the cases that were colonized with S. aureus, 37.5% (12/32) were colonized with MRSA. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed resistant patterns that were suggestive of the CA-MRSA strains for all of the MRSA isolates. Conclusion: This study of Korean military recruits found a great deal of showed MRSA colonization in them, and the antimicrobial resistant profile that was suggestive of a CA-MRSA strain. Further efforts to prevent the spread of MRSA infections and careful monitoring for CA-MRSA outbreaks are warranted, especially in a high risk group such as military recruits.