• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.414-422
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• 2018

Objective: Dietary nutrients may play a significant role in depressive disorders. However, sufficient evidences in epidemiological studies are limited. We investigated the cross-sectional association between dietary nutrients and the prevalence of depressive disorder in Korean adults using representative Korean data. Methods: Participants were 2,938 adults aged 19 ~ 64 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted in 2014. Dietary intakes were assessed using 24-h recall method. Depressive disorder was assessed using Patients Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9, self-depression test) as applied in 2014 KNHANES only. We defined depressive disorder as having a PHQ-9 score of ${\geq}10$, which was characterized as moderate depression and more. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the adjusted odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) of depressive disorder. Results: Among the 2,938 subjects, 170 were identified as having depressive disorder. The multivariate-adjusted regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of depression was significantly associated with riboflavin (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24-0.85, p for trend = 0.018), thiamin (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.23-0.99, p for trend = 0.045), and vitamin C (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34-0.95, p for trend = 0.025) in the highest versus lowest tertiles of intake. Conclusion: The high consumption of riboflavin, thiamin, and vitamin C was associated with the low prevalence of depressive disorder in Korean adults.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2009

For many years, intermaxillary fixation using arch bar has been operated in treatment of mandibular fracture patients. But it has many complications including injury of operators and assistants cause by wire, inflammation of periodontium. For that reasons alternatives are required; osteosynthesis technique using mini plate, intermaxillary fixation using IMF screws have been available. Treatment by arch bar fixation, however, is still valuable to treat craniomaxillary fracture patients. The purpose of this study is to know effect arch bar on periodontium and influence gingival gel on periodontium applied by arch bar. 40 mandibular fracture patients are monitored. 30 patients were applied by arch bar, 10 patients were not. And the former were classified by 3 categories; Nano vitamin and Mastic gel were applied to 10 patients respectively and any gingival gel was not used to 10 patients. Clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing and periodontal depth of each group were measured and compared before operation and on 2 weeks and 6 weeks after operation. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze result which leads to this conclusion. 1. Whether arch bar is applied or not, treatment of mandlbular fracture gave rise to gingivitis, but 6 weeks after operation, gingivitis is restored to the same level as the state before operation. 2. More severe gingivitis appeared when arch bar is applied to mandibular fracture than when it is not. 3. Both gingival gel used in this study can reduce gingivitis which can be caused by arch bar. 4. In this study, Mastic gel is more effective for prevent gingival inflammation cause by arch bar than nano vitamin. In regard to this result, gingivitis is considered to be available because it is reversible and does not induce periodontal disease. Gingival gel is regarded to be helpful for patients applied by arch bar to feel less discomfort.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.220-229
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• 2021

Lonicera caerulea (Honey berry, HB) has been used in medical treatment in Russia, Japan, China and Korea. It has high level of vitamin C and polyphenolics. Polyphenolics can improve anti-inflammatory effect and prevent cancer, diabetes mellitus type 2. Also, Vitamin C is a representative anti-oxidant. however, it is still unknown what effect it will have on the oxidation stress of the reproductive system. In previous studies, ROS can be produced when it is exposed to heat stress and has negative effect on sperm's maturation, capacitation, hyperactivation, acrosome reaction and fusion of egg and sperm. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the antioxidant effects of L. Caerulea on the sperm and mice. At first, it conducted using ICR mouse (n = 20) for 4 weeks. There are four groups of mice (n = 5 per group). Also, L. Caerulea was taken by oral gavage. Group I (control) kept at 23℃-27℃ and administer D.W (0.5 mL/day), Likewise, Group II (HB) kept at room temperature but gave HB (250 mg/kg, 0.5 mL/day), Group III (HB + HS) received heat stress (40℃) using hyperthermia induction chamber and gave HB at same dose. and Group IV (HS) exposed heat stress only. Mainly, we showed degree of gene expression using Western blot in SOD, HSP 70, 17β-HSD and Real-time PCR. It can find correlation between intracellular activity like steroid hormone, apoptosis under ROS and antioxidant activity of L. Caerulea.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.246-251
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of guavapyun after the addition of different ratios of extract (0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0%), non-extract and vitamin C. The quality if the pyun containing 0.5% of the guava fruit extract (guavapyun) and vitamin C was higher compared with the quality of the control pyun. In the results of the proximatecomposition, the content of water was high in the control pyun relative to the vitamin C pyun and guavapyun and the carbohydrate, ash, crude lipid and protein content was high in guavapyun. The sweetness, pH and color (L, a, b value) were very high in the samples. The texture, hardness, chewiness and gumminess were significantly high in the control pyun and the adhesiveness and cohesiveness were high in guavapyun. However, there were no significant differences in springiness between the control and the added samples. The total phenolic content was higher in guavapyun (23.57 mg GAE/100 g) than the control pyun (18 mg GAE/100 g) and vitamin C pyun(15.05 mg GAE/100 g). The antioxidant activities determined by the DPPH method and ABTS method was higher in guavapyun (41.37 mM TE/g, 15.35 mM TE/g) than the control pyun (4.43 mM TE/g, 2.17mM TE/g) and vitamin C pyun (11.33 mM TE/g, 4.51 mM TE/g). Using the FRAP method, guavapyun(9.06 mM TE/g) was shown to exhibit a stronger ferrous ion chelating activity than the control pyun (4.49mM TE/g) and vitamin C pyun (7.03 mM TE/g). Thus, the studied indigenous guavapyun was high in both antioxidative activity and total phenolic content.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2004

Nanofood is advanced functional food which food industry and food scientist try to develop process foods in near future. To be developed nanofood, nanofood materials are needed, such as biodegradable nanosphere material, biotechnical nanofood material, and protein and nanofood material. There are some food industrial applications with nanotechnology, such as nanoencapsulation, nanomolecule making, nanoparticle and powder making, nano separation, and nano extration. We can find several nanofoods and nanofood materials on the market. In addition, dairy industry is also in the first step for the development of nanofunctional food. However, nanoencapsulations of lactase, iron, vitamin C, isoflavone are developed for functional milk. Dairy industry needs various nanofood materials to be advanced functional dairy products.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.750-758
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• 2009

Smoking is associated with an increased incidence of numerous cancers and other degenerative diseases. It has been suggested that high consumption of fruits and vegetables may give some protection. Especially carrot is the most important source of dietary ${\beta}$-carotene. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate whether carrot juice supplementation to smokers have different or superior effect of compared to the effect supplementing purified ${\beta}$-carotene. The study was conducted in a randomized and placebo-controlled design, after a depletion period of 14 days, 48 smokers were supplemented either carrot juice (n = 18), purified ${\beta}$-carotene (n = 16) or placebo (n = 14). Each group was supplemented for 8 weeks with approximately 20.49 mg of ${\beta}$-carotene/day and 1.2 mg of vitamin C/day, as carrot juice (300 mL/day) or purified ${\beta}$-carotene (1 capsule/day). Plasma vitamin C, vitamin E and ${\beta}$-carotene level were significantly increased after carrot juice and ${\beta}$-carotene supplementation. These results suggest that carrot juice containing ${\beta}$-carotene or ${\beta}$-carotene itself have similar antioxidative potentials by increasing the antioxidant potential in smokers. Therefore, we suggest moderate dose of vitamin supplementation (amount of two servings of vegetable intake) may help to replenish the decreased oxidative stress levels in smokers.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.3 s.47
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• pp.307-311
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• 2004

In cosmetics industry, we notice that the research should be focused on developing well-being related products such as SPA, esthetique, mass-customization, organics, naturals besides inner beauty and body shaping products. These well-being related products should satisfy customers' expectation about not only concern about health but also safety, reliability, and ethos about products. In that context, the systematic way for well-being related research in cosmetics should be carried out concerning anti-aging with fat-decom-position, vitamin, polyphenol, and organics. At the same time, there are several important factors in this research like augmenting efficacy, controlling skin-absorbency, skin-adaptability, forming, stabilization of activated com-ponents, improving sustainability, and developing new materials based on dermatologic and emotional science. It should be also emphasized that recent technologies such as bio-technology, nano-technology, and natural-material-technology are the cornerstones of developing well-being products.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.561-565
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• 2008

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural glycosaminoglycan and is used widely in the pharmaceutical field. Lipoic acid (LA) helps the regeneration of exogenous and endogenous antioxidants such as Vitamin C and Vitamin E as well as glutathione. It also acts as antioxidant indirectly. Hydrophilic HA as a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer was conjugated with hydrophobic LA as an antioxidant to form the graft copolymer. The carboxyl group of HA was modified by adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH). The synthesis of HA-g-LA graft copolymers was characterized by FT-IR, $^1H$-NMR spectroscopy. The conjugates could form the self-assembled nanoparticles in aqueous solution. The particle size and critical aggregation concentration were verified to use the nanoparticle as a carrier fur the hydrophobic material.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.391-400
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• 2016

The aim of this study was conducted to investigate the proximate and nutritional compositions including mineral, vitamin, amino acids and fatty acids in Korean yam (Dioscorea batatas $D_{ECNE}.$). Carbohydrate (68.1%) possessed the large single constituent of yam. Small amounts of crude protein (16.9%), crude ash (5.8%) and crude fat (2.0%) contents were found. Yam was found to be good sources of essential minerals such as K (1295.5 mg/100 g), Mg (115.3 mg/100 g), Na (99.0 mg/100 g) and Ca (56.5 mg/100 g) but Zn (0.3 mg/100 g) content was low. Relatively abundant vitamin $B_1$ (11.5 mg/100g) could be observed while vitamin A, $B_3$ and $B_6$ were not found. The amino acid analysis revealed that the yam was superior with respect to glutamic acid (1770.6 mg%), lysine (1210.6 mg%) and urea (550.9 mg%). Essential amino acids were calculated to be 2954.5 mg%. The amino acid profiles showed that yam to be limiting in valine and leusine. Palmitic acid and linoleic acid were the most predominant fatty acids with the value of 31.5% and 41.5%, respectively. And the polyunsaturated fatty acids including linoleic acid and linolenic acid were present in a large quantities in yam. And it also contained higher amounts of unsaturated fatty acids compared saturated fatty acids.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.423-433
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• 2009

Folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ are essential cofactors for homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism. Homocysteinemia has been related with cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease. We examined the effect of folate and/or vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency on biomarkers of one carbon metabolism in blood, liver and brain, and analyzed the correlation between vitamin biomarkers in mild and moderate homocysteinemia. In this study, Sprague-Dawley male rats (5 groups, n = 10) were fed folatesufficient diet (FS), folate-deficient diet (FD) with 0 or 3 g homocystine (FSH and FDH), and folate-/vitamin $B_{12}$-deficient diet with 3 g homocystine (FDHCD) for 8 weeks. The FDH diet induced mild homocysteinemia (plasma Hcy 17.41 ${\pm}$ 1.94 nmol/mL) and the FDHCD diet induced moderate homocysteinemia (plasma Hcy 44.13 ${\pm}$ 2.65 nmol/mL), respectively. Although liver and brain folate levels were significantly lower compared with those values of rats fed FS or FSH (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 respectively), there were no significant differences in folate levels in liver and brain among the rats fed FD, FDH and FDHCD diet. However, rats fed FDHCD showed higher plasma folate levels (126.5 ${\pm}$ 9.6 nmol/L) compared with rats fed FD and FDH (21.1 ${\pm}$ 1.4 nmol/L, 22.0 ${\pm}$ 2.2 nmol/L)(p < 0.001), which is the feature of "ethyl-folate trap"by vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency. Plasma Hcy was correlated with hepatic folate (r = -0.641, p < 0.01) but not with plasma folate or brain folate in this experimental condition. However, as we eliminated FDHCD group during correlation test, plasma Hcy was correlated with plasma folate (r = -0.581, p < 0.01), hepatic folate (r = -0.684, p < 0.01) and brain folate (r = -0.321, p < 0.05). Hepatic S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) level was lower in rats fed FD, FDH and FDHCD than in rats fed FS and FSH (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 respectively) and hepatic S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) level was significantly higher in those groups. The SAH level in brain was also significantly increased in rats fed FDHCD (p < 0.05). However, brain SAM level was not affected by folate and/or vitamin $B_{12}$ deficiency. This result suggests that dietary folate- and vitamin B12-deficiency may inhibit methylation in brain by increasing SAH rather than decreasing SAM level, which may be closely associated with impaired cognitive function in nutritional homocysteinemia.