• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.161-173
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• 1997

Tuber of Aconitum chiisanense(Ranunculaceae) a specific medicinal plant in Korea, which is known to have the activity to recover reduced metabolism of feeble patients and has been used to symptoms such as pain, paralysis, atonia and coldness of extremities, etc. were studied. The powdered tubers of the plant were extracted with 10% EtOH 3 times and the combined extract was dissolved in 1N HCl solution and washed with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was basified with solid $Na_2CO_3$ and extracted with $CHCl_3$ to obtain an alkaloidal fraction. The alkaloidal fraction was subjected to column chromatography using silica gel, alumina and Sephdex LH 20, etc. From the alkaloidal fraction, five diterpene alkaloids, mesaconitine, aconitine, hypaconitine, 8-O-ethyl 14-benzoylmesaconine and talatizamine, were isolated and identified on the basis of their physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic evidences($^1H$-, $^{13}C$-NMR, EI-MS, IR, 2D-NMR) respectively. Especially the Compound IV, 8-O-ethyl 14-benzoylmesaconine, was assumed to be an artifact resulting from mesaconitine during extraction procedures. The contents of mesaconitine, aconitine and hypaconitine in the mother tuber of this plant were 0.300%, 0.024%, and 0.068%. And that of the attached tuber(new one) of this plant were 0.336%, 0.034% and 0.240% respectively.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.171-177
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• 2008

Objectives: This study presents a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography- pulsed amperometric detection(RP-HPLC-PAD) method for the determination of puerarin and daidzin in Puerariae Radix extract and Chinese medicinal preparations. Methods: Chromatographic separation was performed using a 10% acetonitrile with a reversed-phase column(Unison UK-C18, $100mm{\times}2.0mm$ I.D.; $3{\mu}m$). The analyses were detected by pulsed amperometric detector(PAD) in alkaline conditions by combining with post-column NaOH solution. Geniposide was used as an internal standard. Results: The limit of detection(S/N=3) and the limit of quantification(S/N=10) were 0.025 ng, 0.075 ng for puerarin, and 0.05 ng, 0.15 ng for daidzin, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precisions(RSDs) were less than 6.5% and average recoveries of puerarin were 99.7-101.3% and those of daidzin were 101.0-102.8%. Conclusions: According to above results, we developed a determination method for puerarin and daidzin in Puerariae Radix with high sensitivity and selectivitely.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.158-161
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• 2005

We have isolated fractions from Cordyceps militaris and Paecilomyces japonica and investigated their effects on the activity of rat liver cytosolic glucokinase, a key metabolic enzyme involved in carbohydrate metabolism. The dried powder of the C. militaris and P. japonica were successively extracted with ethanol and with 70% ethanol. The residue was exhaustively extracted with hot water. The extract was dialyzed against water, and to the non-dialyzable solution was added 2 volumes of ethanol. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation dispered in water, and lyophilized to afford fraction A. The residue after hot-water extraction was suspended in 5% sodium carbonate. The final residue was suspended in 5% NaOH. The alkaline suspension was purified in a similar manner as described above to afford fraction B. Hepatic glucokinase activities of the fraction A extracted from C. militaris and P. japonica were 371.4 and 379%, respectively. The fraction B was 314.2 and 147.4%. The activity of fraction B of C. militaris extracts was higher than that of P. japonica. Liver cytosolic glucokinase activity of rats fed normal diet supplemented with 0.1% C. militaris was 1316%. In conclusion, the present study has demonstrated that C. militaris extracts were able to prevent sudden postprandial peaks in blood glucose as a result of a marked increase in the liver cytosolic glucokinase activities.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.373-378
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• 1993

A rapid gas chromatographic profiling method for the simultaneous analysis of free fatty and other acids was applied to vegetable oils. Oil samples were dissolved in dichloromethane and the free acids were extracted with saturated $NaHCO_3$ solution. The aqueous extract was acidified and then loaded onto the Chromosorb P column for the extraction. The acids were eluted with diethyl ether selectively from Chromosorb P column and were treated with triethylamine to prevent the losses of volatile acids. Several long chain fatty acids were detected from soybean oil, rice-bran oil, sesame oil and perilla oil. Various organic acids including odd number fatty acids were detected in crude oil, especially sesame oil. Arachidic acid from perilla oil and vanillic acid from sesame oil, which were not reported before were detected. The content ratio of free linoleic acid to oleic acid was $1.02{\sim}1.18$, which was similar to the reported data. When the GC profile of organic acids were simplified to their corresponding retention index spectra of bar graphical forms, they presented characteristic pattern of each vegetable oil that can be quickly recognized.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1982

Carpophores of ten Korean strains of Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer, an antitumor polysaccharide producing fungus, were extracted with 0.1N NaOH solution. The extracts were dialized for seven days in distilled water and lyophilized to produce crude polysaccharide powders. Thus obtained crude polysaccharide samples were assayed for sugar contents by colorimetric method with anthrone reagent. Among ten strains examined Lentinus edododes-DMC7 was found to be the richest strain in polysaccharide content of carpophores. By shake culture experiment for biomass production, L. edodes-DMC7 was found to be the second most productive strain among seven strains examined. Cultural characteristics of L. edodes-DMC7 were investigated by shake culture method. The best result was obtained when L. edodes-DMC7 was cultured in the medium containing glucose 8g, starch 80g, yeast extract 12g, $KH_2PO_4\;0.87g,\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;O.5g,\;CaCl_2\;0.3g,\;FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;10mg\;ZnSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;4mg,\;CuSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O\;lmg,\;MnCl_2{\cdot}4H_2O\;7mg\;per\;11\;at\;28^{\circ}C$, 180 rpm, for 12 days. Thus thirty-three grams of dry mycelia was obtained per one liter of medium.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 1984

Two Fe-hydrous oxide A,B and one Al-hydroxide minerals were synthesized precipitating Fe $Cl_3$ and $AlCl_3$ with alkali solution(NaOH) at pH 6.0, 12.0 and 4.5 respectively, for precise understanding of physico-chemical and surface charge characteristics of soils in which these minerals are dominant. Identification of these final products, effect of free and amorphous materials on X-ray diffraction analysis, particle size distribution and surface change characterics of these minerals were performed. Fe-hydroxide A and B were identified as great deal of X-ray amorphous material and as goethite with large amount of X-ray amorphous material, respectively. Dehydration by oven at $105^{\circ}C$ of these minerals exhibited akaganeite peaks with low X-ray amorphous hump and pure goethite peaks for Fe-hydroxide A and B, respectively. Both minerals, however, turned into hematite upon firing at $550^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, Al-hydroxide identified as mixture of gibbsite and bayerite of around 7:3 ratio. Application of sodium dithionite and ammonium oxalate solutions for removal of free or amorphous Fe and Al from these minerals revealed that only peak intensities of Al-hydroxide system were enhanced upon Al-extraction by oxalate solution even though dithionite solution was much powerful to extract Fe from Fe-hydrous oxide systems. Original(wet) Fe-hydrous oxide A has the highest specific surface and surface charge development(negative and positive), and the greatest amount of less than $2{\mu}m$ sized particles. Specific surface and clay sized particles(less than $2{\mu}m$) of Fe-hydrous oxide A, however, were drastically reduced upon dehydration($P_2O_5$ and oven drying) compare to the rest minerals. The Z.P.C. of these synthetic minerals were 8.0-8.5, 7.5-8.0 and 5.5-6.0 for Fe-hydrous oxide A, B and Al-hydroxide, respectively.