• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.377-384
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• 2020

Banking is very regulated by the government and even has to follow regulations issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, which regulates banking in the world. According to Basel III, banks must provide capital reserves called capital buffers. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that determine capital buffer. Factors thought to affect the capital buffer studied consisted of profitability (ROA), credit risk (NPL), liquidity risk (LDR), capital adequacy in the previous period (CARt-1), management risk (NIM), and ratio of operating risk (OER). The population in this study is conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, as many as 42 banks, with a sample of 40 banks taken by purposive sampling method with an observation period of four years with quarterly data (2016-2019). To test the hypotheses, regression panel data is used. After being tested, it turns out that the fixed effect model is better than the common effect and random effect. The results of the study with fixed effect models show that ROA, NPL, and OER significantly and negatively affect capital buffer. CAR_t-1 has a positive and significant effect on capital buffer, while LDR and NIM do not affect capital buffer.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.359-369
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• 2018

A model has been developed to predict natural ventilation in a single zone building with large openings. This study first presents pressure-based equations on natural ventilation, that include the combined effect of wind and thermal buoyancy. Moreover, the concept of neutral pressure level(NPL) is introduced to consider the two-way flow through a large opening. The total pressure differences across the opening and the NPL are calculated, and nonlinear equations are solved to find the zonal pressure to satisfy mass conservation. For this analysis, an iterative technique of successively approximating the zonal pressure is used. The results of applying this study model to several simple cases are as follows. When there is no wind and only the stack effect is caused, a one-way flow occurs in both the top and bottom openings in the case of two openings of equal-area, and a one-way flow occurs in the top opening; however, a two-way flow occurs in the bottom opening in the case of two openings of unequal-area. When there is a wind effect, regardless of whether the outside air temperature is lower or higher than the indoor air temperature, air flows into the room through the bottom opening and out of the room through the top opening. As the wind velocity increases, the wind effect appears to be more influential than the stack effect owing to the temperature difference.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.345-346
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• 2007

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.44-50
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• 2016

W-대역 잡음온도 표준 확립에 필요한 잡음전력 수신기인 라디오미터를 제작하고, 성능을 평가하였다. 제작된 라디오미터를 사용하여 기준 상온 및 저온잡음원, 그리고 피측정잡음원의 잡음전력을 각각 측정하고, 라디오미터 식을 사용하여 피측정잡음원의 잡음온도를 구하였다. 결과에 대한 측정불확도를 평가하고, 국외 측정표준기관인 영국 NPL의 측정결과와 비교함으로써 측정의 유효성을 검증하였다. 확립된 W-대역 잡음온도 측정표준을 국내 산학연에 보급함으로써 자동차, 항공, 우주, 국방, 보안 등 다양한 분야의 잡음측정에 있어서 측정의 신뢰성을 높이는데 기여하게 될 것이다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.194-201
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• 2005

Since the necessity for the accurate measurement in the field of acoustics, vibration, and ultrasound was internationally increased, CCAUV (Consultative Committee for Acoustics , Ultrasound and Vibration) was created by the CIPM (International Committee for Weights and Measures) in 1998. One of the first activities of CCAUV is the key comparison on 1' standard microphones. The key comparison was done from April. 1999 to April. 2001 and 12 NMIs(National Metrology Institutes) including KRISS (Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) were participated. The pilot laboratory was the National Physical Laboratory(NPL). The traveling standards were two LSIP(Laboratory Standard 1' Pressure Type) microphones specified in IEC 61094-1 and the calibration frequency ranges covers from 63Hz to 8kHz. In this paper, the analyzed results in the final report were summarized.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1991.11a
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• pp.116-120
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• 1991

Technique of length measurement error is widely used in the accuracy assessment of CMMS(Coordinate measuring machines) and machine tools, as it is simple and direct measurement within the working volume of a machine. In this paper, a new method is proposed for the evaluation of the length measurement error in relation to the volumetric accuracy. lD, 2D, and 3D measuring lines are considered for recpective length measurement error: 1D, 2D, and 3D length measurement uncertainties are evaluated from volumetric accuracy. The relationship between the volumetric accuracy md length measurement error to is discussed. PC based system for length measurement error evaluation and simulation is developed.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.7-17
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• 2002

최근 급속도로 발전하고 있는 생체인식 분야는 상업적인 활성화와 이에 따른 사용자의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 서로 다른 생체인식 제품들의 상호호환성과 상호연동성을 고려하여 표준화된 생체인식 데이터 및 API에 대한 기술 개발을 하고 있다. 그리고, 사용자의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 생체인식 제품에 대한 성능 및 보안성 평가기술 개발을 위해 국내외에서 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 국외의 경우 ANSI, NIST, IBIA, EU, AfB, 등의 기관을 통해 생체인식 제품들에 대한 표준을 연구하고 있으며, BioAPI, BAPI, HA-API 등과 같은 기술표준과 보안기술표준인 X9.84 및 생체인식 데이터 형식에 대한 표준인 CBEFF를 발표하였다. 그리고, 독일의 GISA, 영국의 CESG와 NPL, 그리고 미국의 NIAP와 BFC 등은 생체인식제품에 대하여 성능평가 및 보안성 평가 연구를 추진 중에 있다. 국내의 경우 KSIA, KBA, TTA TC10/SG3, ETRI 등을 통하여 표준화 작업을 진행하고 있으며 KISA에서 국책과제인 'Biometric 인증시스템 보안성 평가기술 개발'을 통해 성능 및 보안성 평가기술을 개발하고 있다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.373-390
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• 2008

본 논문은 국내세법, 한 중 조세협약, 중국세법을 근거하여 특수목적회사(SPC), 사모펀드(PEF) 등의 간접투자 방식과 직접투자 방식에 대한 투자시뮬레이션을 활용하여 최상의 투자형태 협상전략을 제시하였다. 분석결과 중국내 고정사업장이 없는 경우 홍콩과 같은 조세회피지역에 특수목적회사를 설립하여 중국에 투자하는 형태가 직접투자 혹은 국내에 PEF 설립을 통한 투자보다 더 합리적이었다. 더욱이 특수목적회사는 국내의 여러 가지 규제에서 벗어나 자유로운 펀드운용과 새로운 투자추진시 국내과실 송금 처리절차를 거치지 않고 재투자가 가능하다는 점을 포함하여 다양한 장점을 가지고 있었다. 중국 등의 해외투자 고려시 조세회피지역에 특수목적회사를 설립하고 이를 통해 투자를 실행하는 것이 가장 효율적인 방안임을 고려하여 투자방식과 JV협상을 진행하여야 할 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.10d
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• pp.667-669
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• 2002

중국어 V＋NP$_1$＋的＋NP$_2$형 패턴은 동사구와 명사구로 분석이 가능하여 중국어 구문분석의 결과에 중요한 영향을 미친다. 본 논문은 중국어 V＋NP$_1$＋的＋NP$_2$형 패턴의 구조적 중의성 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 통계정보로 보완된 동사의 결합가 정보, 두 명사간의 결합도 정보 및 휴리스틱으로 구조적 애매성을 해소하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.451-458
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• 2021

The objective of this research is to analyze the effect of bad credit and liquidity on bank performance with the mediation of capital adequacy. Data were provided by banking institutions listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from the period of 2011-2019. The analysis technique was PLS-SEM supported by an application named WarpPLS 6.0. The results of the research show that the effect of bad credit and liquidity on bank performance is not significant. A high level of bad credit is associated with a low level of bank performance. Bank earnings decline along with low profitability. This relationship is not significant because banks can still cover some proportions of bad credit through capital availability. Capital adequacy as an intervening variable has mediated partially the effect of bad credit and liquidity on bank performance. Besides, capital adequacy has a strong effect on credit distribution. Agency theory says that the owner of the fund (the savers of saving account, current account, deposit account) is called principal while the bank as the trusted institution to manage the fund is called an agent. If customers fulfill their duty, then bad credit never happens.