• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2000

This study was carried out to compare the relation between vestibular function and balance skills in normal with heating-impaired children. The subjects were 20 normal children (8-10 years) and 20 hearing-impaired children (8-10 years). The SCPNT was used to assess vestibular function, then, functional reach test and backward walking test were usee to compare dynamic balance skills of normal and hearing-impaired children according to existence of visual input. The results were as follows : 1. In SCPNT, normal and hearing-impaired children showed statistical significance in all left-sided and right-sided rotations(p<.01), and the vestibular function responses of healing-impaired children were normal $20\%$, abnormal $45\%$, absent $35\%$. 2, To compare dynamic balance skills between normal and healing-impaired according to eye open and eye close, functional reach test did not show statistical significance in eye open situation(p>.05), but showed statistical significance in eye close situation(p<.05). 3. Backward walking test showed statistical significance in eye open and eye close situation(p<.01).

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2008

This paper presents a method to recognize the plane regions for movement of walking robots. When the autonomous agencies using stereo camera or laser scanning sensor is under unknown 3D environment, the mobile agency has to detect the plane regions to decide the moving direction and perform the given tasks. In this paper, we propose a very fast method for plane detection using normal vector of a triangle by 3 vertices defined on a small circular region. To reduce the effect of noises and outliers, the triangle rotates with respect to the center position of the circular region and generates a series of triangles with different normal vectors based on different three points on the boundary of the circular region. The vectors for several triangles are normalized and then median direction of the normal vectors is used to test the planarity of the circular region. The method is very fast and we prove the performance of algorithm for real range data obtained from a stereo camera system.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.359-363
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• 2004

Numerous studies have been performed to analyze various phenomena of human's walking, gait. In the present study, unrecognized walking and recognized walking were analyzed by three dimensional motion capture system(VICON motion system Ltd., England) and simulated by computer program. Two normal males participated in measuring the motion of unrecognized and recognized walking. Six infrared cameras and four force plates were used and sixteen reflective markers were attached to the subject to capture the motion. A musculoskeletal model was generated anatomically by using ADAMS(MSC software corp., USA) and LifeMOD(Biomechanics Research Group Inc, USA). The inverse dynamic simulation and forward dynamic simulation were also performed. The result of simulation was similar to the experimental result. This study provides the base line for dynamic simulation of the falling walking. It will be useful to simulate various another pathologic gaits for old peoples.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1137-1142
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• 2004

Walking training is one of the most important rehabilitation processes with paralysis patient. Walking training by using an orthosis can help advancing a patient's independent level. However, existing orthoses have some serious demerit of mechanical problem that the knee joint is locked in the state where it is completely extended, which increases energy consumption and fatigue. For this reason, it is suggested, for more practical orthosis, that the knee joint should be placed and it should have capability of suspending patient's weight. In this paper, 1-DOF walking orthosis which compensates the demerit of the existing orthosis and secures patient's mobility has been proposed. New orthosis has been designed under the following two premises. First, the knee joint of the orthosis was designed fold in order for the orthosis to move in a walking pattern similar to that of a normal person. Second, the knee joint was designed to extend during the swing phase and lock safely during the stance phase.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 1992

Gait parameters for the Korean normal adults were compared with sex and age. Time-distance measurements and ground reaction force parameters were studied in relation to walking speed. Regression analysis was performed to establish functional relations between walking speed and various gait parameters. It is found that cardence and stride length varied linearly with walking velocity whereas time of double support was inversely proportional to walking velocity. The amplitude of ground reaction force was increased with increasing velocities of gait due to the greater heel-strike force and toe-off forces associated with these higher velocities. The results of this study can be usefull utilized as basic data to design and evaluate prosthetic devices, and to detect abnormal gait performances.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.689-695
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• 2003

Fault-tolerance is an important design criterion for robotic systems operating in hazardous or remote environments. This paper addresses the issue of tolerating a locked joint failure in gait planning for hexapod walking machines which have symmetric structures and legs in the form of an articulated arm with three revolute joints. A locked joint failure is one for which a joint cannot move and is locked in place. If a failed joint is locked, the workspace of the resulting leg is constrained, but hexapod walking machines have the ability to continue static walking. A strategy of fault-tolerant tripod gait is proposed and, as a specific form, a periodic tripod gait is presented in which hexapod walking machines have the maximum stride length after a locked failure. The adjustment procedure from a normal gait to the proposed fault-tolerant gait is shown to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed scheme.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study compared the effects of indoor and outdoor environmental changes on the activity of the major lower limb muscles and walking factors in people 40-50 years and those aged older than 70 years. METHODS: Ten middle-aged people in their forties (age:$44.2{\pm}2.7$, BMI:$21.8{\pm}1.8$) and 10 elderly aged more than 70 years (age:$76.4{\pm}5.9$, BMI:$22.2{\pm}1.9$) with a normal walking ability were included. The participants walked 100 m both indoors and outdoors at their own speed. Using a 3D motion analyzer and EMG, the walking speed, angle of the ankle and activity changes of the lower limb muscles were compared. RESULTS: Significant differences in walking speed and peak-plantar flexion angle were observed between the two groups (p<.05). The muscular activity of the gastrocnemius muscle (GCM) was significantly different outdoors in the swing phase between the two groups (p<.05). In the people aged in their forties, the muscular activity of the rectus femoris (RF) was significantly higher outdoors than indoors (p<.05). In the elderly, however, the muscular activity of the RF was lower outdoors than indoors (p<.05). When compared to those in there forties, the muscular activity of the outdoor RF significantly decreased in the elderly group (P<.05). The muscular activity of the biceps femoris (BF) in the elderly decreased significantly outdoors compared to indoors (p<.05). CONCLUSION: For the elderly, increasing the exposure to the new environments or focusing on the performance of repeated movements for gradual speed control and precise movements is required to maintain normal gaits and movements that are less affected by environmental changes.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the application of abdominal brace techniques on muscle activity of the trunk and lower extremities when walking. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: This study was conducted on 26 healthy adults in their 20s, and the subjects performed two conditions in random order: walking with the abdominal bracing technique and walking in an abdominal relaxation state (normal gait). Muscle activity was measured on the dominant side of all subjects using surface electromyography, and the attachment sites were the erector spinae, external oblique, internal oblique, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis oblique muscles. Each condition was measured three times to calculate and analyze the average value. Results: When walking using the abdominal brace technique, the muscle activity of the erector spinae, external oblique, internal oblique, and vastus lateralis increased significantly (p<0.05), and the muscle activity of the vastus medialis increased as well but was not significant. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that it is possible to be used as an effective guide to increasing the muscle activity and stability of the trunk and lower extremities through the application of the abdominal bracing technique during walking.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2021

뇌졸중 질환은 전세계적으로 가장 중요한 사망원인 중 하나이며, 특히 고령자에게 장애의 원인이 되는 가장 중요한 질환이다. 뇌졸중 질환이 발생하면 사망 또는 심각한 장애를 유발하기 때문에, 적극적인 일차 예방과 전조증상의 빠른 발견이 매우 중요하다. 특히, 일상생활에서의 뇌졸중 전조증상 발병을 감지 및 정확히 예측하여 전문가의 신속한 진단을 유도할 수 있어야 한다. 최근까지의 연구에서는 뇌졸중 환자의 전조증상을 예측하는 방법론으로 CT(Computed Tomography)나 MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)와 같은 영상 분석이 대부분이었으나, 이러한 접근에는 오랜 검사 시간과 높은 검사 비용 등에 대한 한계점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 고령자의 뇌졸중 질환 발병이 보행 시 족압(Foot Pressure)에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 임상 데이터를 이용해 실험하였다. 실험 결과, 보행 중에 뇌졸중 고령자와 일반 고령자 간에 12개의 셀에서 * p < .05 인 유의미한 차가 있음을 분석 및 검증하였다. 결과적으로 고령의 뇌졸중 환자와 일반 고령자의 일상생활의 보행 패턴에 유의미한 차이를 발견했다는 것에 그 의미가 크다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.321-335
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neck traction and foot type on plantar pressure distribution during walking. Method: Total of 24 data were collected from women working with a computer for more than 6 hours every day. Three groups by foot type were divided: Pes Planus, normal foot, and Pes Cavus. Depending on the foot type and cervical traction, plantar pressure variables were measured; CA, MF, PP, and CT. Each variable was divided into 12 masks. MANOVA was performed for the difference of plantar pressure variables by foot type, and a paired t-test was performed for the cervical traction within groups. Results: The total CA decreased in the Pes Planus (p<.001) and Pes Cavus (p<.05) groups. MF increased in the big toe (p<.01) and 2nd toe (p<.05) of the normal foot, and MF-3rd metatarsal decreased (p<.01). The MF-2nd toe (p<.01) and 3rd toe (p<.05) of Pes Cavus decreased. The PP decreased in 2nd toe (p<.05), 3rd toe (p<.01), and 4th toe (p<.05) of the Pes Cavus. In normal foot, the PP-3rd metatarsal (p<.05) and PP-4th metatarsal (p<.01) reduced. In Pes Planus, PP decreased in the hindfoot (p<.05). In Pes Cavus group wearing a neck-tractor, the CT-hindfoot increased (p<.05). Conclusion: There was a significant change in the plantar pressure change by foot type after neck traction. When walking with a neck-tractor, the heel impact was alleviated in the Pes Planus, and the Pes Cavus showed the smooth and effective propulsion in the push-off. Overall, weight acceptance was effectively performed when walking with neck-traction. It was also found that the neck-tractor corrects the alignment of the neck, thereby creating a more stable gait pattern.