• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.1295-1304
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• 2016

상용 NIC 기반 단방향 통신 방법은 저비용으로 고속 단방향 통신을 지원한다는 점에서 장점을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 보안 강화를 위한 단방향 통신 방법을 소개하고, 상용 NIC 디바이스 드라이버의 수정을 통해서 단방향 통신을 제공할 수 있는 기법을 제시한다. 그리고 상용 NIC 기반의 단방향 통신 방법의 활용을 확인하기 위하여 인텔 82580 NIC 예제 구현을 제시하고 성능과 신뢰성 측정실험을 통해 단방향 통신 방법 실현에 기여할 수 있음을 보인다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.121-142
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify NANDA, NIC, and NOC frequently used and their linkages in major nursing departments for development of the nursing process and nursing management system. Methods: This study was a descriptive study. Data were collected from 123 nurses who worked in medical, surgical, pediatric, gynecologic, and psychiatric department. The questionnaire was based on the NANDA, NOC, NIC, and NANDA-NOC-NIC linkage system. This research was analyzed by an EXCEL program and SPSS $Pc^{+}15.0$. Results: Nursing diagnoses frequently used were 'anxiety', 'disturbed sleep pattern', 'activity intolerance', 'social isolation', 'nausea', 'ineffective airway clearance', 'chronic pain', nursing outcomes frequently used were 'thermoregulation', 'bowel elimination', 'pain control', 'vital sign status', 'pain level', and nursing interventions frequently used were 'nausea management', 'airway suctioning', 'bowel elimination management', 'diarrhea management', 'medication management'. NANDA-NOC-NIC linkages in major nursing departments were recognized, and these results were similar to the results of other researches. Conclusion: The results of this study will be provided as a guideline to apply to the nursing process and development of the nursing process system with the NANDA-NOC-NIC linkage in major nursing department.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2014

Engle과 Ng (1993)가 제안한 뉴스 임팩트 커브(NIC)는 표준적인 GARCH 모형에 적용되는 대칭 커브이다. 최근들어 금융시계열의 변동성이 비대칭 성질을 가지는 경향이 있으며 이에 따라 분계점(threshlod) GARCH, 이중선형(bilinear) GARCH 등의 비대칭 모형이 연구되고 있다. 본 논문은 비대칭 모형의 변동성 커브에 대해 연구하고 있으며 LASSO를 통한 방법론을 제안하고 있다. 제시된 방법론을 국내 KOSDAQ 자료분석을 통해 예시해 보았다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.358-369
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was performed to compare the costs of nursing interventions implemented for the obstetrical and gynecological patients using Korean Reimbursement System and ABC codes system developed in the US for costing out interventions performed by health care professional. Methods: First, the narrative data on nursing interventions were extracted from electronic medical record system of a tertiary university and mapped with Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) by two researchers until 100% consent was reached. Narrative nursing interventions mapped with NIC were then remapped with ABC codes system using the electronic program developed in the research. The mapping data were analyzed with real numbers, frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Results: More nursing interventions were mapped with ABC codes than Korean reimbursement system. Total of 97 different types of narrative interventions could be mapped with NIC, 43 NIC interventions could be reimbursed by ABC code but only 16 NIC interventions were reimbursed by Korea Reimbursement System. Conclusion: Korean medical insurance fee system needs amendment to include more comprehensively interventions performed by nurses which are very important to patient outcomes. Further study is needed to develop strategies to costing out nursing interventions.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.73-85
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to construct a useful nursing language system on military nursing field. Method: Military hospital nursing records were analyzed using NANDA(North American Nursing Diagnosis Association), NIC(Nursing Interventions Classification), and NOC(Nursing Outcomes Classification) systems. All kinds of nursing statements from 80 sets of orthopedics inpatient's records were deduced. All nursing statements were mapped to 167 NANDA diagnoses, 433 NIC interventions, and 260 NOC outcomes. Result: 14,744 nursing statements were extracted. Among the extracted nursing statements, 11.75% were linked with NANDA diagnosis, 83.62% were connected with NIC intervention, and 0.96% was tied to NOC outcome. 3.66% of nursing statements were not linked with NANDA-NIC-NOC system. In the nursing statements, 18 diagnoses of NANDA, 63 interventions of NIC, 8 outcomes of NOC were used. Conclusions: The majority of those nursing statements focused on nursing intervention of the nursing process; few nursing plans or goals were found in nursing records. Therefore, it's difficult to make the nursing process network with the nursing statements. Documenting nursing records using a nursing process will contribute to strengthen nursing practice in patient care and to develop nursing as science. Continuous further researches related to nursing records are needed to provide basic data for developing nursing language system and nursing record system.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.75-85
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• 1996

Nursing Intervention Classification(NIC) includes the 433 intervention lists to standardize the nursing language. Efforts to standardize and classify nursing care are important because they make explicit what has previously been implicit, assumed and unknown. NIC is a standardized language of both nurse-initiated and physician-initiated nursing treatments. Each of the 433 interventions has a label, definition and set of activities that a nurse does to carry it out. It defines the interventions performed by all nurses no matter what their setting or specialty. Principles of label, definition and activity construction were established so there is consistency across the classification. NIC was developed for following reasons; 1. Standandization of the nomen clature of nursing treatments. 2. Expansion of nursing knowledge about the links between diagnoses, treatments and outcomes. 3. Devlopment of nursing and health care information systems. 4. Teaching decision making to nursing students. 5. Determination of the costs of service provided by nurses. 6. Planning for resources needed in nursing practice settings. 7. Language to communicate the unigue function of nursing. 8. Articulation with the classification systems of other health care providers. The process of NIC development ; 1. Develop implement and evaluate an expert review process to evaluate feedback on specific interventions in NIC and to refine the interventions and classification as feedback indicates. 2. Define and validate indirect care interventions. 3. Refine, validate and publish the taxonomic grouping for the interventions. 4. Translate the classification into a coding system that can be used for computerization for articulation with other classifications and for reimbursement. 5. Construct an electronic version of NIC to help agencies in corporate the classifiaction into nursing information systems. 6. Implement and evaluate the use of the classification in a nursing information system in five different agencies. 7. Establish mechanisms to build nursing knowledge through the analysis of electronically retrievable clinical data. 8. Publish a second edition of the nursing interventions classification with taxonomic groupings and results of field testing. It is suggested that the following researches are needed to develp NIC in Korea. 1. To idenilfy the intervention lists in Korea. 2. Nursing resources to perform the nursing interventions. 3. Comparative study between Korea and U.S.A. on NIC. 4. Linkage among nursing diagnosis, nursing interventions and nursing outcomes. 5. Linkage between NIC and other health care information systems. 6. determine nursing costs on NIC.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2011

본 논문은 인터넷 서버의 정상적인 TCP 연결을 방해하는 형태의 DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service) 공격으로부터 서버를 보호하고 원활한 서비스를 제공하기 위한 DDoS 공격 차단 방법에 관한 것이다. 즉, 유효한 TCP 연결만을 전달해주는 기능을 가진 네트워크 인터페이스 카드에서의 고속 TCP 연동 로직(NIC_Cookie)에 대하여 기술한다. NIC_Cookie의 장점은 플러딩 공격 상태에서도 실시간으로 공격 패킷을 차단하고 정상적인 패킷만이 메인 CPU로 전달될 수 있도록 하기 때문에, 서버의 CPU 성능과 외부 네트워크의 구성 등에 영향을 받지 않는다는 것이다. 또한, 패킷 단위로 공격 TCP 세션에 대하여 실시간 차단 대응을 하기 때문에 정상적인 연결 시도에 대하여 잘못된 대응을 할 가능성이 없다. 이와 더불어, NCI_Cookie 로직 추가로 발생하는 지연시간은 패킷 길이와 상관없이 $7{\times}10^{-6}$초 이하의 성능을 보장하며, 본 논문에서는 구현된 NIC_Cookie가 일반적인 플러딩 공격을 실시간으로 방어하면서 그 성능을 보장함을 확인하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.521-528
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• 2000

NIC＠E is software for prediction of various outdoor Noise. The program is based on the ray tracing technique which has been widely used in an environmental noise prediction and analysis. In this paper, we analyze the Railway noise on the various types of geometrical source conditions in 3D and develope tile expression method of 3D Graphics for noise level.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2019년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.280-282
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• 2019

Windows 환경에서 상용 저지연 NIC를 이용하여 컴퓨터 네트워크 통신 지연을 감소시킬 수 있다. 일반적으로 시스템의 커널에서 네트워크 처리를 담당하지만 본 논문은 커널을 우회하여 NIC에서 처리하여 운영체제에서 발생하는 지연을 최소화한다. 상용 NIC과 광섬유 케이블을 사용하여 네트워크 지연에 대한 비교결과를 보이며 네트워크 저지연 시스템의 구성을 제시한다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.503-510
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• 1999

NIC@E is the software for prediction of various outdoor Noise. The Program is based on the ray tracing technique which has been widely used in an environmental noise prediction and analysis. In this paper, we analyze the Railway noise on the various types of geometrical source conditions in 3D and develope the expression method of 3D Graphics for noise level.