• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.120-137
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• 2015

This study aims to understand the ways in which experience programmes affect visitors' attitude at cultural heritage sites. Through a literature review, this study constructed measurement scales that specifically measure experience at the cultural heritage sites. Afterwards, this study measured visitors' experience, satisfaction, and attitude at cultural heritage sites. This study found that visitors experience fun, authenticity, leaning, and a sense of escaping/togetherness through the experience programmes. Second, authenticity, fun and learning influence their satisfaction in terms of their visit, whereas a sense of escaping/togetherness does not link to their satisfaction. Third, visitors' satisfaction is the key determinant in changing their attitude. Fun is the key determinant that directly influence visitors' attitude change, whereas authenticity is the key determinant that indirectly influence visitors' attitude change.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.91-103
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to compare the satisfaction of the urban parks and to classify and assess the environmentally-friendly behaviors in the urban parks. For this purpose, the park user's behaviors and satisfactions were surveyed in 10 parks in Seoul and its suburb area. Parks are divided into 2 types, the walking-distance parks and the metropolitan parks, by time to reach, visit frequency and visit purpose. The park users are generally satisfied with the facilities, but not satisfied with some specific items, such as cultural facilities, accommodations for the handicapped, safety facilities and sports facilities. The environmentally-friendly behaviors are positively assessed in general, but the behavior of the natural experience was negatively assessed. The environmentally-friendly behaviors in the urban parks are classified into 2 factors; the experience factor and the activity factor. The parks are categorized into 3 types by these factors. For type I parks, the experience factor is dominant, but the activity factor is relatively low. For type II parks, the both factors are low and the parks are necessary to improve. And type III parks are positively assessed in the aspect of the environmentally-friendly behaviors, even though some park are necessary to complement.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.444-453
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• 1992

Recent research reported that postpartum mothers showed different responses according to the type of delivery, and though most mothers preferred vaginal delivery to cesarean section, the numbers of negative comments about the delivery experience were higher in a vaginal delivery group than in a cesarean section group. This study set out to understand the meaning of vaginal delivery as perceived by mother who delivered their babies vaginally and how the mothers felt about their delivery experience. The subjects of this study were 17 primiparous mothers right after vaginal delivery in one university affiliated hospital. Date were collected from March to April, 1992 through interviews lasting 20∼30 minutes using open ended questions about the delivery experience. The data were analyzed by Giorgi's phenomenological analysis method and categorized according to similarity of countent. The meaning of the vaginal delivery was grouped in to four categories and the reason for vaginal in to three. One category of the meaning of vaginal delivery was pain, consisting of the subcategories too painful, want to be rid of the pain, unbearable pain and bearable pain. Another cutegory was a sense of accomplishment containing the subgroups wonderful, good and being finished, The third category was the feeling of becoming a mother The fourth category was that of not having any sense yet of the experience. The reasons for preference for vaginal delivery to a cesarean section were categorized in to the instinctive thinking that vaginal delivery was the natural method, a shortened period of recovery and a lower incidence of complications and a stronger feeling of maternal identity.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.27-48
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate the middle-class housewives` experience of housing environment through their own cognitive expressions. Subjects were 18 housewives living in the apartments at Junggye-Dong, Seoul and Field survey method was used. Indepth interview technique with planned questionnaire was used. The contents of individual`s housing life history were recorded by means of a recording machine. Cognitive expressions of subjects ontheir experience of housing environment were analiyzed by Content Analysis. Subjects have respectively experienced various housing types. The housing experiences were classified by stimuli and respones. Stimuli were again classified by the factors and characteristics of housing environment, whereas responses were classified by types and directions. Negative experiences were more frequent than positive ones. Negative evaluations were appeared more frequently In such case as the existence of community facilities, interior structure, bathrooms, and heating systems. The positive emotional experiences appeared more frequently were the natural characteristic$ of outdoors. When all the contents were analyzed by housing types experienced, subjects negatively remembered community facilities in high-rise apartments, and positively outdoors in detached single houses including traditional houses, and negatively heating systems in low-rise apartments and tenement houses. These contents, especially positive and negative aspects of past experience. can be used as basic data to understand residents` reponses and to plan furture houses more desirable for them.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Purpose: This study is descriptive research to identify characteristics and childbirth experience of women who selected delivery with midwives. Methods: The research methods included structured questionnaires, open questions and charts and data were collected from March 2009 to May 2010 at one midwifery clinic. The 108 data of primipara and multipara were analyzed using descriptive statistics and grouping in same meaning. Results: The general characteristics of participants were age of 31~35, housewife, college or university graduate, religion 'yes', and economic state 'middle'. The obstetric characteristics of participants were abortion rate of 23.1%, none complication to pregnancy and delivery of 97.2%, and none postpartum complication. This study was analyzed using positive experiences of 3 categories, that is 'comfortable and natural childbirth', 'satisfaction and trust to personal care of midwives', and 'experience of baby-and-family-centered childbirth' and negative experiences of 3 categories, that is 'improvement of healthcare environment', 'insufficient facilities and nursing care', and'burden of cost'. Conclusion: This study is significant, since it investigates in the absence of domestic research on the characteristics of women who delivered at midwifery clinic. Thus, this study provided basic data on the characteristics of women who delivered at midwifery clinic.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.33-45
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the role experience of preceptor nurses in general hospitals. Methods: Data were collected from 10 experienced preceptor nurses through in-depth interviews about their experiences. The main question was "How do you describe your experience as a preceptor in the process of role adaptation?" Qualitative data from field and transcribed notes were analyzed using Strauss & Corbin's grounded theory methodology. Results: The core category of experience in the process of role adaptation as a preceptor nurse was identified as 'being responsible to teach from beginning to end'. The participants identified five interactional strategies; 'abruptly having to take the role as a preceptor unwilling', 'difficulties in field training with variable situations', 'preceptor and new nurse with love and hate relationships', 'bring up preceptee as a child', 'redefining the concept of preceptor'. Conclusion: The results of this study provide useful information for understanding the role of preceptor nurses in general hospital who have to teach new nurses with patience and responsibility. It will be needed to establishment of preceptor's role and educational standards, and policy for their rewards by nurse manager. Additionally, making cooperative educational climate in nursing ward is important for teaching new nurse.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.382-392
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to identify some natural meaning through the dosage experience of psychoactive drugs in women patients with schizophrenia. Methods: The Hermeneutic phenomenology written by van Manen was used. The period for data collection was from November 2009 to January 2010. This study took place in mental health hospitals and mental health centers in two cities in North Jeolla Province. Nine patients with schizophrenia participated. Data collection was done through individual in-depth interview. Results: The seven natural subjects demonstrated by participants from this study were 'Pills forcibly taken like veiled threats', 'A terrible side effect, a side effect rooted slowly', 'Shame which cannot be hidden as a woman', 'A bad medicine took away from motherhood', 'The fate of a wife who can't be equal', 'A struggle for the complete recovery without promise', and 'Participants want the future without medicine'. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the urgent need to develop a safe and believable psychoactive drug for woman patients considering the time of menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, and child raising.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.2 s.121
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• pp.37-48
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• 2007

An exhibit entitled 'Revelatory Landscapes' was held at the San Francisco Museum of Modem Art from May 5 to October 14, 2001. For this Museum's rot off-site outdoor exhibition, five outstanding design teams-Kathryn Gustafson, Hargreaves Associates, Hood Design, Tom Leader Studio, and ADOBE LA-created site-specific installations in Berkeley, Oakland, San Jose, and the San Francisco Bay Area. Each project showcased a hybridization of environmental art and landscape design. The main content revealed through revelatory landscapes were the natural, cultural, and historical palimpsest of the sites-particularly as related to the history of minorities such as Native American, African Americans and Latin Americans-as well as the every day life of ordinary people. To represent these ideas, a juxtaposition of the past and the present was broadly applied. Furthermore, the use of dramatic colors, textures, and forms in consideration of materials coupled with the revelation of natural elements such as wind and sunlight accelerated the effect of this juxtaposition. Every project of the Revelatory Landscapes exhibit requires a phenomenological experience to be appreciated. Via the five senses, these experiences cause a synesthetic experience beyond solely the visual. By examining the projects of 'Revelatory landscapes', the threshold for a new blending between environmental art and landscape design as well as new landscape design strategies that overcome the dichotomy between nature and culture will change and evolve.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.18 no.2 s.27
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• pp.44-54
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• 2005

The emphasis in environmental education for children should be on awareness, appreciation, and sensory experiences. By offering children opportunities to experience the elements of nature that surround them, teachers elevate children's comfort level and familiarity with the natural world. But many children have little contact with nature, because of urban living, hurried schedules, TV's attraction, and the low value most schools place on outdoor activities. So, teachers have to expand the real out-of-door experiences into the classroom by sharing and making accessible books focusing on nature and the natural environment. Namely, quality children's literature is an excellent vehicle for extending a particular experience or introducing new ones. Building on outdoor experiences through stories encourages children to explore more deeply what they have observed and experienced-concepts are reinforced, new knowledge gained, vicarious experiences provided. There are three-fold classification of environmentalism, especially environmental ethics, and three-aspects of the history in children's literature. The analytical results of this study are as follow. The environmental ideology in elementary Korean textbooks varies from 'egocentrism-didacticism' to 'ecocentrism-fantasy'. This finding has implication for selecting children's books and teaching environmental contents in elementary school. Therefore teachers and parents need to get ready to receive ecocriticism.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.238-251
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• 1998

Environmental education, which has been thought as the most fundamental solution to environmental problems, should be performed not only in school but also in home and society with a long-term plan. In line with this, environmental-friendly attitude in daily life should be achieved by the perception of the vital environmental principle-new understanding of relation between nature and human being. It is in the city park that children in urban area, who has little opportunity to contact nature, have rather easier access to nature and realize the principle. Despite such great potential, the city park in Korea has not played its pivotal role because of lack of both facilities and activities. In addition, existing studies on this issue are not satisfactory. Therefore, this study is aimed at analyzing and evaluating city parks' environmental education function, potential and problems according to their types, then offering practical reform measures and programs in order to make students better understand the parks as an everyday natural experience spot. These plans are not based on full-scale revision, instead focuses on optimizing potential of existing natural environment and parks. Additionally, activities to experience various nature are included in the study. The value of city park is not decided by the park itself, but by its relationship with visitors. Environmental education function of city park is not confined to building up facilities and providing programs. It also should be complemented and improved, reflecting visitors' opinions and evaluation of environmental education.