• Title/Summary/Keyword: NAT

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Effect of Complex Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Rapeseed

  • Shin, Dong-Young;Kwon, Byung-Sun;Lim, June-Taeg;Jung, Dong-Soo;Hyun, Kyu-Hwan;Lim, Jung-Mook;Seo, Young-Nam
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.697-699
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    • 2006
  • To find out the best complex fertilizer for high yielding of rapeseed crop, experiment was conducted on complex fertilizers at the experiment field in upland of rapeseed in Mokpo Experiment Station, Nat'l Institute of Corp Science, RDA, Korea. Experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCBD) design. The effects of complex fertilizer (22-22-11) on the number of branches, pod length, percentage of seed set and seed yield were highest but on the plant height, ear length, and number of pods per ear were negligible. On th basis of the results reported above, for getting higher yield of rapeseed crop, among the tested fertilizers complex fertilizer (22-22-11) gave the superior performance and is recommended for application.

Applying ICE to Solving NAT Traversal of SIP based VoIP (SIP 기반 VoIP 의 NAT Traversal 해결을 위한 ICE의 적용)

  • Mun, Byeongcheon;Kim, Kangseok;Hong, Manpyo
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2014.11a
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    • pp.156-159
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    • 2014
  • VoIP 서비스는 패킷 데이터 망을 기존의 전화망처럼 이용하기 위한 서비스이다. VoIP 에서 디바이스간 통화를 위해 SIP 프로토콜을 사용 한다. 현재 패킷 데이터 망을 이용하는 디바이스들이 많아지면서 IP 주소 부족 현상이 나타났다. 이 현상을 해결하기 위해 NAT 기술이 고안 되었고 NAT 는 패킷 헤더의 IP 주소를 변환하는 동작을 한다. 이러한 동작은 SIP 를 이용한 VoIP 서비스에서 NAT Traversal 을 일으키게 된다. NAT Traversal 은 NAT 가 패킷 헤더의 IP 주소만을 변경하기 때문에 SIP 처럼 어플리케이션 헤더의 IP 주소를 참고하는 프로토콜에서 목적지를 찾아가지 못하는 경우를 말한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위한 기술들의 종류와 장단점을 살펴보고 NAT Traversal에 효과적인 기술인 ICE를 VoIP 서비스에 적용 하고 중복된 과정을 최소화한 개선된 호 설정 과정을 제안한다.

Performance Evaluation of RSIP Gateway in Intranet Environment (인트라넷 환경에서 RSIP 게이트웨이의 성능분석)

  • Kim, Won;Lee, Young-Taek;Jun, Moon-Seog
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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    • v.11C no.5
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    • pp.683-688
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    • 2004
  • NAT is a very useful IP address translation technique that allows two connected networks using different and incompatible IP address schemes. But it is impractical to use NAT for an application which uses the encrypted IP packet, embedding IP addresses inside of data payloads, to guarantee End-to-End Security such as IPSec. In addition to rewriting the source/destination IP addresses in the packet, NAT must modify IP checksum every time, which could lead to considerable performance decrease of the overall system in the process of the address translation. RSIP is an alternative to solve these disadvantages of NAT and the address shortage problems. Both NAT and RSIP divide networks into inside and outside addressing realms. NAT translates addresses between internal network and external network, but RSIP uses a borrowed external address for outside communications. RSIP server assigns a routable public address to a RSIP client temporarily to communicate with public net-work outside of the private network. In this paper, RSIP gateway for intranet environment is designed and its performance is evaluated. From the results of performance evaluation, we knew that RSIP is operated less sensitive to the data traffic. Also, the experiment shows that RSIP performs better than NAT when the transmission data grows larger.

A STUDY OF AN NAT USING THE TCP SEGMENT INFORMATION (TCP 세그멘트 정보를 이용한 NAT에 대한 연구)

  • JaeYongHwang;GiHoJoo
    • Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.239-249
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    • 2001
  • NAT (Network Address Translation) is an IP address modification protocol that translates private IP addresses into authentic Internet addresses. The main features of NAT are to improve network security and to save IP addresses. Generally speaking, in order to perform its functionality. NAT uses the address informaiton in the packet header. Certain application protocols, however, use the information in the packet data as well as the imformation in the packet header to perform end-to-end communication. Therefor, to support these types of application protocols, NAT should be able to perform appropriate translation of protocol information in the packet data. In this thesis, we design and implement a method which translates virtual IP information in the packet data into real IP information by using port proxy server.

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