• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.57-70
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• 2004

This is an exploratory study to describe drinking patterns and problem drinking and alcohol-related problem in college students. The major purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of drinking styles, the quantity of alcohol getting drunken and the describe the frequency of drunkenness in the previous 12months prior to the survey, and to examine the patterns of how various drinking behaviors are different by drinking style. We used the scale for measuring problem drinking NAST(1), AUDIT, indicated that males drank more and more and more frequently, and had episodes of drunkenness and more accepting of drinking than females, the amount of alcohol becoming intoxicated, the frequency and quantity of alcohol consumed in the month, and the frequency of intoxicated were significantly different by drinking styles in both sexes. A problem drinking rate, danger drinker 49.3% dependence drinker 3.5% in ADULT and alcohol dependency 9.7% in NAST(1) It will be necessary to discuss about adequate policy and eucation protrams to be able to curb collegiate's alcohol abuse.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.67-86
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• 2004

This study attempted to investigate the factors influencing alcohol drinking habit of college students in Korea. To find how many students are alcohol dependents and what factors are related to problem drinking habit, the current study estimated problem drinkers and analyzed the relationship of problem drinking and various factors. In 2000, 736 students reported the questionnaires. Estimated rates of problem drinkers standardized by age were 0.7% of male and 0.5% of female students by NAST, amounting 9,300 college students. Age of initiation of alcohol drinking, alcohol or drug use problems of parents or mends, psychological factors, emotional factors, and two of MMPI scales were significantly different between moderate drinkers and alcohol dependents. The moderate and problem drinkers were significantly different in Mf and Pa average scores. However, economic factors were not significantly different between the moderate drinkers and alcohol dependents. Based on the results, this study suggested that further multivariate studies with large sample need be conducted to investigate the relationship between alcohol dependency and its factors.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.142-146
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to identify the drinking patterns and needs for nutritional education of male workers. The subjects in this study were 285 male workers in Ulsan City. The average age of the subjects was 41.2 years old, height was 171.8cm, weight was 69.6kg and Body Mass Index(BMI) was $23.6kg/m^2$. The subjects were classified into 3 drinking patterns such as 'normal drinker(ND)', 'excessive drinker(ED)', and 'alcoholic drinker(AD)' diagnosed by NAST (Alcoholism Screening Test of Seoul National Mental Hospital). Each group was 31.6%(ND), 43.2%(ED) and 25.3% (AD). The amount of one time drinking, frequency, kind of alcohol and spending money were significantly different among the groups. 87.8% of ND thought that the self identity of drinking habits was good. But twenty seven percent of AD thought that it was just not bad, one-half of them(51.4%) thought they seemed to have problems and 20.8% of them thought they were serious. 38.9%(AD), 22.8%(ED) and 6.7%(ND) of each group tried to abstain by turn. Reasons of trying to abstain were health problems, disharmony of family and bad influence on the business and job place. The methods of abstaining were to avoid a drinking gathering or to refuse drinking in the party. 70.8% of AD, 59.3% of ED and 40% of ND thought they needed to take an educational program about abstaining. 58.3% of AD, 43.1 % of ED and 31.1 % of ND answered they would join an alcohol program.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.109-124
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• 2003

This study conducted multiple logistic regression to investigate what factors and how much they influence problem drinking. In this study, problem drinking was defined by AUDIT and NAST. Most of the studies on problem drinking focused on socio-demographic factors even though problem drinking is caused by bio-psycho- socio-cultural factors. The current study tried to estimate a logistric regression models including socio-demographic, environmental, psychological, economical, emotional, values, and MMPI factors. The best fit model suggested that problem drinking, which was determined by AUDIT, of college students were related to sociodemographic, environmental, psychological, and emotional factors. Students who were male, whose father, brother or sister had been abused alcohol or drug, students thought that his/her mother had not trusted him/her, who worried about his/her health, smokers, who had strong impulsivity, who had three or more feelings among the sorts of feelings, such as sadness, loneliness, boring making him/her feel to drink alcohol were more likely to had drinking problem. Students who were indulgers-who could not help buying things immediately after they saw goods they like, who were smokers, who had low ego-control, who had three or more feelings among the sorts of feelings, such as become excited, anxiousness, healthy were more likely to be dependent on alcohol. The study suggested intervention programs for college students to prevent problem alcohol drinking and alcohol dependency.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.91-91
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• 2004

과학기술위성 1호의 탑재체는 원자외선 분광기(FIMS), 우주물리 관측기(SPP), 자료수집 시스템(DCS), 그리고 고정밀 별감지기(NAST)가 있으며, 우주물리 관측기는 저에너지 검출기(ESA), 고에너지 검출기(SST), 랑마이어 탐침(LP)과 자기력 측정기(SMAG) 등 4개의 센서로 구성되어있다. 위성에 탑재된 각각의 관측기는 운용시 발생되는 데이터를 위성의 대용량 메모리 시스템에 저장되며, 위성이 한반도 상공을 지나는 교신구간에 X-Band 대역의 RF를 통하여 지상으로 전송된다. (중략)

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.37
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• pp.67-88
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify the proportion of the population with the alcohol use disorder among the Korean adults. To the author's knowledge, this study was the first social work article to survey the prevalence of the alcohol use disorder using the randomly selected sample. The survey instrument included the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, the Brief Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. and the Korean Alcoholism Screening Test to identify the rates of problem drinkers and alcoholics. The instrument also included items to ask the respondents' drinking frequencies, drinking amounts, and heavy drinking. The findings of the study indicated that Koreans had severe alcohol problems. 322 percent of the respondents were identified as those who have experienced drinking-related problems in the past year. This study found 4.2 percent of the respondents as alcoholics and estimated that 1.34 million of the Korean adult population were alcoholics. This study concludes that social workers should use screening tools to early identify clients with alcohol problems and develop effective programs to assist those clients and their families. Finally this study provide suggestions for future studies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.91-104
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• 2011

According to statistics, drunk drivers who repeatedly violate the DUI (Driving under influence) regulation have been continuously increased, and now the habitual drunk drivers become a societal problem. Employing a confirmative factorial analysis of structural equation model to analysis psychological characteristics of habitual drunk drivers and also seek countermeasures, this study identify the difference among three different groups of drivers: 1) sober drivers, 2) drivers with a DUI violation record, and 3) drivers with more than two records. The results of this study are as follows: First, remedies and educational contents to rectify drunk drivers can be differentiated according to their drunk driving records. Second, using defense mechanism (e.g., rationalization, projection, sublimation), drunk driving psychology (such e.g., sense of guilt, shame, embarrassment) and self-esteem (e.g., affirmation, denial) as theory variables, a Structural Equation is constructed to represent Psychological Characteristics of drunk driving according to records on drunk driving. Third, as a result of analysis of the Psychological Characteristics Model, measures for prevention and reduction of drunk driving suitable for the characteristics of respective group are also suggested. Forth, drunk driving measures based on drinking individuality are complemented by concurrence analysis on records of drunk driving records and National Alcoholism Screening Test (NAST) score. Also, two or more times recorded drunk drivers are classified as inveterate drunk drivers.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.57-71
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• 2010

This paper is a study on the perception of current competency and expected competency of engineering freshmen by extracting core competencies acquired from university education. It also aims to suggest proper way for engineering university education. This study extracts competencies in the following five areas as core competencies: 'knowledge on major area', 'cultural ability', 'foreign language ability', 'basic learning ability', 'intercommunication ability'. To achieve this purpose, this study surveyed 'C' university engineering department freshmen (584 students) with questionnaires about their perception of core competencies. The results are as follows. First, engineering freshmen perceived current competencies were weak in every area, especially their capacities in 'foreign language ability' area were perceived to be weakest. Their demand for education is the highest in 'foreign language ability' area, and the second higher in 'knowledge on major area'. Secondly, there exists meaningful difference between perception of current competency and expected competency depending on the gender, high school department (science/liberal arts), high school location, types of college admissions, and types of mathematics in NAST. According to these results, this study suggests enhancement of foreign language (English) education in engineering department, design and implementation of various educational program to overcome individual difference, promoting importance of competencies in the 'cultural abilty' and 'intercommunication abilty', necessity of continuous adjustment and complementation for engineering educational program through accumulation of feedback processes, activation of career education through engineering education and special programs.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.218-236
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• 1995

The author studied prognostic indicators of sixty Korean male alcoholics in psychological, social and biological aspects who were divided into abstinent and drinking groups. Thirty patients were assigned to each group. They were controlled in age and sex. Both groups were compared in terms of the demographic characteristics, past drinking history, treatment history, famaily history, ego strength and personality factors differences and distribution of dopamine $D_2$ receptor gene Al allele. Also the author studied relation of clinical course, alcoholic family history and dopamine $D_2$ receptor gene Al allele in both groups. The results were as follows; 1) The abstinent group had higher rate of married state, higher economic status, longer education years and maintained more stable job than the drinking group. But made no differences in occupation and religion. 2) The abstinent group showed higher rate of living with family members than the drinking group, and wives and fellows of the alcoholics anonymous were important factors for maintenance of abstinence. Family loading and parent's characters were not different. 3) The abstinent group had longer maximal length of abstinence but mean amount of alcohol consumption per day were larger than the drinking group. But there were no differences in duration of past drinking, drinking pattern, main drinking time, first drinking age and preference of the kind of alcoholic beverage in the past drinking history. 4) The abstinent group showed stronger treatment motivation, absolute abstinence in treatment goal, more voluntary adimission and maintained longer therapeutic relationship otter discharge than the drinking group. But both groups showed negative attitude toward antabuse therapy. 5) The abstinent group had higher mean score in ego strength scale than the drinking group. 6) In the personality factor questionnaire, the abstinent group showed strong laugh poise and the trait of praxernia, conservatism personality but the drinking group showed tough poise, the trait of weak ego strength(unstableness) and tough mindedness personality. 7) In comparision of dopamine $D_2$ receptor gene A1 allele, the prevalence of A1 allele was seventy percent and the frequency was 0.38 in the abstinent group. The prevalence of A1 allele was sixty percent and the frequency was 0.42 in the drinking group. Both groups were not significantly different in A1 allele prevalence and frequency. 8) In comparision of dopamine $D_2$ receptor gene A1 allele according to alcoholic family history, the prevalence of A1 allele was seventy percent and the frequency was 0.43 in the family history positive group. The prevalence of A1 allele was sixty-one percent and the frequency was 0.38 in the family history negative group. Both groups were not significantly different in A1 allele prevalence and frequency. In comparision of past drinking history according to alcoholic family history, the family history positive group showed earlier first drinking and problem drinking, but the family history negative group hod longer duration of past drinking. The mean amount of alcohol consumption per day, the longest duration of abstinence and Alcoholism Screening Test of Seoul Natoinal Mental Hospital(NAST) results were not significant. In conclusion, the results suggest that successful prognostic indicators of Korean alcoholics are married state, higher economic status, longer education years, stable job, living with family members, longer abstinence during past drinking history, strong treatment motivation, absolute abstinence in treatment goal, voluntary adimission, maintained therapeufic relationship, strong ego strength and the trait of praxernia, conservatism personality. But occupation, religion, alcoholic family history, parent's characters, duration of past drinking, drinking pattern, main drinking time, first drinking age, preference of the kind of alcoholic beverage, attitude to antabuse therapy and distribution of dopamine $D_2$ receptor A1 allele were not significantly related to the prognostic indicators of Korean alcoholics.