• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2015

PURPOSE. The purpose of this report was to evaluate the effect of the fabrication method and material type on the fracture strength of provisional crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A master model with one crown (maxillary left second premolar) was manufactured from Cr-Co alloy. The master model was scanned, and the data set was transferred to a CAD/CAM unit (Yenamak D50, Yenadent Ltd, Istanbul, Turkey) for the Cercon Base group. For the other groups, temporary crowns were produced by direct fabrication methods (Imident, Temdent, Structur Premium, Takilon, Systemp c&b II, and Acrytemp). The specimens were subjected to water storage at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours, and then they were thermocycled (TC, $5000{\times}$, $5-55^{\circ}C$) (n=10). The maximum force at fracture (Fmax) was measured in a universal test machine at 1 mm/min. Data was analyzed by non-parametric statistics (${\alpha}$=.05). RESULTS. Fmax values varied between 711.09-1392.1 N. In the PMMA groups, Takilon showed the lowest values (711.09 N), and Cercon Base showed the highest values (959.59 N). In the composite groups, Structur Premium showed the highest values (1392.1 N), and Acrytemp showed the lowest values (910.05 N). The composite groups showed significantly higher values than the PMMA groups (P=.01). CONCLUSION. Composite-based materials showed significantly higher fracture strengths than PMMA-based materials. The CADCAM technique offers more advantages than the direct technique.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.367-373
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• 2001

MFGM 당단백질의 하나인 PAS-7을 GPC 및 affinity chromatography에 의해 정제하여 2-AB로 형광 표식한 후, anion-exchange column 및 reversed-phase column을 이용해 5개의 성분을 분리하였다. 그 중 가장 상대량이 많은 성분 e에 대하여 RAAM2000을 이용한 당쇄구조 해석을 실시하여, 성분 e는 RAAM2000 GPC에 의하여 4개의 성분으로 분리되어 각각 calibration standard 12.10, 8.88, 5.84 및 4.86GU의 용출위치에 검출되었다. 이 용출위치와 당쇄구조는 livrary의 component-7457과 일치하며, 12.2GU의 크기로 분자량은 1788로 판단되며 library의 당쇄와 약 85%의 확률로 일치했다. 그 결과 성분 e의 당쇄구조는 환원말단에 $\alpha$1-6결합된 fucose를 1개 함유하며, core부분의 비환원말단에 N-acetyllactosamine branch를 2개 함유한 전형적인 biantennary 당쇄구조인 것으로 추축되어, 이전 HPLC, acetolysis, sequential exoglycosidase 소화, NMR분석에 의해 보고된 성분 7N1A의 구조와 일치함으로써, OGS RAAM2000을 이용한 PAS-7의 당쇄구조 해석의 유용성이 증명되었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.339-347
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• 1994

10-port 및 6-port 두 개의 밸브와 28% DC 200, SP 1700 및 Chromosorb 102 컬럼이 장착된 천연가스 분석용 복합컬럼시스템을 개발하였다. 천연가스를 이루고 있는 $N_2$, $CH_4$, $CO_2$, $C_2H_6$, $C_3H_8$, $i-C_4H_{10}$, $n-C_4H_{10}$, $i-C_5H_{12}$ 및 $n-C_5H_{12}$ 등 9개의 성분들이 모두 18분 이내에 바탕선 분리가 이루어졌다. 이 시스템의 정밀성 및 정확성을 측정하였다. 머무름 시간의 반복성은 0.02에서 0.16% 이내였고, 봉우리 넓이도 전반적으로 1% 이하의 반복성을 나타내었다. 검정곡선은 순수가스의 부분압력 주입법으로 작성되었고, 모든 성분들이 좋은 직선성을 나타내었다. 이 검정곡선을 이용하여 조성이 알려진 표준시료를 대상으로 단일컬럼과 복합컬럼 시스템에서 비교, 분석한 결과 단일 및 복합컬럼 시스템에서의 상대오차가 각각 0.5% 및 0.04% 이하의 값을 나타내었다. 복합컬럼 시스템을 도입 LNG 조성분석에 적용한 결과 복합컬럼에서의 발열량이 단일컬럼보다 낮게 평가되었고, 따라서 도입원가를 절감할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제50권9호
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• pp.456-465
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• 2001

In this paper, breakdown voltages in $SF_6-N_2$ mixtures were experimentally investigated to understand characteristics of dielectric strength and physical phenomena in nonuniform field disturbed by a needle shape protrusion. The test voltages are the lightning impulse$(\pm1.2/44 \mus)$ and the damped oscillatory impulse$(\pm400 ns / 0.83 MHz)$ voltages which can be occurred by the operation of disconnecting switches in gas-insulated switchgears(GIS). The effects of the polarity and wave shape of the test voltages, and the gas pressure on the V-t characteristics were in detail examined. The V-t characteristic curves were measured in different two ways : (1) one is the method by taking the maximum voltage recorded at or prior to breakdown against the time to breakdown, that is, the Procedures recommended in IEC 60060-1, (2) the other is the method by taking the voltage at the instant of chopping against the time to breakdown. As a result, the V-t characteristics of $SF_6-N_2$ mixtures in nonuniform electric field were significantly affected by the polarity and wave shape of the applied voltages. The positive breakdown voltages resulted in lower breakdown voltages in the time ranges considered, and the V-t curves for the negative oscillatory impulse voltage were extended over the longer time range. For the lightning impulse voltages, the V-t curves obtained by IEC Pub. 60060-1 were nearly same with the V-t curves obtained by the voltage at the instant of chopping against the time to breakdown. It is clear that the actual breakdown voltages were much lower than the maximum voltages appearing at or prior to breakdown because of the displacement current produced as a result of the dV/dt during the oscillatory transient voltage app1ication. The scattering of the negative actual breakdown voltages was much larger than that of the positive.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2016

PURPOSE. To investigate the void parameters within the resin cements used for fiber post cementation by micro-CT (${\mu}CT$) and regional push-out bonding strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Twenty-one, single and round shaped roots were enlarged with a low-speed drill following by endodontic treatment. The roots were divided into three groups (n=7) and fiber posts were cemented with Maxcem Elite, Multilink N and Superbond C&B resin cements. Specimens were scanned using ${\mu}CT$ scanner at resolution of $13.7{\mu}m$. The number, area, and volume of voids between dentin and post were evaluated. A method of analysis based on the post segmentation was used, and coronal, middle and apical thirds considered separately. After the ${\mu}CT$ analysis, roots were embedded in epoxy resin and sectioned into 2 mm thick slices (63 sections in total). Push-out testing was performed with universal testing device at 0.5 mm/min cross-head speed. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. Overall, significant differences between the resin cements and the post level were observed in the void number, area, and volume (P<.05). Super-Bond C&B showed the most void formation ($44.86{\pm}22.71$). Multilink N showed the least void surface ($3.51{\pm}2.24mm^2$) and volume ($0.01{\pm}0.01mm^3$). Regional push-out bond strength of the cements was not different (P>.05). CONCLUSION. ${\mu}CT$ proved to be a powerful non-destructive 3D analysis tool for visualizing the void parameters. Multilink N had the lowest void parameters. When efficiency of all cements was evaluated, direct relationship between the post region and push-out bonding strength was not observed.

• 멤브레인
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2004

인공피부 관련 기술은 1980년대에서는 혈액이나 생체 이식에 적합한 필터/붕대/패드/기타 피복용품의 제조기술(A6IF)에 속하는 것으로 모 또는 피부이식기술 분류(A6IF-002/10)가 주요 연구과제로 진행되어 오다가 1990년대 이후에는 보철 또는 보철물을 피복 또는 코팅을 위한 소재분류(A6IL-027/00)로 전환되어 현재에 이르고 있다. 이것은 초기 피부이식 자체의 외과적인 처리기술에 필요한 기술로 시작되어 점차 소재기술로 큰 전환점을 맞이하였고, 즘 더 나아가서 세포 및 조직 배양기술 (Cl2N-005/00, Cl2N-005/06)의 접목으로 고도화되고 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 전반적인 기술적 수준은 미국이 가장 앞서 있으며, 유럽, 일본, 한국의 상황은 북미 지역에 비해 약간 뒤지고 있으나, 세포를 배양하는 기술적인 수준의 차이는 크지 않다고 보여지며, 아직도 배양피부의 색상, 항균성, 생체적합성 등에서 개선의 과제가 남아 있다고 보여진다 따라서 부작용 가능성 해소, 보급 확대를 위한 제품생산 코스트 인하, 대량생산 시스템 구축, 제품인식도 제고 등이 필요한 것으로 파악되고 있다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.959-960
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• 2010

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 12th Asian Congress of Fluid Mechanics
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• pp.47.1-47.1
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• 2008

• 천문학회지
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• 제29권spc1호
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• pp.443-444
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• 1996

From 146 B.C. to A.D. 1760, 363 sets of cometary observations have been recorded in Chinese Ancient Records of Celestial Phenomena. The positions of all recorded comets, or their paths, on the sky are compared. Taking into account the perturbations of all nine planets and using the numerical method of N-body problem, the orbits of well-recorded comets are calculated. Identification of a periodic comet is presented.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2012

Purpose: Urinary excretion of N acetyl-beta-D glucosaminidase (NAG) and ${\beta}_2$-microglobulin (${\beta}_2$-M) was increased in the presence of proximal tubular damage. Based on these urinary materials, we investigated the ability of expecting renal function in chronic glomerular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) urinary NAG, and urinary ${\beta}_2$-M. Methods: We evaluated 52 children with chronic kidney disease at the Chung-Ang University Hospital between January 2003 and August 2009. We investigated the 24-hour urinalysis and hematologic values in all 52 patients. Serum creatinine, creatinine clearance (Ccr), serum cystatin C, urinary ${\beta}_2$-M and urinary NAG were measured. Results: Out of 52 patients, there were 13 children with minimal change in disease, 3 children with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, 17 children with immunoglobulin A nephropathy, 15 children with Henoch-Sch$\ddot{o}$nlein purpua nephritis, 3 children with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, and 1 child with thin glomerular basement membrane disease. In these patients, there were significant correlation between the Ccr and urinary NAG (r=-0.817; $P$ <0.01), and between the GFR (as determined by Schwartz method) and urinary NAG (r=-0.821; $P$ <0.01). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the GFR (as determined by Bokencamp method) and urinary NAG (r=-0.858; $P$ <0.01). Conclusion: In our study, there was a significant correlation between the GFR and urinary NAG, but there was no correlation between the GFR and urinary ${\beta}_2$-M, suggesting that the GFR can be predicted by urinary NAG in patients with chronic glomerular disease.