• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.524-532
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• 2003

The change of interactions of anionic surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) and sodium tetradecyl sulfate(575) in the presence of electrolytes, to the chitosan-based polyelectrolyte(sol＇n and gel phase) were studied. The chitosan gel used in this study were crosslinked with epichlorohydrin(ECH). Binding isotherms were determined by potentiometric technique using a surfactant ion selective solid-state electrode and the results were represented by using the sequence generating function(SGF) method. The results of binding isotherm were shown comparatively high cooperativity. The addition of electrolytes in the chitosan/SDS system resulted in a shift of the binding to higher free surfactant concentration because of screen effect by the electrolytes. Degree of binding of chitosan gel was higher than that of chitosan sol＇n. And also a conformational phase transition of the chitosan gel in the presence of electrolytes has been investigated.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.57-64
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• 2012

Computing environment combined with development of internet and IT technology is changing to cloud computing environment. In addition, cloud computing is revitalized more because of propagation of LTE and suggestion of N-screen Service. Virtualization is the point technology for suggest IT resource to service form to users in this cloud computing. This technology combines other system physically or divides one system logically and uses resource efficiently. Many users can be provided application and hardware as needed using this. But, lately various attack using weak point of virtualization technology are increasing rapidly. In this study, we analyze type and weak point of virtualization technology, the point of cloud computing. And we study about function and the position which intrusion detection system has to prepare in order to detect and block attack using this.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.561-569
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• 1999

The effects of longitudinal heat conduction on the performance of heat transfer surfaces are investigated by using a single-blow method. In the transient testing method for determining the heat transfer characteristics, exponential inlet temperature variations are made by using screen-mesh heater with small time constant and low frontal velocities of the test section, and the experimentally determined inlet temperature profile is used as the inlet fluid temperature condition. The effects of longitudinal heat conduction are negligible only if $\gamma^\act<0.05\;and \;N_{tu}\le3$ and should be considered if $N_{tu}\le3$ The test results ate compared with the existing theoretical and experimental data and the validity of this technique is confirmed by the good agreement.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical features of methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning. Methods: This single-center retrospective observational study included patients with toxic alcohol poisoning who visited a regional emergency medical center. Patients with methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning from January 2004 to June 2023 were selected for the study using diagnostic codes. Results: Twenty-two patients with toxic alcohol poisoning visited during the study period, with 11 patients for each category. Compared to methanol poisoning, ethylene glycol poisoning patients were more likely to have consumed alcohol for suicidal purposes (n=4 [36.36%] vs. n=8 [72.73%]) and were more likely to be drowsy (n=0 vs. n=6 [54.55%], p=0.016). The anion gap (25.43±8.35 mmol/L vs. 13.22±6.23 mmol/L, p=0.001) and lactic acid levels (1.785 [1.3-2.785] mmol/L vs. 9.90 [4.20-11.81] mmol/L, p=0.007) were higher in ethylene glycol poisoning patients than in methanol poisoning patients. Among alcohol dehydrogenase blockers, oral ethanol was administered to 10 patients (45.45%) (n=4 [36.36%] vs. n=6 [54.55%]), and intravenous ethanol was administered to six patients (n=4 [36.36%] vs. n=2 [18.18%]). Fomepizole was administered to two patients (9.09%) each, and renal replacement therapy was non-significantly more common in patients with ethylene glycol poisoning (n=8 [72.73%] vs. n=3 [27.27%], p=0.128). Three patients had delays in diagnosis and treatment, and while there were no fatalities, one patient was left with permanent vision damage. Conclusion: Because these are uncommon types of poisoning and the clinical presentation is difficult to recognize early, healthcare providers should be familiar with toxic alcohol types and screen for them to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.393-399
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• 2007

In principle, the blood galactose level may be determined conveniently with a strip-type biosensor similar to that for glucose. In this study, we describe the development of a disposable galactose biosensor strip for point-of-care testing. The sensor strip is constructed with screen-printed carbon paste electrode (SPCE) and sample amount (< $100{\mu}L$). The developed strip the galactose level in less than 90 s using bienzymatic system of galactose oxidase (GAO) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The effects of pH, mediator (1,1-ferrocenedimethanol) concentration, ratio of enzymes, and applied potential were determined preliminarily with glassy carbon electrodes, and optimized further with the strip-type electrodes. The sensor exhibits linear response in the range of $0{\sim}400{\mu}M$ ($r^2$ = 0.997, S/N = 3). Since a low working potential, in principle, the fabricated disposable galactose biosensor has -100 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl), it is applied for the detection of galactose, interfering responses from common interferents such as ascorbic acid, uric acid and acetaminophen could be minimized. The sensor has been used to determine the total galactose level in standard samples with satisfactory reproducibility (CV = 5 %).

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.280-280
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• 2010

태양전지의 효율을 증가시키는 방법에는 표면 패시베이션, 접촉면적의 가변, back contact의 두께 가변 등이 있다. 특히, back contact 두께의 가변을 통하여 open circuit voltage의 감소를 최소화 할 수 있을 것이라고 전망 되고 있다. open circuit voltage 은 회로가 개방된 상태로, 무한대의 임피던스가 걸린 상태에서 빛을 받았을 때 태양전지의 양단에 전위차가 형성된다. 본 연구에서는 back contact 두께 가변에 따른, open circuit voltage의 변화를 확인하고 분석하는 것에 그 일차적인 초점을 두었다. 또한, open circuit voltage 뿐만 아니라, short circuit current density, fill factor, series resistance 등의 분석을 하였으며, efficiency를 계산하여 back contact 두께의 가변에 따른 소자 특성의 변화 분석을 통하여 최적화된 back contact위 두께를 연구하였다. 접촉면적에 따른 소자의 성능 변화는 후면 $SiN_X$ 70nm가 open circuit voltage를 15mV ~ 20mV 감소시키는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 그 이유는 $SiN_X$가 너무 두꺼우면 BSF 덜 형성되기 때문이다. 최종적으로 $SiN_X$ 두께를 얇게하면 open circuit voltage 의 감소를 최소화 할 수 있을 것이라는 판단을 할 수 있다. 이에, back contact인 $SiN_X$ 두께 가변에 따른 open circuit voltage의 변화를 확인하였다. $SiN_X$ 두께가 증가함에 따라, Positive charges 와 Hydrogen 함유량이 증가하며, 이에 BSF 두께 감소하였다. 또한, $SiN_X$ 두께가 감소함에 따라 Doping barrier로서 역할을 못하게 되어 후면에 n+층 형성되어 open circuit voltage가 급격히 하락하였다. 본 연구에서는 back contact인 $SiN_X$ 두께를 10nm, 30nm, 50nm, 80nm 로 가변하며 실험을 진행하였다.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.258-265
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• 2001

Objectives : Chronic alcohol consumption has been known to result in various neurocognitive deficits. Many neuropsychological studies revealed that the major disturbances occurred in the executive function, learning and short-term memory, visuospatial performance function, perceptuo-motor skills, and abstraction and problem solving abilities. This study was done to identify which cognitive areas might be mainly affected. Methods : The cognitive disturbance was evaluated using the Korean Version of the Mini Mental State Examination(MMSEK) and the 7 Minute Screen(7MS) in male inpatients with alcohol dependence(N=3 : as well as in age and education level matched healthy male controls(N=30). Four individual tests of the 7MS were consisted of the Benton Temporal Orientation Test, the Enhanced Cued Recall, the Clock Drawing and the Category Fluency. Results : 1) The average scores of four individual test of the 7MS for the alcoholics were $2.77{\pm}4.38$ for the Benton Temporal Orientation Test, $13.90{\pm}2.02$ for the Memory Test(the Cued Recall $6.77{\pm}1.94$, the Uncued Recall $7.10{\pm}2.45$), $5.84{\pm}1.86$ for the Clock Drawing, and $12.58{\pm}3.29$ for the Category Fluency. Except the Benton Temporal Orientation Test, there were statistically significant differences between test scores of alcoholics and those of controls(p<0.01). 2) The alcoholics who had MMSE-K score <24 were 9.68%. The average(${\pm}S.D.$) score of the MMSE-K for the patient group($27.23{\pm}2.62$) was significantly(p<0.001) lower than that of the healthy controls($29.20{\pm}1.24$). There were no statistically significant differences between four individual test scores of the 7MS of alcoholics with the MMSE-K score <24(N=3) and those of alcoholics with the MMSE-K score ${\geq}24$(N=28). 3) Four individual test scores of the 7MS seemed to have statistically significant association with such variables as MMSE-K, duration of alcohol drinking, blood magnesium concentration, liver function and thyroid function. Conclusion : Mild deficits of cognitive areas such as orientation, memory, visuospatial abilities and verbal fluency could be found in alcohol dependence.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.96-107
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effects of 8weeks Kettlebell training on the FMS and Balance in Middle school baseball player. Fourteen middle school baseball players were randomly assigned to a kettlebell group (n=8) and a control group (n=6), and kettlebell training was applied twice a week for 60 minutes. And the FMS, Y-balance test and static and dynamic balance test using smart shoes were tested before and after kettlebell training. Repeated two-way ANOVA measures was performed both before and after the exercise to verify the effect of kettlebell training. Also, if there was an interaction between time and group, a paired sample t-test was performed for each group. As a results of the study, FMS score showed a significant difference in IL (Inline Lunge) and TS(Total Score), and there was no significant difference in other variables of FMS. The YBT score showed a significant difference in all YBT variables except for the left AT. And the balance test using smart shoes, there was no significant interaction effect between group and period in all variables. In conclusion, it was found that the application of kettlebell training in middle school baseball players had an effects on the FMS and YBT scores related to functional movement and functional balance, but it did not affect the static/dynamic balance test using smart shoes evaluated by the foot pressure method. It seems that the results of this study can be provided as basic data necessary for planning a training program for middle school baseball players.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.43-44
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• 2013

최근 멀티미디어 콘텐츠(영화, 음악 등)를 스마트폰이나 태블릿 PC, 랩탑 등의 기기에서 끊김 없이 연속적으로 받을 수 있는 N 스크린에 대한 관심이 커지고 있다. 기존에도 화질에 대한 향상을 위한 부선 자원 관리 문제를 푼 경우는 있었지만 다양한 기기의 해상도를 고려하는 N스크린 서비스의 화질 불균형 문제를 해결하고자 하는 노력은 부족했다. 본 논문은 N스크린 멀티캐스트 환경에서 기기의 해상도와 각 그룹마다 시용자의 만족도를 고려한 다중 레이어의 중요도를 새롭게 정의하고, 정의된 중요도에 따라 각 멀티캐스트 그룹의 통신 대역폭과 모듈레이션을 조정해 사용자의 만족도를 최대화하는 과정을 소개하고 있다. 또한 시뮬레이션 과정을 통해서 시각적 중요도를 가장 많이 증가시킬 수 있는 방법으로 자원을 할당하는 것이 실제로 멀티캐스트를 그룹 구성원들에게 화질의 이득을 가져오는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-10
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• 2000

The soft x-ray(10nm-100nm) interferometer is a modified Mach-Zehnder type interferometer and it consists of two beam-splitters and four totally reflecting mirrors. The beam-splitters used here are 50% transmission and 50% reflection grating type. The diffraction patterns of beam splitters(1st B.S.) were investigated with a He-Ne laser. The diffraction patterns produced by the soft x-ray interferometer (2nd B.S.) were also investigated in intensities positions. The diffraction patterns of 20 degree grazing incidence on the beam splitters(1st B.S.) show a circular array of spots. Both the reflected and the transmitted beams show the same patterns but symmetric circles on the screen. The maximum intensity appears roughly when n is in the zeroth and odd orders and the suppressed peak(missing order) appears when n is in even orders. Intensities of 3 center fringes(n = 0, $\pm$1) are stronger than others. These results confirm the reduced grating equation and make agree with the intensity distribution function. It was found that the final patterns produced by the soft x-ray interferometer (2nd B.S.) consisted of fine fringes which were caused by two of three diffraction beams that were arrived at the second beam-splitter.