• Journal of Arbitration Studies
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.59-81
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find a solution to disputes in the process of producing digital music sources. At present, the center of the world music market including the domestic market has been completely transformed from the tangible musical record market to the intangible sound source market. Due to these environmental changes, the music production process becomes industrialized and specialized, causing conflicts of interest among the individuals in the process. First of all, this study examined changes in the music market which is the background of the dispute, identified the problems of the process and suggested solutions while summarizing the meaning and role of each process of producing a sound source that may arise during the sound production process. This study covers plagiarism between producers, copyright infringement of the creator against assistant creator caused by the industrialization and division of the production environment, issues related to the rights of sound engineers whose role and importance become bigger as acoustic technology develops and music genres become more diverse, and vertical hierarchy due to the formation of oligopoly by several distributors with huge capital. As a result of the study, it was concluded that Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) system is suitable for solving these problems. Specific methods of using ADR include activation of the dispute settlement system of the Korea Copyright Commission, active use of the arbitration clause specified in the standard contract, and recalculation of labor costs and earnings from copyright through mutual negotiations. This paper can be differentiated from previous studies in that it studied overall problems that might arise in the process of digital music source production and suggested ADR utilization as the solution.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.1025-1032
• /
• 2017

Recently the domestic popular song market has been growing mainly in digital sound sources. As a result of analyzing the top 100 music charts from 2012 to 2016 through digital sound sources and musical scores, the average annual BPM has fallen by 11.26 over five years. Every year, The style of music has diversified every year, and the proportion of Hip-hop has doubled from 8.5% in 2012 to 17.8% in 2015. Dance music and ballads have a high preference rate, but the relationship is inversely proportional. Singer composition was inversely proportional to the ratio of female solo to male group. Especially, the relationship between BPM and the Major/Minor key is that 81.42% for slow tempo songs is Major key and 53.85% for fast tempo songs is minor key. In the case of TV drama OST, the solo singer 's music was preferred, the music style was 80% pop and 20% ballad.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.231-256
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the distinctiveness and problem areas in cataloging rules of printed music. In this study, therefore, the characteristics, kinds, and cataloging rules related to a printed music are examined first as the backgrounds. Then the sources of information, title and general material designation, musical representation statement, publication.distribution.etc., physical description, notes, etc. in ISBD(PM), Chapter 5 Music of AACR2R 2002 Revision 2004 Update, and Chapter 5 Music of KCR4 are analyzed. And also printed music parts in Bibliographic Data of KORMARC and MARC21 are analyzed. Finally, the special issues and some problems to be considered in cataloging of printed music in KCR4 are presented.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.15-25
• /
• 2016

A number of studies in recent years of have begun to look at the connection between country affinity (an interest in and admiration of a particular country) and a desire to buy the products and services of that country. Country affinity has been shown to be particularly important when consumers lack other sources of information about a good or service. However, except for direct questioning, methods to identify the affinity consumers might have for another country are lacking. This study examines the degree to which attending a movie set in a particular country will be related to an affinity for that country and possibly by extension the goods and services of that country. It is not the goal of this study to suggest that movies create the affinity, but rather that that the affinity will exist for viewers of the films. Two films set in Ireland and featuring Irish actors where shown to audiences composed of Korean students and a small number of Korean adults. As a point of comparison, students in two introductory consumer classes were also asked to complete a similar questionnaire. Four affinity factors were identified from a list of 17 items. Those who attended the historical drama showed a greater affinity for Ireland than those who attended the romantic musical. Affinity for Ireland among Koreans was also meaningful in predicting interest in purchasing Irish products.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.101-107
• /
• 2012

This study describes a proposed method of converting an input sound signal into a color image by emulating human synesthetic skills which make it possible to associate an sound source with a specific color image. As a first step of sound-to-image conversion, features such as fundamental frequency(F0) and energy are extracted from an input sound source. Then, a musical scale and an octave can be calculated from F0 signals, so that scale, energy and octave can be converted into three elements of HSI model such hue, saturation and intensity, respectively. Finally, a color image with the BMP file format is created as an output of the process of the HSI-to-RGB conversion. We built a basic system on the basis of the proposed method using a standard C-programming. The simulation results revealed that output color images with the BMP file format created from input sound sources have diverse hues corresponding to the change of the F0 signals, where the hue elements have different intensities depending on octaves with the minimum frequency of 20Hz. Furthermore, output images also have various levels of chroma(or saturation) which is directly converted from the energy.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.73-88
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to analyze the trend of research related with unmarried mother. Method: 81 theses about unmarried mother from 1972 to 2003 were analyzed according to the theses' characteristics, sources by publication period, research design, nursing intervention effect of experimental study and theme of qualitative research. Results: 1. The number of studies related with unmarried mother has progressively increased by year from 1972, and that of theses was highest during the period between 2000 to 2003. 2 As for study design, the number of quantitative studies were 73 and that of qualitative studies were 8. The majority of research design were survey and correlational studies. 3. Nursing intervention used in the experimental design were stress management program, eco-system support group, group art treatment, career education program, musical activities, prenatal education. All of experimental design were used in the after 2000. 4. The themes of qualitative studies were childbirth experience, a participatory on the life, mother's keeping a child, experience of pregnancy and delivery, the self-group program, the process and experience of becoming unmarried adolescent mother, needs of single mothers with child and policy of social welfare service, lived experience of hope. All of these were used in the after 1999. Conclusions: The summary of the above results shows a tendency that the study has increased by year. Especially, experimental study proved affirmative effect. However, for the unmarried mother, more experimental and qualitative studies are to be required.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.191-196
• /
• 2006

Human tend to rely their information about the size of a space on vision. However, it might be a common experience to perceive a certain difference in spaces without any visual difference, in such spaces as rooms for music performance, multimedia environments with multiple sound sources, and car cabins, where auditory experiences have a certain importance. In the present work, apparent auditory room size was measured at different positions in a room through a series of listening experiments. Also, measurement of room acoustic parameters was carried out and their relationships with perceived auditory room size were analyzed. The results suggest that apparent auditory room sizes were largely dependent on musical clarity, distance between a source and a receiver, and sound pressure level at the listening position. Also, the results from acoustic preference test suggest that smaller apparent room sizes were preferred for listening to orchestral, cello and flute music. The relationship between apparent auditory room size and vocal music was found to be statistically insignificant.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.18 no.8
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this paper is researching musical elements to analyze plagiarism between two sources. We first search digital music elements to analyze music source and examine how to use these in plagiarism analysis using compiler techniques. In addition we are used open source Java API JFugue to process complex MIDI music data simply. Therefore we designed music plagiarism analysis system by using MusicString which is supported in JFugue and construct AST after investigate MusicString's syntax processing elements to manipulate music plagiarism analysis efficiently. So far music plagiarism analysis is evaluated emotionally and subjectively. But this paper suggests first step to build plagiarism analysis systemically. If this research is well utilized, this is very meaningful to standardize systemically which music is plagiarized or not.

• Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
• /
• no.48
• /
• pp.509-547
• /
• 2012

The Seoul Arts Center is an representing Korean arts-complex consisting of the Opera House, the Concert Hall and the Museums. Since its opening in 1993, it has been established as a mecca of arts and the culture in Korea. Many local public theatres in Korea are benchmarking its operating system and policy. Unlike most European or American theatres, the Seoul Arts Center has no resident art companies. It is not a 'producing theatre' whose programming is mainly based on house productions with resident companies, but a 'presenting theatre' that is to be managed with rental and invitation programs without resident companies. The majority of the Korean public theatres are also presenting theatres. This study aims to research and analyze how the Seoul Arts Center has developed the programming of the Opera House for last 19 years and which challenges and issues it has been dealing with, and finally to propose what will be recommendable remedies for its successful future. The analysis is divided into four development stages: preparation period from 1981 to 1992, establishment period from 1993 to 1999, growth period from 2000 to 2006, and lastly crisis period from 2007 to 2011. Facing the 20th anniversary next year(2013), the Opera House of the Seoul Arts Center is going through recent critical situations: higher competitions among increased theatres, trends of commercial musical productions, and rapid declines in its house programs due to the low budget and unclear programming policy. I propose as a discussion to start a repositioning strategy as a Korea's representing arts-complex, utilizing all sources from inside and outside and having the policy direction.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.20
• /
• pp.241-274
• /
• 2010

Due to the remarkable changes in the early twentieth century, the new invention and technology impacted peoples' everyday lives and people started to use the word, modern, to apply specifically to what pertained to present times and to designate a movement in what was new and not old-fashioned-a condition of newness. In the present day, however, the fantastic cultural changes of a century ago have now become commonplace, and what was once considered radically new is no longer a reason to marvel. This paper considers what it mean to be modern, once the new is no longer new. This question seems to remain as complicated and inappropriate to ponder because the consideration and impact of modernity cannot simply end with the end of an era. This paper investigates how the interconnected nature of popular culture provides apt illustrations to reveal the ambivalent nature of modernity and postmodernity. In doing so, first of all, this paper pays attentions to the notion of modernity and popular culture which emerged together in the early twentieth century when technology and mass consumer culture were promoted over the world. Also, it examines how popular culture represents a complex of mutually-interdependent perspectives and values that influence society and its institutions in various ways as the image of modernity continues to build in a postmodern era. That is, popular culture is identified as a large amount of intertextuality or collective experiences due to its intermingling of complementary distribution sources and techonology. Thus, this paper explores that popular culture devotes itself other images or narratives instead of referring to the real world and its output revisits the contemporary or past times in other places, being a means to produce and reproduce the accumulated images of the modern which shapes ceaseless simulacra of modernity over complexities of modernity. In order to find a critical juncture of the complex networks of modernity and popular culture, this paper considers two places, Chicago and Gyeongsung in the 1920s and 1930s in which the rapid modern experience took place and the modern movement forced the two societies to join the mass consumer culture whether willingly or not. Next, this paper considers two movies released in 2002 and 2008 that exemplify the complexities of modernity in Chicago and Gyeongung of the 1920s and 30s: Chicago and Modern Boy. Both films have common themes of the 1920s and 30s such as violence, adultery, femme fatal, and criminal themes with the forms of musical, dance, drama, and romance. Through the textual analysis of both Chicago and Modern Boy, two films are compared in observing the similar and different ways in which two films deal with the theme of modernity when they are represented from the contemporary perspectives. More specifically, this paper questions how modernity is present in contemporary cultural forms such as commercial and hybrid genre films; and how these movies create a new image of modern by embodying the double coding. Ultimately, this paper aims at realizing the paradox of double edged modernity and its ongoing discourse that controls people's consciousness through the medium of popular culture.