• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.57-69
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• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ankle strengthening exercise combined with sling-assisted gluteus medius strengthening on ankle instability score, and static and dynamic balance ability, muscle strength in adults in their 20s with chronic ankle instability. Methods : Twenty-eight adults in their 20s with chronic ankle instability were recruited. After screening test, they were randomized through R studio program as an experimental group (n=14) to apply an ankle strengthening exercise combined with sling-assisted gluteus medius strengthening and a control group (n=14) to apply ankle strengthening exercise. The intervention lasted two times a week for 6 weeks. To compare the intervention effects, the Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT) score, static and dynamic balance ability, and muscle strength of lower extremities were measured. Results : The experimental group showed a significant increase in pre and post-intervention Cumberland ankle instability tool (CAIT) score, static and dynamic balance ability, and muscle strengt (p<.05). The control group showed a significant increase in pre and post-intervention CAIT score, dynamic balance ability, and muscle strength (p<.05). The experimental group showed a significant increase in CAIT score, dynamic balance ability, and muscle strength compared to the control group (p<.05), and showed a high effect size. Conclusions : The results of this study confirmed that ankle strengthening exercise combined with sling-assisted gluteus medius strengthening on people with chronic ankle instability the possibility that it could be effective in improving ankle instability and improving dynamic balance ability, and strength by movement. Although additional research is needed to increase the number of participants due to the small sample size, it is hoped that this study will be an optimistic clinical protocol for people with chronic ankle instability.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.73-85
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to discuss and analyze the change of GLUT-4 and muscle fiber type of streptozotocin(STZ)-diabetic rats over a period of 6 weeks. We divided into four groups; I(aquatic exercise and feeding of Cordyceps militaris; n=6), test group II(feeding of Cordyceps miliaris; n=6), test group III(aquatic exercise; n=6), control group IV(non-treatment; n=6). After experimenting we measured the blood glucose, body weight, muscle fiber type and GLUT-4 protein content. The change of glucose levels decreased greater in group I than the other group. The body weight gain was lower in the all groups. The change femoris muscle fiber type, the size of muscle fiber TypeII lessened more than the one of Type I in group IV. Decrease of muscle fiber size more diminishment in group I than the other group. GLUT-4 protein quantity decrease in group IV compared to normal group. It was significantly increased in group. I, III compared to group IV. But there was more increase in group I (p<.001). These results suggest that GLUT-4 and muscle fiber type II decrease in STZ-diabetic rats and that when we apply aquatic exercise and feeding of Cordyceps militaris in diabetic rats over a period 6 weeks, it is increase GLUT-4 and the increase of insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissue. So it is considered to be helpful in improvement of glucose homeostasis and in prevent from muscle atrophy resulted from complication.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

Purpose : This study was conducted to determine the effect of intervention using a smartphone application on abdominal muscle thickness and maximum voluntary ventilation when conducting pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME). Methods : This study was performed on 14 subjects. They were divided into two groups; PFME using smartphone application (n=7), common PFME (n=7). Both of group executed the exercise 5 times a week for 1 weeks. Abdominal muscle thickness was measured using ultrasound. Maximum voluntary ventilation was measured using a spirometer. The smartphone application used the paid version of Kegel trainer. This material was analyzed by the paired t-test to compare differences on each group and the independent t-test to compare between the two groups. Results : The PFME group using the smartphone application showed a significant increase in the transverse abdominis and internal oblique muscles (p<.05). The common PFME group showed a significant increase in the internal oblique muscle (p<.05). There was no significant difference in variation of the muscle thickness between the two groups (p>.05). The PFME group using the smartphone application showed a significant increase in the maximal voluntary ventilation (p<.05). There was no significant difference in variation of the maximal voluntary ventilation between the two groups (p>.05). Conclusion : As a results of this study, PFME using a smartphone application seems to induce voluntary participation of subjects and maintain continuity against time constraints. As a result, it is thought that using a smartphone application when performing PFME is efficient and convenient in terms of research method. However, this study is difficult to generalize due to the small number of subjects and short intervention period. Therefore, additional research should be conducted by modifying and supplementing these limitations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.5888-5896
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Yoga and Pilates training on the obesity indexes, muscle mass in each body part and physical fitness of male college students in an effort to provide some clinical information on exercise prescription. The subjects in this study were 20 selected obese male students. A yoga group and a pilates group were organized with 10 students each, and the training was provided for 12 weeks, 5 times a week, 90 minutes each. The findings of the study were as follows: First, both of yoga and pilates made significant differences to obesity indexes(an increase in skeletal muscle mass, a decrease in BMI, a decrease in body fat rate and a decrease in WHR), to muscle mass in each body part(an increase in muscle mass on the right arm, left arm, trunk, right leg, and left leg), and to physical fitness(an increase in lower extremity muscle strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, left balance and right balance). Second, pilates exercised a more signifiant influence than yoga on an increase in skeletal muscle mass, the improvement of muscle mass in each body part(an increase in muscle mass on the right arm, left arm, trunk, right leg and left leg), and the improvement of balance(left and right). Third, yoga had a more significant impact on a decrease in BMI, body fat rate and WHR. Given the findings of the study, yoga and pilates seem to be efficient exercise programs to improve the obesity indexes of obese male college students and promote their health.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.634-642
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of the study is to find out whether effect of acupuncture is depending on the diameter of needle, which is a possible component of dose of acupuncture needling. Methods : To compare acupuncture effects in different diameters of needle, we measured the changes in muscle fatigue recovery using surface electromyogram(sEMG) in healthy 8 volunteers. Muscle fatigue was induced by 20 times sit-up for 1 min. Immediately after induction of muscle fatigue, acupuncture needle was inserted into ST36 or ST25 for 10 min by diameters of 0.20 mm, 0.30 mm, or 0.40 mm needles. The sEMG recording was followed by acupuncture for 30 min. As a control group, sEMG was recorded for the same period at rest after muscle fatigue induction. Results : In both of ST 36 and ST 25, stimulation with 0.4 mm diameter needle showed significant rapid recovery followed by short period of muscle fatigue increase. Stimulation with 0.2 mm diameter significantly suppressed the increase of muscle fatigue. Conclusions : These data suggest that acupuncture effect is, at least in part, dependent on diameter of needle. Therefore, diameter of needle is also considered to achieve effective outcome of acupuncture.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.155-165
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle activities of Double Legged Jump (DLJ) and Single Legged Jump (SLJ) by the normalization of muscle activity. Eight college students without the lower extremity injuries were selected as subjects for collecting EMG data of vastus medialis and gastrocnemius. The entire section of motion was established as eccentric and concentric contractions, and each of the contractions was divided into three sections with equal timing intervals, which becomes a total of 6 phases. The EMG data of each phase was integrated and normalized. The muscle activities of the vastus medialis for both eccentric and concentric contractions were significantly different between DLJ and SLJ(p<.05). The increase in overall muscle activity of SLJ was 33.6%. Approximately, there was an increase of 25.9% in eccentric contraction and 40% in concentric contraction. Moreover, the data of the muscle activity of gastrocnemius was similar to the data of the muscle activity of vastus medialis. In conclusion, this research suggests muscle activity of a certain motion can be normalized for an analysis of another motion.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.496-508
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• 2020

This study reviews studies on the core stabilization of respiratory muscle training for the elderly health. Previous research data and presenting basic literature data suggest that respiratory activation is an important mechanism for core strengthening via exercise interventions for the elderly. The review found that first, the mechanism of improving the respiratory muscles weakened by aging to address the loss of core function due to old age sarcopenia among the elderly results entails promoting the autonomic nervous system by focusing on the respiratory muscle activation pattern, the core muscle sensation mobilized for body centering. Second, nerve roots, intraperitoneal pressure, and deep muscles in the trunk of the body can be promoted while controlling respiratory stimulation with cognitive feedback. Effortful inspiration increases the activation of respiratory assistive muscles and effortless exhalation can improve the core muscle mobilization by involving abdominal muscles. Third, through respiratory muscle training, the elderly can increase their awareness of spinal centering and improve the ability to control the deep core muscles that must be mobilized for core stabilization. In conclusion, respiratory muscle training to increase the utilization of the trunk muscles seems to be a useful core stabilization exercise for the elderly with chronic tension and joint degeneration.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.2135-2139
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• 2020

Background: Recently, a new method of dysphagia rehabilitation using Kinesio taping (KT) has been attempted and demonstrated an immediate increase in the activation of the suprahyoid muscle during swallowing in healthy adults. Objectives: To investigate the effect of dysphagia rehabilitation using KT on the thickness change of the suprahyoid muscle in patients with dysphagia after stroke. Design: Two-group pre-post design. Methods: In this study, 20 patients with dysphagia after stroke were enrolled and assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group applied KT to the front of the neck and repeatedly swallowed against the tension of the tape. On the other hand, the control group performed repeated swallowing without applying KT. Patients in both groups had swallowed 50 times a day/5 times a week for 4 weeks. For evaluation, the volume of the geniohyoid, mylohyoid, and digastric muscle was measured before and after the intervention using portable ultrasound equipment. Results: As a result of comparing the two groups after the intervention, the experimental group showed more volume increase in mylohyoid (P<.05) and digastric muscle (P<.05) than the control group. Conclusion: This study proved that suprahyoid muscle resistance exercise using KT is effective in increasing the volume of the suprahyoid muscle.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the plank exercise to strengthen the core muscles on the muscle thickness of external and internal obliques and transverse abdominis muscle depending on the form of the support surface. Methods: This study was randomized to 12 males and 12 females in their 20s and conducted three times a week for 4 weeks. The subjects were divided into the two groups and performed flank exercise on a stable surface (stable surface group) and an unstable surface (unstable surface group). A mat was used as a stable surface, and an TOGU used as a unstable surface. Results : In both stable and unstable surface, the thickness changes of the transverse abdominis and external and internal oblique muscle increased (p<.05). In the unstable surface, there was a greater increase in the thickness change of the transverse abdominis and external oblique muscles in the flank exercise than in the stable surface (p.<05). Among them, the greatest increase was found in the external abdominal muscle (p<.05). Conclusion : This study found that the flank exercise was more effective in strengthening the abdominal muscles on an unstable surface, when compared with the outcomes on a stable one. It is also thought to have the most effect on the muscle activity of the external oblique muscle on unstable surface.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1717-1724
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• 2019

Background : Several studies have suggested different arguments for the effect of stretching exercises and core muscle exercises on flexibility and balance ability. Objective : To determine the effects of stretching exercises and core muscle exercise on flexibility and balance ability. Design : Quasi experimental research Method : The study applied exercise interventions (three sessions per week for 6 weeks) on 40 subjects. The subjects were divided into stretching and core muscle exerciseing groups to identify the change of flexibility and balance ability. Sit- and- reach test results and hip hyperextension were measured for identifying changes in flexibility, and the Romberg test and Pedalo stabilizer were used for changes in balance ability. Results : Both the stretching exercise and core muscle exercise groups showed a statistically significant increase in flexibility (p<.05). However, the stretching exercise group showed a statistically significant increase in balance ability (p<.05), whereas the core muscle exercise group showed partially statistically significant differences in this par t(p>.05). In the analysis of the differences in the amount of change in flexibility, based on the types of exercise, stretching exercises showed a significant difference (p<.05), whereas a significant difference was not found in the amount of change in balance ability (p>.05). Conclusions : These findings indicate that stretching exercises are the more effective intervention for improving and maintaining flexibility, whereas there is no difference between stretching and core muscle exercises with respect to improving balance ability.