• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제27권3A호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 최대휘도표면을 이용한 색 항상성 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 방법은 인간의 시각 시스템의 특성을 표현한 선형 모델을 이용한다. 선형 모델에서 가장 중요한 과정은 영상에 존재하는 광원을 추정하는 것이다. 광원을 추정하기 위하여 먼저 영상에 존재하는 가장 밝은 표면의 반사되는 분광 방사 에너지 분포를 추정한다. 그리고 이 표면에 해당하는 분광 반사율을 먼셀색표의 주성분분석을 통하여 추정한다. 추정한 분광 방사 에너지 분포와 분광 반사율을 이용하여 광원을 추정한다. 추정한 광원을 이용하여 영상을 복원할 때 밝기 보정을 위하여 일정한 계수를 사용한다. 실험 결과를 통하여 제안한 최대휘도표면을 이용한 방법이 기존 방법보다 색 항상성에 효과적인 방법임을 증명한다.

• 감성과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.571-581
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• 2007

이 컬러 인식 점자 시스템은 시각장애인의 대부분인 후천적 시각장애인들의 색인지를 돕기 위한 시스템으로 이는 후천적 시각장애인들의 대다수가 시력을 잃기 전 색을 인지하고 있었다는 점에 착안한 것이다. 이 시스템은 전 세계적 약속체계이고 색체계 중 가장 범용되는 먼셀 색체계를 기반으로 간단한 인지체계와 조형원리를 활용하여 색을 정확히 인지할 수 있다는 특징이 있으며 단순히 색상만 인지할 수 있는 것이 아닌 채도, 명도까지 확인이 가능, 총합 153가지의 색상을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 기존 점자 사용과의 이질감을 최소화하기 위해 점자의 위치와 돌출 정도만 변화를 준 단순한 디자인으로 실생활에 쉽게 사용이 가능하며 다양한 분야에 적용될 수 있으리라 사료된다. 이 시각장애인을 위한 컬러 인식 점자 시스템이 다양한 분야에 적용되어 시각장애인들이 색인지를 통해 사회와 소통, 일반인과 동등한 입장에서 문화생활을 누리게 되길 기대한다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.612-621
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• 2011

The process of making or cultivating indigo dyes is very cumbersome and complex. The dye extraction and dyeing methods using general plant dye, moth repellent dye, fast acting natural dye, and other dyes are very different. This research investigates the extraction of indigo dye and liquid dye extraction of polygonum(indigo) plants using calcium oxide water. While extracting indigo dye the concentration of purified indigo dye may be controlled by adjusting the pH level. Due to the various uses of dyes the adjustment of surface color must be considered. In regard to the change according to different concentrations of reducing agents, it was found that cotton fabrics and ramie fabrics show the highest color difference at 0.4% and 0.3% respectively. As the reduction temperature increases, the color difference increases as well. The maximum color difference was found to appear at $90^{\circ}C$. Cotton fabrics and ramie fabrics showed 70.55 and 67.01 respectively. The color difference increases as the concentration of dyes increases, but at a concentration of 300%, cotton fabrics was found to show 6.22PB in H value using the Munsell color system, containing purple and blue color. The pH of the polygonum dyes extracted through this experiment were adjusted by adding calcium oxide to the experimental water, without directly adding calcium oxide to the liquid polygonum extract. In a refine state, it was mixed with polygonum extract to extract a more refine and highly concentrated indigo dye. When lye and reducing agents are added to extracted indigo dye and sealed for long-term storage, it can be effective and easily used for dyeing.

• 복식
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.101-116
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• 2010

The purpose of this thesis is in investigating the Korean twenties face color, according to the seasons, thus presenting a sample Korean Facial Color Map. The face is divided into 20 parts to take measures, and investigated through the four seasons. Minolta Chrome Meter CR-200 has been used for taking measures of the face color. Measuring subjects and area are, University students of both sex, living in the Suncheon. They are of ages the twenties. Classified measuring values of the skin colors are expressed following to the A. H. Munsell's color system. The result of this study is as followed. When comparing parts among male and female(make-up and no make-up) groups for changes with seasonal hue and value of a face color, differences have been sighted among these three groups following the seasons ; Spring(March), Summer(June), Autumn (September) and Winter(December). According to the result of Duncan's proof, the differences of the women group with the make-up attitude was shown only in value from Summer and Autumn, but no differences have been sighted between the make-up group and the no make-up group, concerning hue. Concerning hue, it was shown that men had a redder hue than women in all seasons. In Spring, both men and women had the strongest red hue, then from Summer to Autumn a strong yellowish hue appeared, to make place to a diverse coloring in Winter, followed by a reddish hue, to start all over again. Value number proved to be lower in the Summer and Autumn for the no make-up group when compared to the make-up group, showing an averaging high number for all seasons when putting on make-up; and men value number shows the lowest of the three groups.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.444-449
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to measure the hair melanins of various colors and to find the relationship between the quantity of melanins and hair color phenotypes in alpacas. According to the Munsell color system, 3 healthy alpacas were selected for each of the 22 different hair color phenotypes (66 alpacas altogether). Alpaca hair was taken from the lateral thoracic region and then dissolved with different solutions to obtain melanins. The values of alkali-soluble melanins (ASM), eumelanin (EM) and pheomelanin (PM) were measured by spectrophotometric assay, and labeled as Sp.ASM, Sp.EM and Sp.PM, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS11.5 software. Results showed that average Sp.ASM and Sp.PM were increased as the color deepened from white to black, ranging from 0.500 to 4.543 for Sp.ASM and from 0.268 to 1.457 for Sp.EM. However, average Sp.PM had no such apparent relationship with color. Based on the value of Sp.ASM and EM, 7 hues were produced and gray was a single hue. Most of the data were in a normal distribution (p>0.10). ANOVA analysis showed that mean values of Sp.ASM, Sp.EM and Sp.PM were significantly different (p<0.05). The results also showed that Sp.ASM was positively correlated with Sp.EM but the correlation between Sp.ASM and Sp.PM was not significantly different from 0. It is concluded that EM is the major constituent of alpaca hair melanin; there is a significant correlation among ASM, EM and alpaca hair colors, and EM is the most reliable parameter for distinguishing these groups.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.263-268
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• 2011

One-step reduction/dyeing method was applied for ramie dyeing with natural indigo powder. The effect of reduction/dyeing conditions including the pH of bath, dye temperature and time, and concentration of indigo powder and reduction agent on dye uptake and color properties were investigated. Regardless of addition of alkali, the dyed fabrics appeared in the PB Munsell color range(${\lambda}_{max}$: 660 nm) and the dye uptake was much higher with no addition of sodium hydroxide. Dyeing was carried out through the use of only sodium hydrosulfite in the bath. The maximum dye uptake was obtained at 60 for 30min. Saturated dye uptake was obtained at 2 g/L of sodium hydrosulfite concentration up to 2 g/ L of indigo powder. Whereas, at higher indigo powder concentration (4 g/L), more than 3 g/L of reducing agent concentration was required for obtaining the saturated dye uptake. Color reproducibility was reliable with color difference in the range of 0.03~0.16. Regardless of color strength, fastness to rubbing was acceptable with a 3/4~4/5. Fastness to washing, dry cleaning, and light of samples with low color strength were poor. Whereas, fastness to washing, dry cleaning, and light of samples with high color strength were very good.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.193-204
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• 2002

Many fashion forecasting companies propose the fashion colors in every season. Modern fashion consumer respond to fashionable trends with utmost sensitivity. Therefore to satisfy the consumer with an trendy image, the fashion design must be found first, as image matters, followed by an analysis of each design element's effect on the total image composition. In previous studies of fashion image, has been discussed the positive correlation between fashion design elements of color, fabric, and form as the central issue. In this thesis, two of the fashion design elements, color and fabric are simultaneously considered to classify the image of fabric in fashion. For the color variables, 10 hues are selected from Munsell's system of color notation, and 12 tones from PCCS color notation., which are currently used in the domestic fashion industry. Texture variables used in this survey are classified by luster, prominence-depression of surface, thickness, and density of fabric. Graduate students from 20 to 50 years old and the specialists in fashion companies participated in the survey. The results of this survey are as follows: 1. The fashion fabric image is classified as 5 main images: 'elegant', 'comfortable', 'characteristic', 'light'and 'simple'. 2. The influence of hue, tone and texture is significant to the fashion fabric image. Following colors, yellow-red, red hues and light grayish, dark grayish tones convey the elegant image. The texture property for the elegant image is luster, thin and low density. Properties of fabric conveying the comfortable image are yellow-red and green-yellow hue, soft, light tones, matte and high density. Furthermore, hue turned out to be a insignificant variables for the unique image, whereas dark grayish, grayish tone, luster and prominent texture convey a unique image. For light image, properties of fabric are blue-green, purple hues, light, bright tones with thin, low density texture. Properties of fabric conveying the simple image are blue-green, purple-blue, green-yellow hues, and strong, vivid tones, with luster and flat texture.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.863-873
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 작업자의 안전을 확보하기 위하여, 건설 현장의 안전조끼 색채에 대한 문제점을 고찰하였다. 먼셀표색계와 색채분석 프로그램을 이용하여 건설 작업종류에 따른 작업용 안전조끼의 프로토타입을 제시하였다. 현장 작업환경의 전체적인 색채와 대비되는 안전조끼를 착용하면, 작업자들을 직관적으로 구별이 가능하고 시인성이 높아져서 안전사고의 발생을 감소시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 철근배근 작업, 유로폼 거푸집 작업, 갱폼 거푸집 작업, 철골 세우기 작업자의 안전조끼의 색(색상, 명도, 채도)은 철근배근 작업자용 조끼는 10GY, 8, 8 유로폼 8.75B, 7, 8 갱폼 3.75B, 2, 4 철골 세우기 6.25BG, 5, 10이 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 각 공종별 작업자에 대한 안전조끼의 프로토타입에 대한 전문가의 의견은 철근공사와 철골공사 작업 관련 안전조끼 색에 대해서는 90% 이상의 매우 긍정적인 것으로 나타나 제시된 안이 적절한 것으로 판단된다.

• 복식
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.103-121
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to provide basic information to improve competitiveness of Korean fashion brands in the Chinese fashion market by taking photos of street styles in Seoul that is the hub of Korean fashion and in Dalian, the northeastern district where Korean fashion brands are launched as a test market China to compare and analyze the clothing colors preferred mostly by young women in their twenties and thirties who have the highest purchasing power. The study methods used literature review and empirical study simultaneously. Dalian and Seoul are two fashion cities in northeast of China and Korea where street fashion was photographed. Clothing colors that were mainly worn by young women in their twenties and thirties were qualitatively analyzed using the photos taken. Color analysis was based on the Munsell Color Order System to grasp general preferences of colors on the basis of previous researches, and color tones were based on the ISCC-NBS System. In order to grasp the basic materials on Seoul, the Korean fashion city and Dalian, the northeastern fashion city in China, street fashion styles of 2010/11 F/W season were compared and analyzed. As a result, black and deep tone PB color appeared most frequently. The vivid and strong tone of R, YR, Y color showed high frequency of clothing colors. For the top wear, women in both areas preferred similar tones in the YR color category and Dalian women preferred vivider and brighter S tones in the R color category. For the bottom wear, women in both areas highly preferred achromatic colors and colors in the PB color category. For bags, women in both areas preferred black and colors in the YR color category. Finally, for the shoes, while women in both areas preferred black in the achromatic color category, they showed different color preferences in the chromatic color category. R color categories were preferred by the women in Seoul and the YR color categories were preferred by the women in Dalian. Conclusively, women in both cities highly preferred achromatic colors especially black for the top and bottom wear, bags, and shoes. It may reflect their desire to look refined and slender through colors. Moreover, continuous and steady research on fashion trends in Seoul and Dalian may have positive effects on Korean fashion businesses that plan to be launched in China, the area of competition for global brands.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.317-326
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• 1999

한국전통색이란 시대를 초월하여 한국민족의 삶속에 살아있는 색이다. 이러한 전통색 중 한국전통색을 대표하는 청·홍의 색조특성을 알아보기 위하여 조선시대의 색명과 염직유물의 색조를 조사하였다. 한국전통색 청·홍의 색조를 조사하기 위해여 먼저 조선시대의 문헌을 통하여 출현색명을 조사하였다. 색조를 나타내는 한국말에는 대단히 다양한 형용사가 앞에 붙어 색조를 특징짓는다. 색명에는 여러유형의 형용사들이 앞에 붙는데, 그 중에 대표적인 것은 농색과 담색을 나타내는 형용사들이다. 이처럼 제한된 색명의 가능성을 증가시키기 위하여 조선인들은 다양한 톤의 청색계(32색)와 홍색계(40개)의 색명을 만들어 내었다. 이러한 청·홍색계의 출현율은 대단히 높고, 조선시대의 궁중복식에서도 주조색으로서 사용되었다. 조선인은 다양한 청·홍색계의 배색으로 그들의 음양론에 기초한 색체관과 세련된 미의식을 표현하였다. 박물관에 있는 염직유물들의 색체는 측색되어 먼셀컬러시스템과 ISCC-NBS의 계통색명법에 의해 분류되고, 고찰되었다. 또한 전통색조인 남염과 홍화염이 산업체에서 이용되어지도록, 남염과 홍화염의 염색방법을 계량화하여, 데이터를 제시하였다.