• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 1994

Information on the heating values of municipal solid wastes is very important in evaluating the feasibility of incineration and RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) manufacture. This paper describes the forecasting methods about the lower heating values of municipal solid wastes. The lower heating values are forecast by the heating values of physical components. The municipal solid wastes consist of paper, food wastes, textiles, plastics, wood and rubber (contained leather). These are the physical components of municipal solid wastes.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2003

The objective of this study was investigate the generation rates, composition, proportion and calorific values each of material in the municipal solid wastes as well as the effect of incineration residual leachate on the environment in Yangsan sanitary landfill site. The results were as follows ; The annual average generation rate of municipal solid wastes in Yang-san is approximately 2.0 kg/cㆍd. The weight percent of combustible matters is on average 78∼87% and the lower heating values of municipal solid wastes is measured to be more than 2,151 kcal/kg after removing the briquette component. The food waste was major source of solid wastes in Yang-san city as 35% and its variation by seasons was negligible. Combustible part was larger than incombustible part of the domestic solid wastes in spring and summer. It is recommended that municipal solid wastes be treated by multiple methods such as the sanitary landfill, resources and recovery, composting and incineration.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.529-542
• /
• 2019

Nowadays, drying methods for municipal solid waste quality improvement have been adopted in the developed and developing countries to valorize wastes for a renewable energy source, reduce dependency on fossil fuel and keep safer disposal at landfills. Among them, biodrying, biostabilization, thermal drying and solar drying are the most common. Drying of municipal solid waste could offer several environmental and economic benefits. Therefore, this review highlighted the drying methods for municipal solid waste quality improvement around the world and compared them based on the reduction of moisture, weight and volume of municipal solid wastes against drying temperature and time by using statistical analysis. It was observed that the drying temperature of different drying methods accounted for 115 ± 40℃ for thermal drying, 59 ± 37℃ for solar drying, 55 ± 15℃ for biodrying and 58 ± 11℃ for biostabilization. Among the drying methods, thermal drying provided the shortest drying time. The moisture reduction, weight reduction, volume reduction and heating value increase of municipal solid waste could vary with drying temperature and time. Finally, the benefits and drawbacks of different drying methods were specified, and recommendations were made for the future efficient drying.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.421-427
• /
• 2012

Nepal is one of the least urbanized countries in the world where more than 80% of the total population live in rural areas. In recent years, the rate of urbanization became rampant which ultimately accelerated immense pressure on municipal services, especially on managing the ever increasing amount of wastes. Due to lack of technology, infrastructure and financial capacity management of increasing amount of solid waste has become a major challenge in municipalities of Nepal. The indiscriminate dumping of solid wastes already affected the urban environment by creating a serious occupational health and environmental hazard to the vicinity of the dumping sites. However, there is great possibility of recovering methane from the landfill sites since the typical Nepalese municipal solid waste contains more than 65% of organic wastes. Despite having enormous potential of generating electricity from hydropower, Nepal is facing acute shortage of energy. Therefore, comprehensive scientific research and development is necessary for making solid waste to environmentally friendly by converting waste to the energy.

• 에너지공학
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2017

Disposal of municipal solid waste has become a major problem in many countries around the world. As landfill space for the disposal of ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) becomes scarce, numerous reports and researches address the various environmental issues about the municipal solid waste incineration waste management and other particulate matters with the range of 10 ~ 2.5. Although in many developing and industrialization countries landfill with the disposal of municipal solid waste, open incineration has become a common practice. Large municipal waste incinerators are major industrial facilities and have the potential to be significant sources of environmental pollution. Despite the significant volume reduction from incineration, waste recycling is important to ensuring the future welfare of mankind. The main goal of the present work is the physical and chemical characterization of the local incineration bottom ash towards its eventual re-utilization. In this paper, we reported the studies on physical and chemical characteristics of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash and bottom ash containing particulate matter whose particulate sizes are lower than $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$ and heavy metal were investigated.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.231-236
• /
• 2017

Solid waste disposal and management is a critical problem in Nigeria. Annually, a huge quantity of municipal solid waste is generated in Aba. Municipal solid waste disposal in Aba poses severe challenge to environmental safety, public health and welfare of citizens. The situation is made worse by the indiscriminate dumping of refuse at roadsides, streets, waterways and empty lands. The impact of this waste management practice in Aba is environmental deterioration. Efforts to improve waste management in Aba have not recorded significant success. This paper therefore aims to highlight the challenges facing the waste management sector in Aba and proffer solutions on how to improve the sector.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.45-52
• /
• 2001

This study aims to make a fundamental data for a policy-making decision in treatment and disposal of municipal solid wastes and presents a research data on the discharge properties of municipal solid wastes and making a unit of them in the Taegu metropolitan city. The results can be summarized as follows; survey the discharge properties of municipal solid wastes, calorific values and to present a research-data in supplying incineration-heat of wastes with the area of Sung-seo in Taegu. So, using fundamental data for planning and running wastes-incineration plants as well as trying to make better Urban Environmental Infra-structure. The results are obtained from the study. 1) The proportion of combustible wastes in Taegu increased from 89.6% to 94.47% during 1993~2000. However, the proportion of incombustibles decreased from 10.4% to 5.53% during 1993~2000. 2) The value of representative properties is about 1500~2000kcal/kg. So we can expect that it should be made use of energy-resources positively. 3) The heat from Sung-seo wastes-incineration plants is used to produce electronic-energy for wastes-incineration plants in summer season. The heat from Sung-sea wastes-incineration plants is in charge of 27% which of supplying the area of Sung-seo with district heating energy in winter season.

• 한국포장학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 1996

The portion of the recycled paper and paper board packaging material has been the highest in recycled municipal solid waste since 1960 but still the portion of the discarded paper and paper board packaging material is the highest (32.3%) in whole discarded municipal solid waste in USA. In order to reduce more the discarded paper and paper board, the common municipal solid waste treatments were compared and recycling treatment was still recommended for the the discarded paper and paper board rather than of the waste treatments, landfill, incineration, and source reduction. In this paper, the obstacled of recycling treatment of the paper and paper board in municipal solid waste and new application of recycled paper and paper board packaging material are discussed.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.220-237
• /
• 2019

Solid waste management (SWM) is one of the poorly rendered services in developing countries - limited resources, increasing population, rapid urbanization and application of outdated systems leads to inefficiency. Lack of proper planning and inadequate data regarding solid waste generation and collection compound the SWM problem. Decision makers need to formulate solutions that consider multiple goals and strategies. Given the large number of available options for SWM and the inter-relationships among these options, identifying SWM strategies that satisfy economic or environmental objectives is a complex task. The paper develops a mathematical model for a municipal Integrated SWM system, taking into account waste generation rates, composition, transportation modes, processing techniques, revenues from waste processing, simulating waste management as closely as possible. The constraints include those linking waste flows and mass balance, processing plants capacity, landfill capacity, transport vehicle capacity and number of trips. The linear programming model integrating different functional elements was solved by LINGO optimization software and various possible waste management options were considered during analysis. The model thus serves as decision support tool to evaluate various waste management alternatives and obtain the least-cost combination of technologies for handling, treatment and disposal of solid waste.

• Advances in environmental research
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 2023

In developing countries, solid waste is typically disposed of inappropriately, which has a negative impact on the environment and healthcare. One of the most serious environmental issues is the management of municipal solid waste because of the huge increase in waste generation brought on by industrialization, economic development, urbanization, and the exponential growth of Gurugram City's population. Municipal Corporation Gurugram (MCG) handles solid waste collection, transportation, and disposal. The city generates over 1100 tons of solid waste per day. In consideration of this, the current study employed the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats framework called SWOT analysis to critically examine the city's current methods for the management of municipal solid waste to provide more effective policy solutions. For conducting the analysis, the questionnaires and other interviews were conducted to gather information from households and officials in the city, and the observation made during field visits were recorded. The analysis shows that the waste management issue is getting worse for a variety of causes, including a lack of regulatory enforcement, insufficient technical and financial resources, insufficient people's participation, inadequate execution of policies, a lack of political priorities, and poor coordination between authorities.