• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.473-483
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• 1987

Present study was undertaken to find when is right time for vaccination against Measles, Mumps and Rubella and what is the seropositive conversion rate after those vacinations. For this purpose, sera from 106 infants and children adimitted in Prediatric Department of Won Kwang University Hospital, Iri, Chonbuk, Korea were divided into 3 groups, such as (1) Vaccination group with definite information when it was given, (2) Unknown group whether vaccination was given or not, (3) Not vaccinated group. They were tested of IgG and IgM antibodies against Measles, Mumps and Rubella using Enzyme Immunoassay method and the following results were obtained. 1. Infants below 6 month of age showed to have IgG antibodies which seemed to have been transferred from mother in 87.8%(29/33) for Measles, 78.8%(26/33) for Mumps and 39.4%(13/13) for Rubella. And they showed IgM antibodies which are thought to have been produced by recent infection in 24.2%(8/33) for Measles, 48.5%(16/33) for Mumps and 9.1%(3/33) for Rubella. 2. Positivity of antibody IgG against Rubella was observed remarkably lower than it is against Measles and Mumps being only 39.4%(13/33) in $0{\sim}5$ month, 30.8%(8/26) in $6{\sim}11$ months, 30%(3/10) in $12{\sim}14$ months and 62.9%(22/35) in $18{\sim}36$ months of age. 3. ${\Delta}OD's$ of IgG and IgM antibodies against Measles were observed increasing with age being 0.444, 0.220 in $0{\sim}5$ months, 0.326, 0.134 in $6{\sim}11$ months, 0.581, 0.140 in $12{\sim}14$ months, 0.512, 0.000 in $15{\sim}17$ months and 0.887, 0.278 in $18{\sim}36$ months of age, respectively. 4. ${\Delta}OD's$ of IgG and IgM antibodies against Mumps were observed increasing with age being 0.427, 0.340 in $0{\sim}5$ months, 0.400, 0.249 in $6{\sim}11$ months, 0.694, 0.314 in $12{\sim}14$ months, 0.539, 0.165 in $15{\sim}17$ months and 0.854, 0.350 in $18{\sim}36$ months of age, respectively. 5. Vaccination for Measles, Mumps and Rubella is generally to start at 15 months of age in Korea, by which age their antibodies are found to exsist in more than 80% of tested samples. So, it seems to be very reasonable to start the vaccination schedule at earlier age than it does currently. 6. From the present study, it seems to have been clearly confirmed that Enzyme Immunoassay method is a reliable method with good reproducibility for mass survey of IgG and IgM antibodies against Measles, Mumps and Rubella in infants and children.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제57권9호
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• pp.396-402
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• 2014

Purpose: The introduction of the mumps vaccine has dramatically reduced the number of mumps cases, but outbreaks have recently occurred among highly vaccinated populations in developed countries. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with mumps admitted between 1989 and 2012 in a single hospital in Korea are described in the present study. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated inpatients with mumps between 1989 and 2012 and outpatients and inpatients with mumps in 2011-2012. Results: A total of 152 patients with mumps were admitted between 1989 and 2012, and 163 patients were recorded in 2011-2012. The highest number of admitted cases occurred in 1998 and 2012 (35 and 34 cases, respectively). Among the patients admitted in 2011-2012, the highest frequency was observed among people aged 15-19 years, and low frequency was observed in those aged <4 years and >20 years, compatible to the city data and national data. In patients admitted to our department in 1998 (35 cases) and in 2010-2012 (27 cases), there were significant differences in the mean age and the rate of secondary measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination, but had similar clinical features, including complications, except aseptic meningitis. Antimumps immunoglobulin (Ig) G was positive in 83% and 100%, and IgM was positive in 67% and 41%, respectively, in the two periods. Conclusion: In Korea, recent mumps outbreaks have occurred mainly among secondary school students who received two doses of the MMR vaccine. The vaccinees might have a modified immune reaction to viral insults, manifesting modified epidemiological and clinical features.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.225-231
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• 1997

목 적 : MMR백신을 접종하지 않은 15개월 이하의 소아를 대상으로 볼거리 및 풍진 항체 보유 실태에 대해 조사하여 예방접종에 관한 기본적인 자료를 얻고자 다음의 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1994년 6월부터 1995년 3월까지 10개월간 고려대학교 안암병원 육아상담실 방문자와 입원 환자중 면역결핍질환이나 볼거리의 병력이 없으며 MMR 백신 접종력이 없는 생후 15개월 이하의 영아를 대상으로 ELISA를 이용하여 볼거리 및 풍진 특이 IgG를 측정하였다. 양성 기준치는 정해진 검사 방법에 따라 볼거리 항체는 20GU(Gamma Unit; 임의의 단위) 이상으로 하였으며 풍진 항체는 0.17 이상으로 하였다. 결 과 : 1) 대상아는 103명이었으며 남자 58명 여자 45명이었다. 2) 윌령에 따른 볼거리 항체 양성율은 0~1 개월 70.6%, 2~3개월 50.0%, 4~5 개월 6.7%, 6개월 이후 15개월까지 0%로 월령의 증가에 따라 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.001). 3) 볼거리 항체역가(평균${\pm}$표준편차 GU)는 0~1 개월 $61.7\pm}63.4$, 2~3개월 $23.8{\pm}26.9$, 4~5개월 $11.4{\pm}27.8$, 6~7개월 $2.4{\pm}0.7$, 8~9개월 $2.3{\pm}1.1$, 10~15 개월 $2.3{\pm}0.9$로 월령의 증가에 따라 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.001). 4) 월령에 따른 풍진 항체 양성율은 0~1 개월 58.8%, 2~3개월 70.0%, 4~5개월 13.3%, 6개월 이후 15개월까지 0%로 월령의 증가에 따라 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.001). 5) 풍진 항체역가(평균${\pm}$표준편차)는 0~1 개월 $0.422{\pm}0.483$, 2~3개월 $0.206{\pm}0.102$, 4~5 개월 $0.053{\pm}0.01$, 6~7개월 $0.024{\pm}0.032$, 8~9개월 $0.003{\pm}0.011$, 10~15개월 $0.004{\pm}0.013$으로 월령의 증가에 따라 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.001). 결 론 : 볼거리와 풍진 항체는 생후 6개월 이후에는 모두 음성이었으며 따라서 MMR백신 접종 시기를 15개월 보다 조기화하여도 볼거리와 풍진 항체 형성에는 문제가 없을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.280-291
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• 2011

Vaccines are products for immunization which can provoke antibodies by eliciting immune reponses without causing disease and have played an important role in preventing fatal and contagious diseases as well as H1N1 influenza. They are classified by two following categories; lived attenuated vaccine and killed vaccine and currently commonly using vaccines are BCG, diphtheria, tetanus, mumps, measles, rubella, polio, Haemophilus influenza type b, hepatitis B, influenza etc. All vaccines must be used correctly to reach optimal therapeutic goals and also informed well to patients to decrease potential problems. In order to do, pharmacists must have good knowledge of vaccines. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the necessity of vaccine education for pharmacists and develop a vaccine leaflet for patient counseling. We have performed a survey with questionnaire for a total of 176 pharmacists and nurses(hospital pharmacists, n=65; community pharmacists, n=50; hospital nurses, n=61) from January 27th to March 12th, 2010. The questionnaire includes items about vaccine education and counseling and 12 quizzes to evaluate responders' knowledge of vaccines. We used the SPSS(Version 12. for windows) program to analyze the data. In results, 94.9% of all responders said they had not been educated on vaccines. And only 1.1% of all responders said they know about vaccines enough to counsel patients. Pharmacists who have an experience recommending vaccines to other people are 21.7%. On the other hand, nurses who have an experience recommending vaccines to other people are 55.7%(p=0.000). The mean number of correct answers at the 12 quizzes are followings; hospital pharmacist, 8.1; community pharmacist, 6.1, hospital nurses, 6.2(p=0.000). A vaccine leaflet for patient counseling is developed with several references. In conclusion, due to no opportunity of vaccine education, pharmacists have no confidence to counsel patients and lack of knowledge of vaccine. But importance of vaccine's role is increasing, pharmacists should counsel patients in vaccination. So they need vaccine education and a vaccine leaflet will be helpful for their counseling.