• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.590-595
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• 2003

An Exponential experiment system which is composed of a neutron detector, a signal analysis system and a neutron source, Cf-252 has been installed in order to experimentally determine the neutron effective multiplication factor for a PWR spent fuel assembly. The axial background neutron flux is measured in a preliminary performance test. From the results, the spacer grid position is determined to be consistent with the design specifications within a 2.3% relative error. The induced fission neutron for four of the assemblies is also measured by scanning the neutron source, Cf-252 or the neutron detector. The exponential decay constants have been evaluated by the application of the Poisson regression to the net induced fission neutron counts. The measured keffs determined on the basis of the exponential decay constants of Cl5 appeared to be 0.541, 0.540, 0.597 and 0.556, respectively, which are comparable with 0.55195$\pm$0.00232 of the MCNP calculation.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 1982

A calculation of the effective multiplication factor has been made for GODIVA and JEZEBEL critical assemblies by using a computer code, ANISN, with having the Watt's, Cranberg's and Maxwellian formulae for the prompt fission neutron spectrum as a fission source. Then the calculated values have been compared with experimental data obtained by others. The Maxwellian formula seems to be the best one for representing the prompt fission neutron spectrum since the effective multiplication factor based on it shows a better agreement with the experimental value compared to the rest formulae.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.9
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• pp.3464-3471
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• 2023

The Uranium/Molybdenum metallic fuel has been proposed as promising advanced fuel concept especially in the dispersed fuel geometry. The fuel is manufactured in the form of small fuel droplets (particles) placed in a fuel pin covered by a matrix. In addition to fuel particles, the pin contains voids necessary to compensate material swelling and release of fission gases from the fuel particles. When investigating this advanced fuel design, two important questions were raised. Can the dispersed fuel performance be analyzed using homogenization without significant inaccuracy and what size of fuel drops should be used for the fuel design to achieve optimal utilization? To answer, 2D burnup calculations of fuel assemblies with different fuel particle sizes were performed. The analysis was supported by an additional 3D fuel pin calculation with the dispersed fuel particle size variations. The results show a significant difference in the multiplication factor between the homogenized calculation and the detailed calculation with precise fuel particle geometry. The recommended fuel particle size depends on the final burnup to be achieved. As shown in the results, for lower burnup levels, larger fuel drops offer better multiplication factor. However, when higher burnup levels are required, then smaller fuel drops perform better.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.122-128
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• 2008

We evaluated the relationship between the multiplication of heterotrophic microorganisms and physicochemical factors in the final discharged sewage water from J municipal waste water treatment plants. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was the most crucial factor influencing multiplication of heterotrophic plate counts (HPC) among the water quality variables selected. Degrading bacteria, such as proteolytic bacteria, lipholytic bacteria, starch degrading bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, and pectinolytic bacteria, were monitored to understand the condition of nutrients in finished sewage effluent. The percentages of lipid and protein combined occupied 81% in finished sewage water. The multiplication of HPC showed the highest value in August. The formation of trihalomethane (THM) was low in the finished discharge water during chlorine disinfection, which was $71{\mu}/L$ (which was less than $100{\mu}/L$- the standard of drinking water quality) with 10 mg/L of chlorine during 15 min.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.438-441
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• 2003

The present study was carried out to assess the possibility of rapid multiplication of Curcuma longa Linne through in vitro culture of shoot-apex. The factor investigated was effect of various growth regulators on shoot-apex culture. The shoot-apex cultured of MS(Murashige and Skoog) medium developed into plantlet in 16 Weeks. M.S. medium containing NAA at 0.5 ppm and BA 5.0 ppm was found to be optimal for growth of in vitro plantlet

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.501-508
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• 2009

This paper proposes an efficient transform-domain noise reduction scheme in an H.264 video encoder, where the generalized Wiener filtering is performed in a quantization process by multiplying each transform block with its adaptive multiplication factor. In practice, the computational complexity of the proposed scheme is negligible by replacing the multiplication operation with a simple look-up table method. Also, experimental results show that the proposed scheme provides outstanding noise reduction performance in an H.264 video encoder.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2013.08a
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• pp.311.2-311.2
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• 2013

Transmutation characteristics of minor actinides in a transmutation reactor based on a Low Aspect Ratio (LAR) tokamak are investigated. One-dimensional neutron transport and burn-up calculation coupled with the tokamak systems analysis were performed to find the optimal system parameters. The dependence of the transmutation characteristics such as neutron multiplication factor, produced power and transmutation rate on an aspect ratio A in the range of 1.5 to 2.0 was investigated. By adding Pu239 in the transmutation blanket as a neutron multiplication material, it was shown that the one unit of the transmutation reactor based on the LAR tokamak producing fusion power of 150 MWth can destroy the minor actinides contained in the spent fuels produced from more than 19 units of l GWe PWRs with production of the power being in the range of 0.9 - 3.4 GWth.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 1999

Verifying the treatment value(Monitor Unit) unnecessarily involves too many simple and repetitive calculation processes, that is, individual computation process using the data(PDD value, Scp Factor, SSD Factor, Tray Factor) on the data book. We intend to minimize the time required to check the Monitor Unit through computerized calculation. Using $^{\ast}(multiplication)$, /(division), +(sum), if function, among others, which are present in the Excell program, MS office program, the Monitor Unit was obtainable through A/P value, Scp Factor and PDD value, Wedge Factor. From the verification of the computations of Monitor Unit for 60 patients previously treated, we were able to obtain an error rate of ${\pm}0.028MU$. Computerized calculation of the Monitor Unit could save the burden of Technologist.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.550-555
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• 2007

Stress intensity factor is one of the most important parameters in fracture mechanics. Both the stress field distribution and the crack propagation are closely related to these parameters. Due to the complexity of actual engineering problems, it is difficult to calculate the stress intensity factor by theoretical formulation, so photoelasticity method is a good choice. In this paper, modified two parameter method is employed to calculate stress intensity factor for opening mode by using data from more than one photoelastic fringe loop. For getting accurate experiment results, the initial fringes are doubled and sharpened by digital image programs from the fringe patterns obtained by a CCD camera. Photoelastic results are compared with those obtained by the use of empirical equation and FEM. Good agreement shows that the methods utilized in experiments are considerably reliable. The photoelastic experiment can be used for bench mark in theoretical study and other experiments.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.10b
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• pp.245-250
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• 1992

In this paper, we present a nev algorithm for the fast computation of the discrete cosine transform(DCT). This algorithm consists of the three dimensional prime factor-decomposed algorithm(PFA) and three dimensional common factor-decomposed algorithm(CFA). We can compute N-point DCT for the number N decomposable Into three relative prime numbers using PFA and into three common numbers using CFA. We also show input and output index mapping for the three decomposition. it results in requiring fever multiplicaions than the previous algorithms. Particularly, for the large number N, it is more powerful in reducing the number of multiplication.