• 대한정형외과 초음파학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2012

목적: 만성 석회화 건염에 대한 보존적 치료방법으로 석회질 다발성 천공술과 체외 충격파 병합 치료의 효과를 비교하고, 체외 충격파 치료의 에너지 수준에 따른 임상적, 방사선학적 효과에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 환자 선정은 2010년 6월부터 2011년 8월까지 어깨 통증으로 내원 후 극상근 만성 석회화 건염으로 진단받은 환자 98명을 대상으로 하였으며, 천공술 후 체외 충격파 치료를 에너지 수준에 따라 고에너지군(제 1군;31명), 저에너지군(제 2군;36명) 및 다발성 천공술 시행군(제 3군;31명) 으로 분류하였다. 보존적 치료에 반응하지 않고, 견관절 통증이 6개월 이상 지속되는 만성 석회화 건염 환자들만을 대상으로 하였다. 임상적 평가는 시술 전과 후 12주째 임상적 기능향상 및 증상 호전 정도를 ASES, KSS, CSS와 방사선학적 호전 정도를 석회화 결절의 크기 변화로 평가하였다. 결과: 세 군 모두에서 임상적 기능의 개선과 석회화의 감소가 나타났으며, 특히 임상적인 개선이 다발성 천공술만을 시행한 군(3 군)보다 추가적인 ESWT를 시행한 군(1, 2군)에서 매우 높게 나타났다. 또 방사선학적으로 볼 때, 석회화의 크기와 진행 속도는 통계적으로 유의하게 줄어들었다. 군간의 비교를 보면, 임상기능 개선의 정도와 석회화의 속도 감소의 차이는 고에너지 군(1군), 다발성 천공술(3군) 사이가 저에너지 군(2군), 다발성 천공술(3군)에서 보다 더 크게 나타났다, 그러나, 고에너지 군(1군)과 저에너지 군(2군)에서는 큰 차이가 없었다. 결론: 만성 석회화 건염의 치료를 위해, 추가적인 체외 충격파 치료는 다발성 천공술 단일로 시행했을 때보다 에너지 수준에 관계없이 임상적 기능의 개선과 석회화의 감소에 더 우수한 효과를 보여주었다. 그러나, 에너지 수준에 의한 체외 충격파 치료의 결과로, 석회화의 감소와 임상 기능 개선 정도에 대한 큰 차이가 없었다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1179-1190
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to segment adolescents according to shopping orientation and to clarify the different clothing behaviors among the segmented groups. The results may be useful for the marketer whose target is adolescents to make proper marketing strategies. The subjects for the final analysis were 436 adolescents who were living in Seoul and Pusan. The statistics used for analysis included factor analysis, cluster analysis, Cronbach $\alpha$, one-way ANOVA, Dancan multiple range test and chi-square using the SPSS program. The results were as follows. Adolescents were segmented to 4 groups(Shop Loyalty/Convenience Pursuit Group, Pleasure/Brand Loyalty Group, Low Shopping Involvement Group and Economic Group). And the four segmented groups were significantly different in clothing purchasing motives, clothing evaluation standards, shop evaluation standards, information preference and demographic variables such as sex, and monthly spending money.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2014

Background: Understanding what causes changes in the flux of free fatty acids (FFA) is important to elucidate the etiology of metabolic syndrome. The first aim of this study was to test whether or not hormones and the autonomic nervous system influence blood FFA levels. A secondary aim was to test by means of a multiple group path analysis whether the consumption of fermented red ginseng (FRG; Panax ginseng) would influence those causal relationships. Methods: Ninety-three postmenopausal women (age 50e73 yr) were randomly divided into two groups. One group (44 women; age, $58.4{\pm}5.9yr$; body mass index, $3.6{\pm}2.5kg/m^2$) was supplied place capsules and the other group (49 women, age $58.4{\pm}5.5yr$; body mass index, $22.9{\pm}2.4kg/m^2$) was supplied FRG capsules. Both prior to and after the study (2 wk), blood samples were collected from the participants and several blood variables were measured and analyzed. Results: Squared multiple correlations of FFA were 0.699 in the placebo group and 0.707 in the FRG group. The unstandardized estimate of estradiol (E2) for FFA was 0.824 in both groups. Conclusion: The path coefficients of cortisol and the branchial pulse for FFA were significantly different between the FRG group and the placebo group.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.631-642
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• 1998

Fall-out particles were collected by the modified British deposit gauges at 35 sampling sites in Suwon area from January to November, 1996. Twenty chemical species (Al. Ba, Cd, Cr, K, Pb, Sb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Ni, V, F-, Cl-, NO3-, 5042-, Na+, NH4+, Mg2+, and Ca2+) were analyzed by AAS and If. The purposes of this study were to estimate qualitatively various emission sources of the fell-out particle by applying multivariate statistical techniques such as factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, and discriminant analysis. During the study, outlier sites were determined by a z-score method. Cl-, Na+, Mg2+, and SO42- were highly correlated due to their common marine related source. Wind speed was the most influential factor for the deposition fluxes of the particle itself and all the chemical species as well. When applying the factor analysis, 8 source patterns were qualitatively obtained, such as marine source, soil source, oil burning source, Cr related source, tire source, Cd related source, agriculture source, and F- related source. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, we could suggest that some chemical compounds may possibly exist in the form of CaSO4, NaN03, NaCl, MgC12, (NH4)2SO4, NaF, and CaCl2 in the fall-out particles. Finally, spatial and seasonal classification study performed by a discriminant analysis showed th.at SO42-, Ca2+, Cl-, and Fe were dominant in the group of spatial pattern; however, SO42-, Cl-, Al, and V were in the group of seasonal pattern.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness and practices for diet according to the lifestyles of college students in Youngnam region. The data were collected by self-administered questionnaires during May 2007. One hundred-ninety samples were analyzed by SPSS Windows. Frequencies, Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, cluster analysis, one-way analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple range test and chi-square test were conducted. The results were as follows. Lifestyles were categorized into four factors by factor analysis: popularity-seeking type, body-management-seeking type, convenience-seeking type and healthy-seeking type. In addition, the respondents belonged to one of four groups by cluster analysis: body-management-seeking group, popularity-seeking group, convenience-seeking group, and healthy-seeking group. There were significant differences in perception about individual body images, concern of diet, awareness of diet necessity and knowledge and practices for diet among the four groups. That is, the body-management-seeking group showed the highest levels of concern of diet, awareness of diet necessity and the practice of fasting therapy. Additionally, the healthy-seeking group showed the highest level of practice of exercise therapy.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.213-225
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• 2013

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Agent Orange exposure and self-reported diseases in Korean Vietnam veterans. Methods: A postal survey of 114 562 Vietnam veterans was conducted. The perceived exposure to Agent Orange was assessed by a 6-item questionnaire. Two proximity-based Agent Orange exposure indices were constructed using division/brigade-level and battalion/ company-level unit information. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for age and other confounders were calculated using a logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence of all self-reported diseases showed monotonically increasing trends as the levels of perceived self-reported exposure increased. The ORs for colon cancer (OR, 1.13), leukemia (OR, 1.56), hypertension (OR, 1.03), peripheral vasculopathy (OR, 1.07), enterocolitis (OR, 1.07), peripheral neuropathy (OR, 1.07), multiple nerve palsy (OR, 1.14), multiple sclerosis (OR, 1.24), skin diseases (OR, 1.05), psychotic diseases (OR, 1.07) and lipidemia (OR, 1.05) were significantly elevated for the high exposure group in the division/brigade-level proximity-based exposure analysis, compared to the low exposure group. The ORs for cerebral infarction (OR, 1.08), chronic bronchitis (OR, 1.05), multiple nerve palsy (OR, 1.07), multiple sclerosis (OR, 1.16), skin diseases (OR, 1.05), and lipidemia (OR, 1.05) were significantly elevated for the high exposure group in the battalion/company-level analysis. Conclusions: Korean Vietnam veterans with high exposure to Agent Orange experienced a higher prevalence of several self-reported chronic diseases compared to those with low exposure by proximity-based exposure assessment. The strong positive associations between perceived self-reported exposure and all self-reported diseases should be evaluated with discretion because the likelihood of reporting diseases was directly related to the perceived intensity of Agent Orange exposure.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed at examining the association between dietary flavanones intake and lipid profiles according to the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was performed among 502 female T2DM patients (non-MetS group; n = 129, MetS group; n = 373) who were recruited from the Huh's Diabetes Clinic in Seoul, Korea between 2005 and 2011. The dietary intake was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the data was analyzed using the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis program (CAN-Pro) version 4.0 software. The intake of flavanones was estimated on the basis of the flavonoid database. RESULTS: In the multiple linear regression analysis after adjustment for confounding factors, daily flavanones intake was negatively associated with CVD risk factors such as total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and apoB and apoB/apoA1 ratio only in the MetS group but not in the non-MetS group. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratio for a higher apoB/apoA1 ratio above the median (${\geq}0.74$) was significantly low in the $4^{th}$ quartile compared to that in the $1^{st}$ quartile of dietary flavanones intake [OR: 0.477, 95% CI: 0.255-0.894, P for trend = 0.0377] in the MetS group. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary flavanones intake was inversely associated with the apoB/apoA1 ratio, suggesting a potential protective effect of flavanones against CVD in T2DM women with MetS.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2021

This study was examined whether the experiential marketing factors proposed by Bernd Schmitt were applicable to the consumer behavior of active seniors. The study was analyzed the influence of SEMs have on value perception of brand and attitude formation as well as the behavioral intentions of active senior consumers and whether this effect differed between the level of commitment. For empirical analysis, frequency analysis, EFA, reliability, CFA, SEM, and multiple-group comparison analysis were performed. The results showed that sense and feel factor did not have a significant influence on the value perception of brand, while think factor had a positive effect on the value perception of brand. Act factor did not affect the value perception of brand; on the other hand, relate factor had a significant effect on the value perception of brand. The result of structural equation modeling also revealed that the value perception of brand had a positive influence on attitude formation and behavioral intentions. The result of multiple-group comparison analysis confirmed that the influence of act factor on value perception of brand differed according to the level of commitment, but the positive influence of act factor on value perception of brand was limited to the high-level of commitment group. As a result of the influence relate factor had on the value perception of brand, differences existed between the two groups, and the low-level of commitment group had a greater influence than the high-level of commitment group. So it will be effective for active senior consumers to form fashion communities and let them participate in to enhance positive consumer behavior toward fashion brands.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제74권
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• pp.255-271
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• 2023

연구 목적 : 본 연구는 인지조절에 대한 인지적 실재감의 영향에 대한 학습동기의 조절효과 탐색이 목적이다. 연구 내용 및 방법 : 본 연구는 대학의 사범학부에 재학중인 예비교사 160명을 대상으로 인지조절, 인재적 실재감, 학습동기를 설문조사를 통해 측정하였다. 수집된 자료 중 학습동기는 평균을 산출하여, 학습동기가 낮은 집단과 높은 집단을 구분하였다. 연구의 목적을 성취하기 위해서 학습동기 수준에 따라 인지조절 수준의 평균을 비교하였고, 인지조절에 대한 인지적 실재감의 영향을 탐색하기 위해 다중회귀(선택적 방법)분석을 수행하였다. 먼저 전체 집단을 대상으로 다중회귀 분석을 수행하였고, 다음으로 학습동기가 낮은 집단과 높은 집단을 구분하여 다중회귀 분석을 수행하였다. 결론 및 제언 : 분석 결과 학습동기가 높은 집단이 낮은 집단보다 인지조절 수준이 높게 나타났고, 학습동기가 높은 집단은 인지절 실재감의 하위요인 중 내용이해만 인지조절에 영향이 나타났고, 낮은 집단은 인지적 실재감의 모든 하위요인이 영향을 주었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.647-652
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• 2015

Background: Lung cancer was one of the most common cancers in both men and women all over the world. In this study, we aimed to clarify who could survive after long term chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We enrolled 186 patients with stage IV NSCLC after long term chemotherapy from Jun 2006 to Nov 2014 diagnosed in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital. Multiple variables like age, gender, smoking, histology of adenocarcinoma and squamous-cell cancer, number of metastatic sites, metastatic sites (e.g. lung, brain, bone, liver and pleura), hemoglobin, lymphocyte rate (LYR), Change of LYR during multiple therapies, hypertension, diabetes, chronic bronchitis, treatments (e.g.radiotherapy and targeted therapy) were selected. For consideration of factors influencing survival and response for patients with advanced NSCLC, logistic regression analysis and Cox regression analysis were used in an attempt to develop a screening module for patients with elevated survival after long term chemotherapy become possible. Results: Of the total of 186 patients enrolled, 69 survived less than 1 year (short-term group), 45 one to two years, and 72 longer than 3 years (long-term group). For logistic regression analysis, the short-term group was taken as control group and the long-term group as the case group. We found that age, histology of adenocarcinoma, metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver), treatments (e.g. targeted therapy and radiotherapy), LYR, a decreasing tendency of LYR and chronic bronchitis were individually associated with overall survival by Cox regression analysis. A multivariable Cox regression model showed that metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver), histology of adenocarcinoma, treatments (e.g. targeted therapy and radiotherapy) and chronic bronchitis were associated with overall survival. Thus metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver) and chronic bronchitis may be important risk factors for patients with advanced NSCLC. Gender, metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver), LYR and the decreasing tendency of LYR were significantly associated with long-term survival in the individual-variable logistic regression model (P<0.05). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, gender, metastatic site (e.g. lung and liver) and the decreasing tendency of LYR associated with long-term survival. Conclusions: In conclusion, female patients with stage IV adenocarcinoma of NSCLC who had decreasing tendency of LYR during the course therapy and had accepted multiple therapies e.g. more than third-line chemotherapy, radiotherapy and/or targeted therapy might be expected to live longer.