• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.690-705
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• 1995

Pulmonary function tests were conducted on 815 healthy primary school children (390 males and 425 female) in rural area using Collins Survey Spirometer (Warren E. Collins, Inc., U.S.A.) with X-Y Recorder. Respiratory symptoms(cough, sputum, sore throat, chest pain, chest tightness, dyspnea, coryza) were surveyed by the interviews. Multiple regression analysis and regression diagnostics were done for prediction equations of FVC, $FEV_1,\;PEFR\;and\;FEF_{25-75%}$. FVC, $FEV_1,\;PEFR\;and\;FEF_{25-75%}$ values in 3 groups of children classified by the number of symptom were compared each other through standard variable value. FVC, $FEV_1,\;PEFR\;and\;FEF_{25-75%}$ showed highly significant correlation with age, height and weight. Prediction equations for FVC, $FEV_1,\;PEER,\;FEF_{25-75%}$ are functions of height only in both male and female children aged between 6 and 12 years old. PEFR showed a significant difference related with the number of symptom in female. These results suggest that the PEFR is sensitive PFT parameter in this study.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In nutritional epidemiology, collecting self-reported respondent height and weight is a simpler procedure of data collection than taking measurements. The aim of this study was to compare self-reported and measured height and weight and to evaluate the possibility of using self-reported estimates in the assessment of nutritional status of elderly Poles aged 65 + years. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The research was carried out in elderly Poles aged 65 + years. Respondents were chosen using a quota sampling. The total sample numbered 394 participants and the sub-sample involved 102 participants. Self-reported weight (non-corrected self-reported weight; non-cSrW) and height estimates (non-corrected self-reported height; non-cSrH) were collected. The measurements of weight (measured weight; mW) and height (measured height; mH) were taken. Using multiple regression equations, the corrected self-reported weight (cSrW) and height (cSrH) estimates were calculated. RESULTS: Non-cSrH was higher than mH in men on average by 2.4 cm and in women on average by 2.3 cm. In comparison to mW, non-cSrW was higher in men on average by 0.7 kg, while in women no significant difference was found (mean difference of 0.4 kg). In comparison to mBMI, non-cSrBMI was lower on average by $0.6kg/m^2$ in men and $0.7kg/m^2$ in women. No differences were observed in overweight and obesity incidence when determined by mBMI (68% and 19%, respectively), non-cSrBMI (62% and 14%, respectively), cSrBMI (70% and 22%, respectively) and pcSrBMI (67% and 18%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Since the results showed that the estimated self-reported heights, weights and BMI were accurate, the assessment of overweight and obesity incidence was accurate as well. The use of self-reported height and weight in the nutritional status assessment of elderly Poles on a population level is therefore recommended. On an individual level, the use of regression equations is recommended to correct self-reported height, particularly in women.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권11호
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• pp.1628-1633
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the difference and correlation in elbow joint maximal flexion strength according to measurement methods and characteristics of muscular contraction, and to develop the predictive equation of elbow joint maximal flexion strength for the optimal exercise intensity setting and accurate measurement. Subjects were 30 male university students. Elbow joint maximal flexion strength of isokinetic contraction, isometric contraction at $75^{\circ}$ elbow joint flexion position, isotonic concentric 1RM, manual muscle strength (MMT) were measured with isokinetic dynamometer, dumbbell, and manual muscle tester. Pearson's r, linear regression equation, and multiple regression equation between variables were calculated. As a result, the highest value was isometric contraction. The second highest value was MMT. The third highest value was isokinetic contraction. 1RM was the lowest. Predictive equations of elbow joint maximal flexion strength between isometric and isokinetic contraction, between isometric contraction and 1RM, among isometric contraction, 1RM, and body weight were developed. In conclusion, 1RM and isokinetic elbow joint maximal flexion strength could be seemed to underestimate the practical elbow joint maximal flexion strength. And it is suggested that the developed predictive equations in this study should be useful in criteria- and goal-setting for resistant exercise and sports rehabilitation after elbow joint injury.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting weight loss effect of Gamitaeumjowee-tang and to see if weight loss could be predicted using influence factors and weight loss progress. Methods: From September 2016 to March 2017, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 139 patients who were visited to the Korean Oriental Clinic for 3 months. We conducted a regression analysis to determine whether age, gender, initial weight, patient health questionnaire-9, heart rate variability (HRV), sleep quality, drinking habit and the medication history of weight loss affect weight loss. We found weight loss prediction equations using multiple regression analysis applying significant factors and weight loss progress. Results: Gender and initial weight had a significant effect on weight loss in all periods (P<0.001). HRV had a significant effect on primary weight loss (P<0.01). Other factors did not have any significant effect on weight loss. Using the significant factors, weight loss of each period could be predicted from 23.9% to 44.6%, and tertiary weight loss could be predicted with 76.6% using factors, primary weight loss and secondary weight loss (P<0.001). Conclusions: This study suggests that weight loss effect of Gamitaeumjowee-tang maybe be affected by influence factors and that weight loss prediction equations using them can be used for obesity treatment.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.236-245
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• 2021

In this study, a drifting test using a experimental vessel (2,966 tons) in the northern waters of Jeju was carried out for the first time in order to obtain the fundamental data for drift. During the test, it was shown that the average leeway speed and direction by GPS position were 0.362 m/s and 155.54° respectively and the leeway rate for wind speed was 8.80%. The analysis of linear regression modes about leeway speed and direction of the experimental vessel indicated that wind or current (i.e. explanatory variable) had a greater influence upon response variable (e.g. leeway speed or direction) with the speed of the wind and current rather than their directions. On the other hand, the result of multiple regression model analysis was able to predict that the direction was negative, and it was demonstrated that predicted values of leeway speed and direction using an experimental vessel is to be more influential by current than wind while the leeway speed through variance and covariance was positive. In terms of the leeway direction of the experimental vessel, the same result of the leeway speed appeared except for a possibility of the existence of multi-collinearity. Then, it can be interpreted that the explanatory variables were less descriptive in the predicted values of the leeway direction. As a result, the prediction of leeway speed and direction can be demonstrated as following equations. Ŷ₁= 0.4031-0.0032X₁+0.0631X₂-0.0010X₃+0.4110X₄ Ŷ₂= 0.4031-0.6662X₁+27.1955X₂-0.6787X₃-420.4833X₄ However, many drift tests using actual vessels and various drifting objects will provide reasonable estimations, so that they can help search and rescue fishing gears as well.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2000

The chlorination of municipal drinking water supplies leads to the formation of so-called disinfection by-products(DBPs), many of which have been reported to cause harmful health effects based on animal studies. This study was conducted: 1) to observe seasonal changes in the major DBPs at four sampling sites on a drinking water distribution system located in Chunchon, Kangwon Do; and 2) to examine the effects of major water quality parameters on the formation of DBPs. During the field sampling, the water temperature, pH, and total and free chlorine residuals were all measured. The water samples were then analyzed for total organic carbon(TOC) and eight disinfection by-products in the laboratory. Chloroform, dichloroacetic acid, and trichloroacetic acid were the major constituents of the measured DBPs. The concentrations of the total DBPs were highest in fall, particularly in October, and lowest in summer. The concentrations of the total DBPs increased with increasing TOC concentrations. Multiple regression analyses showed that the concentrations of chloroform, bromodichloromethane, and chloral hydrate were linearly correlated with the pH. Other water parameters were not included in the regression equations. Accordingly, these results suggest that TOC and pH are both important factors in the formation of DBPs.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.341-349
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• 1987

Dietary intakes of na include both the amount present in food materials (nondiscretionary Na intake) and the amount added during cooking and eating to increase salty taste and flavor (discretionary Na intake). In the present study, total Na intake was measured by duplicate food sample collected from each subject for 1 day, nondiscretionary Na intake was calculated by dietary intake record, optimum gustation of salt was measured of from pooled 3-day urine collection in healthy female college students, to measure Na intake more accurately and to find suitable method to estimate total Na intake. Mean values of total, discretionary and mondiscretionary Na intakes were 169.6 mEq, 46.2mEq, and 123.4mEq. respectively. Mean 24-hour urinary Na excretion was 137.9mEq., which was about 84.5% of total intake. Subjects with optimum gustation of salt equal to or higher than 0.5% had significantly higher total Na intake and urinary Na excretion compared to subjects with optimum gustation of salt lower than 5%. Total Na intake of subjects were significantly correlated with optimum gustation of salt, non-discretionary and discretionary Na intakes, and urinary Na excretion. Multiple regression analysis showed that the best estimate of total Na intake is obtained when both optimum gustation of salt and non-discredinary Na intake were used as independent variables (r=.7071). Among the equations using one independent variable, regression, equation with urinary Na excretion provides the best approximation (r=.6627) of total Na intake.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.91-108
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• 2018

This study mainly focused on measuring the impact of comments for a particular song on the number of streamings and downloads. We modeled multiple regression equations to perform this analysis. We chose digital music market for the object of analysis because of its inherent characteristics, such as experience goods, high bandwagon effect, and so on. We carefully utilized text mining technique in accordance with the algorithm of Naïve Bayes classifier to distinguish whether a comment for a piece of music be regarded as positive or negative. In addition, we used 'size of agency' and 'existence of hit song' as moderating variables. The reason for usage of those variables is that those are assumed to affect users' decision for selecting particular song especially when downloading or streaming via music sites. We found empirical evidences that positive comments for a particular song increase the number of both downloads and streamings. However, positive comments may decrease the number of downloads when the size of agency of the artist is big. As a result, we were able to say that a positive comment for a particular song functioned as 'word-of-mouth' effect, inducing other users' behavioral response. We also found that other features of an artist such as size of the agency that the artist belongs to functioned as an external factor along with feature of the song itself.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2018

In the present study research air quality analyses for $PM_{10}$, were conducted in Shiraz, a city in the south of Iran. The measurements were taken from 2011 through 2012 in two different locations to prepare average data in the city. The averages concentrations were calculated for every 24 hours, each month and each season. Results showed that the highest concentration of $PM_{10}$ occurs generally in the night while the least concentration was found at the afternoon. Monthly concentrations of $PM_{10}$ showed highest value in August, while least value was found in January. The seasonal concentrations showed the least amounts in autumn while the highest amounts in summer. Relations between the air pollutant and some meteorological parameters were calculated statistically using the daily average data. The wind data (velocity, direction), relative humidity, temperature, sunshine periods, evaporation, dew point and rainfall were considered as independent variables. The relationships between concentration of pollutant and meteorological parameters were expressed by multiple linear regression equations for both annual and seasonal conditions SPSS software. RMSE test showed that among different prediction models, stepwise model is the best option.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.155-159
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• 2000

Apple fruit grading is largely dependant on skin color degree. This work reports about the possibility of nondestructive assessment of apple fruit color using infrared(NIR) reflectance spectroscopy. NIR spectra of apple fruit were collected in wavelength range of 1100~2500nm using an InfraAlyzer 500C(Bran+Luebbe). Calibration as calculated by the standard analysis procedures MLR(multiple linear regression) and stepwise, was performed by allowing the IDAS software to select the best regression equations using raw spectra of sample. Color degree of apple skin was expressed as 2 factors, anthocyanin content by purification and a-value by colorimeter. A total of 90 fruits was used for the calibration set(54) and prediction set(36). For determining a-value, the calibration model composed 6 wavelengths(2076, 2120, 2276, 2488, 2072 and 1492nm) provided the highest accuracy : correlation coefficient is 0.913 and standard error of prediction is 4.94. But, the accuracy of prediction result for anthocyanin content determining was rather low(R of 0.761).