• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.73-85
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop prediction models for plant species abundance by stream restoration. Generally the stream plant is affected by stream gemophology. So in this study, the relationship between the vegetation abundance and stream gemophology was developed by multiple regression analysis. The stream characteristics utilized in this study were longitudinal slope, transectional slope, micro-landforms through the longitudinal direction, riparian width and geometric mean diameter and biggest diameter of bed material, and cumulated coarse and fine sand weight portion. The Pyungchang River with mountainous watershed and the Kyungan stream and the Bokha stream in the agricultural region were selected and vegetation species abundance and stream characteristics were documented from the site at 2~3km intervals from the upper stream to the lower. The Models for predicting the vegetation abundance were developed by multiple regression analysis using SPSS statistics package. The linear relationship between the dependant(species abundance) and independant(stream characteristics) variables was tested by a graphical method. Longitudinal and transectional slope had a nonlinear relationship with species abundance. In the next step, the independance between the independant variables was tested and the correlation between independant and dependant variables was tested by the Pearson bivariate correlation test. The selected independant variables were transectional slope, riparian width, and cumulated fine sand weight portion. From the multiple regression analysis, the $R^2$for the Pyungchang river, Kyungan stream, Bokga stream were 0.651, 0.512 and 0.240 respectively. The natural stream configuration in the Pyungchang river had the best result and the lower $R^2$for Kyunan and Bokha stream were due to human impact which disturbed the natural ecosystem. The lowest $R^2$for the Bokha stream was due to the shifting sandy bed. If the stream bed is fugitive, the prediction model may not be valid. Using the multiple regression models, the vegetation abundance could be predicted with stream characteristics such as, transection slope, riaparian width, cumulated fine sand weigth portion, after stream restoration.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.293-322
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• 2017

The purpose of the study is to identify the background of the agenda-setting to appoint library professional as the director of National Assembly Library and characteristics of the policy entrepreneur of this agenda. To this purpose an agenda-setting process in 2014 is analyzed with the Kingdon's multiple streams model. Kingdon's multiple streams model explains that an agenda is set when a window of opportunity is opened by coupling of problem stream, political stream, and policy stream. They have existed independently before setting the agenda. This study showed that the political stream was the major stream to open the window of opportunity. The lawmaker in the opposition party is identified as the leader for the agenda and the motivations, resources, and strategies of the policy entrepreneur were also analyzed. The analysis showed the agenda for library professional as the director was set without visible participation of library professionals. Therefore this study proposed the library professionals' roles for the library and information policy making process.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.625-629
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate simple and multiple regression models for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) concentration estimation in stream flow. For development (using water quality data in 2012) and evaluation (using water quality data in 2011) of regression models, we used water quality data from downstream of Yeongsan river basin during 2011 and 2012, and correlation analysis between TOC and water quality parameters was conducted. The concentrations of TOC were positively correlated with Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), TN (Total Nitrogen), Water Temperature (WT) and Electric Conductivity (EC). From these results, simple and multiple regression models for TOC estimation were developed as follows : $TOC=0.5809{\times}BOD+3.1557$, $TOC=0.4365{\times}COD+1.3731$. As a result of the application evaluation of the developed regression models, the multiple regression model was found to estimate TOC better than simple regression models.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.521-532
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• 2018

In recent decades, the dry stream phenomena of small and medium sized rivers have been attracting much attention as an important social problem. To prevent dry stream phenomena, it is necessary to build an infrastructure that manages rivers. To accurately determine the progress of dry stream phenomena, it is necessary to continuously measure the discharge and other hydrological factors for small and medium sized rivers. However, until now, the flow data for small and medium rivers in Korea has been insufficient. To overcome the lack of supporting data for supporting rational decision-making in policy and project implementation, a short- and long-term hydrological model was developed that takes into consideration hydrological changes such as the increase of the impervious area due to urban development and groundwater pumping, the construction of a large-scale sewage treatment plant, the maintenance of stream-oriented rivers, etc. In the developed model, the distributed grid is represented by three layers: Surface flow, interflow, and groundwater flow. The surface flow and intermediate flow flowed along the flow direction, and the groundwater flow was calculated by a two-dimensional groundwater analysis model such that the outflow occurred in all directions without a specific flow direction. The effects of land use and cover on evapotranspiration and infiltration and the effects of multiple landscapes can be simulated in the developed model.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2012

Stream data shows a sequence of values changing continuously over time. Due to the nature of stream data, its trend is continuously changing according to various time intervals. Therefore the prediction of stream data must be carried out simultaneously with respect to multiple intervals, i.e. Continuous Multiple Prediction(CMP). In this paper, we propose a Continuous Integrated Hierarchical Temporal Memory (CIHTM) network for CMP based on the Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) model which is a neocortex leraning algorithm. To develop the CIHTM network, we created three kinds of new modules: Shift Vector Senor, Spatio-Temporal Classifier and Multiple Integrator. And also we developed learning and inferencing algorithm of CIHTM network.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2004

A decision support system, Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework(WARMF), was applied to the Kyungan Stream watershed, a tributary of Lake Paldang, for calculation of total maximum daily loads(TMDL). The WARMF system was developed by Systech Engineering, USA, and has been successfully used in several watersheds, for TMDL studies. The study area was divided into 14 sub-basins, based on digital elevation model(DEM). The integrated watershed and stream model of WARMF was validated by flow and BOD data measured during the year of 1999. There were reasonable agreements between model results and field data, both in water flow and BOD. The validated Kyungan WARMF was extensively utilized to study the quantitative relationship between waste loads and receiving water quality. Based on TMDL guideline at Paldang Lake and Kyungan Stream, the water quality criterion were set to be 3.0mg/L, 3.5mg/L, and 4.0mg/L at the watershed outlet. The allowable waste loads of BOD, both from point and non-point sources, were determined at each water quality criterion. From this study, it was concluded that the WARMF provided several advantages over the conventional application of watershed and stream models for TMDL study, such as time variable simulations, multiple possible soutions, and reduction loads for goal water quality, etc.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1301-1312
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• 2007

The objective of this study is to propose a critical storm duration forecasting model on storm runoff in small river basin. The critical storm duration data of 582 sub-basin which introduced disaster impact assessment report on the National Emergency Management Agency during the period from 2004 to 2007 were collected, analyzed and studied. The stepwise multiple regression method are used to establish critical storm duration forecasting models(Linear and exponential type). The results of multiple regression analysis discriminated the linear type more than exponential type. The results of multiple linear regression analysis between the critical storm duration and 5 basin characteristics parameters such as basin area, main stream length, average slope of main stream, shape factor and CN showed more than 0.75 of correlation in terms of the multi correlation coefficient.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.286-300
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• 2020

In 2019, the Seoul metropolitan government established its own 'Seoul-type paid sick leave project'. Although the central government had to introduce such a system, which is also called sickness benefits, it was not implemented. In order to understand the process by which the Seoul government has implemented such a policy, this study used Kingdon's multiple streams framework. As a result, in the problem stream, it was found that the economic burden of sickness has been considered only in terms of medical expenses in the past of Korea. Then Songpa's three women and Middle East respiratory syndrome incidents raised awareness of the necessity of the sickness benefit system in 2014 and 2015. In the political stream, several social affairs such as national health insurance huge surpluses and the 2017 presidential election opened policy window. At that time, Seoul Mayor actively promoted sickness benefits as a policy entrepreneur. In the policy stream, the sickness benefit system has gained new attention through political events. To summary, these three streams flowed separately and then they assembled around huge political affairs. As a result, it was confirmed that Kingdon's model is the most effective theory than any other models in analyzing the health care policy decision process in Korea.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.907-937
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• 2018

This study analyzed the policy decision process of the International Science Business Belt (ISBB) applying multiple stream model combining Kingdon (2013) and Howlett et al. (2014) models. We looked at what socio-political factors influenced the process and sought to find ways to promote the project of ISBB and the policy of basic science in the future. As a concrete analysis, the policy decision process was divided into policy, policy formation, and implementation policy, and the streams of problem, process, policy and politics, policy window, and policy participant were used as variables. As a result of the analysis, the stream of politics and the role of the policy-entrepreneur played an important role in the policy decision process. Politicians and government officials were more involved than the scientists.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.229-245
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• 2018

This study aims to investigate the changes in the riparian vegetated area in the Naeseong stream, an unregulated river, in order to analyze the main factors leading to these changes. For this purpose, the land surface cover in the channel area of the Naeseong stream was classified into 9 categories using past aerial photographs collected between 1970 and 2016, which recorded the long-term changes of the Naeseong stream. The increase or decrease in the vegetated area was calculated for each category using a pair of before and after images. The changes in the vegetated area were divided into 6 periods: the unvegetated channel period (1970 - 1980), the first rapid increase (1980 - 1986), the period of decrease due to flood (1986 - 1988), the period of repetitive man-induced disturbance and vegetation increase (1988 - 2008), the period of gradual vegetation increase (2008 - 2013), and the period of second rapid increase (2013 - 2016). Multiple regression analysis was performed using independent variables representing hydrology, climate, and geomorphology. The major variables found to be involved in the changes in the vegetated area of the Naeseong stream were the discharge during June - July, channel width, and temperature during April - June. Among the three variables, discharge and temperature were respectively the main independent variables in the downstream and the upstream reaches as per a single variable model. Channel width was the variable that distinguished the upstream and downstream reaches of the stream. The implication of the long-term increase in the vegetated area in the Naeseong stream was discussed based on the result of this study.