• Medical Lasers
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.24-27
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• 2019

Seborrheic keratoses (SKs) have been treated with non-ablative longpulsed (LP) lasers, including LP 532-nm neodymium (Nd): yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), LP 695-nm ruby, LP 755-nm alexandrite (Alex), and LP 1,064-nm Nd:YAG lasers, with a pulse durations of 1-300 msec. Dual-wavelength LP 755-nm Alex/1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser systems have been used to remove hair follicles and treat various vascular and pigmented disorders by sequentially delivering two pulses of different wavelengths with interpulse intervals in the millisecond range. This paper reports the case of a female patient with multiple, discrete, light brown SKs on the dorsum of both hands that were treated effectively with one session of dual-wavelength LP 1,064-nm Nd:YAG/755-nm Alex laser treatment. The treatment settings for the LP Nd:YAG laser were comprised of a wavelength of 1,064 nm, fluence of 50 J/cm², pulse duration of 5 msec, and beam size of 3 mm. The settings for the LP Alex laser were comprised of a wavelength of 755 nm, fluence of 50 J/cm², pulse duration of 5 msec, and beam size of 3 mm. A hybrid mode was used to automatically deliver LP Nd:YAG and LP Alex laser pulses in succession at interpulse intervals of 20 msec. Six weeks after treatment, the patient exhibited remarkable improvement of the light brown seborrheic keratoses and was satisfied with the results.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5527-5545
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• 2019

Through-wall ultra-wide band (UWB) radar has been considered as one of the preferred and non-contact technologies for the targets detection owing to the better time resolution and stronger penetration. The high time resolution is a result of a larger of bandwidth of the employed UWB pulses from the radar system, which is a useful tool to separate multiple targets in complex environment. The article emphasised on human subject localization and detection. Human subject usually can be detected via extracting the weak respiratory signals of human subjects remotely. Meanwhile, the range between the detection object and radar is also acquired from the 2D range-frequency matrix. However, it is a challenging task to extract human respiratory signals owing to the low signal to clutter ratio. To improve the feasibility of human respiratory signals detection, a new method is developed via analysing the standard deviation based kurtosis of the collected pulses, which are modulated by human respiratory movements in slow time. The range between radar and the detection target is estimated using joint time-frequency analysis (JTFA) of the analysed characteristics, which provides a novel preliminary signature for life detection. The breathing rates are obtained using the proposed accumulation method in time and frequency domain, respectively. The proposed method is validated and proved numerically and experimentally.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2022

As the application field of radar is expanded and the bandwidth increases, the number of radar sensors operating at the same frequency is continuously increasing. In this paper, we propose a method of analyzing interference when two pulse doppler radars are operated at the same frequency with different waveform which are designed independently. In addition, we show that even for a previously designed LFM waveforms, the interference can be suppressed without affecting the performance by changing the sign of the frequency slope by increasing/decreasing, or by modulating the pulses by the different codes. The interference suppression by different slopes is more effective for similar waveform and the suppression by the codes increases as the number of pulses increases. We expect this result can be extended to the cases where multiple radars are operated at the same frequency.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.957-964
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 친환경 연소로서 순산소 연소의 내제한 문제점에 대하여 논의하고 있다. 그 중 DDT의 발전에 의해 발생되는 강한 압력 충격파에 의한 구조물의 손상에 대한 내용을 다루고 있다. 이를 위하여 DDT에 대해 인식시키기 위하여 기본적인 개념과 더불어 이를 발전시키는 요인들에 대해서 논의해 보았다. 그리고 순산소 연소의 DDT 발생에 의한 압력파 생성과 더불어 이에 따른 구조물 손상을 설명하기 위하여 순산소 연소를 사용하는 친환경 용융로(미분탄과 순산소 연소를 사용한 용융로) 내부의 풍구 손상을 AUTODYN hydrocode를 이용하여 모델링하였다. 이를 통하여 순산소 연소에 내제된 위험성에 대하여 살펴보았다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.340-344
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• 2000

Microbial oxidation of D-sorbitol to L-sorbose by Acetobacter suboxydans is of commercial importance since it is the only biochemical process in vitamin C synthesis. The main bottleneck in the batch oxidation of sorbitol to sorbose is that the process is severely inhibited by sorbitol. Suitable fed-batch fermentation designs can eliminate the inherent substrate inhibition and improve sorbose productivity. Fed-batch sorbose fermentations were conducted by using two nutrient feeding strategies. For fed-batch fermentation with pulse feeding, highly concentrated sorbitor (600g/L) along with other nutrients were fed intermittently in four pulses of 0.5 liter in response to the increased DO signal. The fed-batch fermentation was over in 24h with a sorbose productivity of 13.40g/L/h and a final sorbose concentration of 320.48g/L. On the other hand, in fed-batch fermentation with multiple feeds, two pulse feeds of 0.5 liter nutrient medium containing 600g/L sorbitol was followed by the addition of 1.5 liter nutrient medium containing 600g/L sorbitol at a constant feed rate of 0.36L/h till the full working capacity of the reactor. The fermentation was completed in 24h with an enhanced sorbose productivity of 15.09g/L/h and a sorbose concentration of 332.60g/L. The sorbose concentration and productivity obtained by multiple feeding of nutrients was found to be higher than that obtained by pulse feeding and was therefore a better strategy for fed-batch sorbose fermentation.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.182-186
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• 2011

A poling method using multiple negative voltage was introduced to fabricate periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) devices with quasi-phase matching (QPM) period of $12.9\;{\mu}m$ by utilizing an real-time visualization system. We also performed variation of the electric field during the poling. Two different conventionally used poling method, negative and positive single pulses, were used and the poling quality compared through microscopic images and far-field diffraction pattern analysis. Etched images on the +z and -z surfaces of PPLN showed that negative multiple pulse poling presented the highest periodicity in domain structures among the three methods. Duty ratio and its standard deviation were measured by analyzing far-field diffraction patterns. The newly introduced method of negative multiple pulse poling had duty ratio of 0.42 which was close to the ideal value of 0.50 and standard deviation of 0.020 that was about 3 times smaller than that of the other conventional methods.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.508-514
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• 2005

In this paper, it was investigated the characteristics of PD(partial discharge) pulse shapes in oil and the possibility of TF(Time-Frequency) analysis for the discrimination of air corona in on-site PD measurement of oil transformers. For the purpose, single and multiple discharges combined with oil discharges and air corona were generated and measured by use of artificial models through the HFPD pulse detector and the oscilloscope. PD pulse shapes were different according to the type of defects, especially including air corona- pulses. Also, through the TF analysis, data clusters could be classified each other in the TF Map, even in the case of multiple discharges. Therefore, it is known that TF analysis could be aprlied for the improvement of on-site PD measurement in oil transformers.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2008

Solid HETCOR (Hetero-Correlation) requires homo-dipolar decoupling between proton spins during the evolution and the mixing period in 2D-NMR. There are two different ways of achieving it with pulse sequences. One is based on the multiple pulse (MP) sequence where thousands of intense radio frequency (rf) pulses are used to remove the homo-dipolar interaction between protons. The other is utilizing the so-called Lee-Goldburg (LG) off-resonance scheme where a continuous rf-irradiation is used. In this report, the advantage of one technique to the other, is analyzed. LG version is evaluated better in S/N and easier in setup procedure with the same experimental time.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 합동 추계학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.187-190
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• 2001

A new ultrasound imaging technique based on simultaneous multiple transmit focusing using orthogonal modified Golay codes is presented. modified Golay codes are used to increase signal-to-noise-ratio(SNR) and maximize the transmit power efficiency(TPE). Conventional Golay codes consist of a pair of complementary codes with same length and can be compressed into a delta-like signal due to their complementary property. In the present work, two modified Golay codes focused at different depths are transmitted at the same time, which are mutually orthogonal. On receive, these orthogonal modified Golay codes are separately compressed into two short pulses and individually focused. These two focused beam are combined to form a frame of image with improved lateral resolution. Computer simulations are performed to verity the proposed method improves the lateral resolution of image compared with the conventional echo system.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제24권6B호
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• pp.1134-1141
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 광 코드분할 다중접속(optical code division multiple access)시스템을 구현하고 그 구현된 시스템의 성능을 분석한다. 구현된 OCDMA 시스템에서 송신단은 레이저 다이오드를 이용하여 데이터를 광 펄스로 변환하며, 4단의 지연단으로 구성한 인코더를 이용하여 펄스 열로 확산한다. 수신단에서는 인코더의 지연선 구조와 동일한 구조의 디코더에서 펄스를 지연시킨 후 결합하여 수신된 신호를 복원한다. 성능분석에 있어서는, 먼저 단일 사용자 및 다중 사용자 환경 하에서 광 CDMA 신호의 auto-correlation과 cross-correlation을 분석하고, 실험을 통해 시뮬레이션 결과를 검증하였다. 또한 광섬유 지연선의 단 수 및 코드 길이 등 시스템의 성능에 영향을 미치는 파라메타를 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 분석하였다. 실험 결과는 인코더와 디코더의 지연선 구조가 동일한 경우 펄스 열의 중앙에서 피크값의 펄스가 발생하는 auto-correlation 특성에 의해 데이터를 복원할 수 있었고, 지연선 구조가 동일하지 않은 경우 cross-correlation 특성에 의해 데이터를 복원할 수 없었다. 성능 분석 결과는 코드 길이가 감소하거나, 지연단위의 단 수를 증 $]$쳔갭\ulcorner비트 에러 확률이 감소하지만 요구되는 레이저 광원의 펄스폭이 점차로 감소하므로 시스템 구현이 어렵게 된다. 이러한 실험 및 분석 결과를 이용하면 CDMA 기술을 광 통신 네트워크로 적용할 수 있다.