• 재활복지
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.177-193
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that affect the awareness of disabled in undergraduate students. A sample of 1,998 respondents was surveyed. Of these, a total of 1,957 questionnaires were analysed excluding the 41 questionnaires that did not agree with the survey or had a missing data. The questionnaire consists of the general characteristics, experience related to disability and disability awareness and we used a 4-point Likert scale. Collected data was analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 program and descriptive statistics, t-test, variance analysis and multiple regression analysis were used. According to the results of the study, the disability awareness score of our respondents was average 40.52. Second, female students had more positive about disability awareness than male ones, and senior students had more positive awareness than other grade students. Third, non-rehabilitation department students' disability awareness was more positive than rehabilitation students. Fourth, the disability awareness of people who have a acquaintance member with disability or health worker were significantly positive. Finally, the awareness of people who experienced at the disability related institution were significantly positive. Therefore, to improve the awareness of undergraduate students about disabilities, it is required to activate positive contact experiences with people with disabilities rather than theoretical learning.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.488-496
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• 2022

For over two years, after COVID-19 was first reported in the last quarter of 2019, the world has suffered from the pandemic. The Korean government has taken an initiative and has implemented a variety of policies to protect people from COVID-19. These policies have resulted in some suffering and inconvenience for people. In this context, we aim to find out what factors influence Korean college students' intention to social distance. We surveyed with Google's online survey tool(Google Form) for 116 Korean college students using a convenient sampling from December 30, 2020, to January 8, 2021. We put perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived health status, level of involvement, and trust in the policy as independent variables into a multiple regression equation using the stepwise method. We found that intention to social distance was predicted by perceived susceptibility, level of involvement, and trust in the policy in the final model. The findings mean that the more people perceive themselves susceptible to COVID-19, and the more they get involved with COVID-19, and the more they trust their governmental policies on COVID-19, the more they agree on social distancing.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2018

Purpose - In franchise system, how to build the relationship between the franchisor and franchisee through influence strategy is very important, because it affects on the long-term orientation like recontract intentions. Thus, this study examines the effect of mandatory influence strategy on relationship satisfaction, relationship trust, and recontract intentions in the context of food-service franchise industry. This study suggests the guidelines on how franchisor uses their influence strategy on franchisee to maintain and increase the recontract intentions. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examines the structural relationship between mandatory influence strategy, relationship satisfaction, relationship trust, and recontract intentions from the franchisee's perspective. Mandatory influence strategy divide into three sub-dimensions such as request, legalistic plea, threat. In order to test the purposes of this study, research model and hypotheses were developed. Every constructs were measured by multiple items tested and developed in the previous research. Also, the constructs utilized in this research are measured using 7-point scales anchored by "1=strongly disagree" and 7=strongly agree". The data were collected from 496 owner and owner manager franchisees and were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and Smart PLS 3.0. program. Analysis of frequency was conducted to identify the demographics and general characteristics of the survey subjects. In order to measure the reliability and validity of the measurement tools, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis were conducted and structural model analysis was conducted to verify the proposed research model. Result - The results of this study are as follows. First, this research found that mandatory influence strategy is positively related to relationship satisfaction and relationship trust, but not to recontract intention directly. Second, this research also found that the full mediating role of relationship satisfaction and relationship trust between the mandatory influence strategy and recontract intention. Conclusions - The findings of this research indicate that franchisor should use properly mandatory influence strategy to improve recontract intentions through relationship satisfaction and relationship trust. Due to the nature of food-service franchise industry, which needs high relationship quality, franchisor must manage their franchisee using influence strategy in order to improve satisfaction and trust. If franchisee perceives higher relationship quality, they will show higher intention to recontract. At the end of this paper, limitations and future research directions were suggested.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.17-27
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• 2017

Purpose - In align with the increasing competition in both online and offline franchise markets caused by the increasing impact of social networking service, entrepreneurial passion(EP) of the franchise owners has crucial impact on the stakeholders. This study proposed the customer among stakeholders has the critical influence firm's success and examined the structural relationship between entrepreneurial passion(EP) and trust, identification, and loyalty from the customer's perspective. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examines the structural relationship between entrepreneurial passion(EP), trust, identification, and loyalty from the customer's perspective. More specifically, the EP were measured using three sub-dimensions such as EP-inventing(Perceived passion for inventing), EP-founding(Perceived passion for foundting), and EP-developing(Perceived passion for developing). In order to verify the research purposes, research model and hypotheses were developed. All constructs were measured with multiple items developed and tested in the previous studies. Each item was measured on a 7 point Likert-scale anchored by '1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree'. The data were collected from 449 franchise consumers through online survey and were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and Smart PLS 3.0. statistical program. Result - The results of this study are as follows. First, EP-inventing and EP-developing have significant impacts on corporate trust. Second, EP-founding does not have significant impact on corporate trust. Third, EP-inventing and EP-founding have significant impacts on consumer identification. Fourth, EP-developing does not have impact on identification directly, but does indirectly through corporate trust as a mediator. Fifth, corporate trust and identification have significant impacts on loyalty. Conclusions - This indicates that the foodservice franchise CEOs should continuously develop new menus and service to fulfill customer needs. EP-inventing of the food franchise CEOs may enhance customer trust for higher quality of product or service, and EP-developing can also be a driving force for customer trust as it embeds belief in customers that the franchise is sustainably developing. Also, food franchise CEOs should first clarify the support process for the existing brands before developing new ones. Customers tend to lead the trend by using brands that satisfy new trends in the foodservice franchise market, and it could have identification with the trend-setting franchise. Customers do not accept if a company is different from their personal image or norms. So the franchise CEOs must create identification with customers by building corporate trust. Corporate trust influences consumer behavior and emotion, thus the franchises need to secure trust by improving product or service continuously.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.95-115
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• 2023

Even the teachers who agree with the necessity of effective mathematical discussions find it difficult to orchestrate such discussions in the actual lessons. This study focused on analyzing the difficulties 15 elementary school teachers faced in applying "the five practices for orchestrating productive mathematics discussions" to their lessons. Specifically, this study analyzed the process of planning, implementing, and reflecting on the lessons to which three or four teachers as a teacher community applied the five practices. The results of this study showed that the teachers experienced difficulties in selecting and presenting tasks tailored to the student levels and class environment, monitoring all students' solutions, and identifying the core mathematical ideas in student solutions. In addition, this study revealed practical and specific difficulties that had not been described in the previous studies, such as writing a lesson plan for effective use, simultaneously performing multiple teacher roles, and visually sharing student presentations. This study is expected to provide practical tips for elementary school teachers who are eager to promote effective mathematical discussions and to provoke professional discourse for teacher educators through specific examples.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.133-141
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• 2023

This study was conducted to identify the effects of medium sized hospital nurses' nursing intention, infection prevention environment, and social psychological well-being on infection control performance of COVID-19 outbreak. The data collection period was from May 2 to May 31, 2022, and the questionnaires of 161 nurses who were working at I and B medium sized hospital in incheon and agree to participate in this study, were analyzed. Using the IBM SPSS/Win 25.0, the collected data was analyzed through the descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regreβion analysis. As a result, the infection prevention environment(β=.225, p<.001) and the experience of participating in new infectious disease education(β=.208, p=.008) had a significant effect and these variables were found to have 10.9% explanatory power for COVID-19 related infection control performance. Therefore, in the context of the outbreak of COVID-19, it is important to create an environment for infection prevention and to provide continuous and diverse education related to infectius diseases.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.3D
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• pp.363-369
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• 2008

Change is inevitable and is a reality of construction projects. Change adjustment includes the cost associated with materials, labor, etc. However, the actions of a contractor can cause a loss of productivity and furthermore can result in disruption of the whole project because of a cumulative or ripple effect. Because of its complicated nature, it becomes a complex issue to determine the cumulative impact (ripple effect) caused by single or multiple change orders. Furthermore, owners and contractors do not always agree on the adjusted contract price for the cumulative impact of the changes. What is needed is a reliable method to identify and quantify the loss of productivity caused by cumulative impact of change orders. This study survey the change orders data in domestic area for public construction and analyze to quantify change order impact. This study developed concepts of "%CO", "%Delta", "%T" to capture change order effect on project and search the relationships between them. Finally, this study find strong relationship between change order and loss.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.6_1
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• pp.883-893
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• 2019

In this study, crop coefficients were calculated in two different methods and the results were evaluated. In the first method, appropriateness of GLDAS-based evapotranspiration was evaluated by comparing it with observed data of Cheongmi-cheon (CMC) Flux tower. Then, crop coefficient was calculated by dividing actual evapotranspiration with potential evapotranspiration that derived from GLDAS. In the second method, crop coefficient was determined by using MLR (Multiple Linear Regression) analysis with vegetation index (NDVI, EVI, LAI and SAVI) derived from MODIS and in-situ soil moisture data observed in CMC, In comparison of two crop coefficients over the entire period, for each crop coefficient GLDAS K_c and SM&VI K_c, shows the mean value of 0.412 and 0.378, the bias of 0.031 and -0.004, the RMSE of 0.092 and 0.069, and the Index of Agree (IOA) of 0.944 and 0.958. Overall, both methods showed similar patterns with observed evapotranspiration, but the SM&VI-based method showed better results. One step further, the statistical evaluation of GLDAS K_c and SM&VI K_c in specific period was performed according to the growth phase of the crop. The result shows that GLDAS K_c was better in the early and mid-phase of the crop growth, and SM&VI K_c was better in the latter phase. This result seems to be because of reduced accuracy of MODIS sensors due to yellow dust in spring and rain clouds in summer. If the observational accuracy of the MODIS sensor is improved in subsequent study, the accuracy of the SM&VI-based method will also be improved and this method will be applicable in determining the crop coefficient of unmeasured basin or predicting the crop coefficient of a certain area.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.55-73
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• 2007

Festivals are an indispensable feature of cultural tourism(Formica & Uysal, 1998). Cultural tourism festivals are increasingly being used as instruments promoting tourism and boosting the regional economy. So much research related to festivals is undertaken from a variety of perspectives. Plans to revisit a particular festival have been viewed as an important research topic both in academia and the tourism industry. Therefore festivals have frequently been leveled as cultural events. Cultural tourism festivals have become a crucial component in constituting the attractiveness of tourism destinations(Prentice, 2001). As a result, a considerable number of tourist studies have been carried out in diverse cultural tourism festivals(Backman et al., 1995; Crompton & Mckay, 1997; Park, 1998; Clawson & Knetch, 1996). Much of previous literature empirically shows the close linkage between tourist satisfaction and behavioral intention in festivals. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of evaluation attributes of cultural tourism festivals on satisfaction and behavioral intention. accomplish the research objective, to find out evaluation items of cultural tourism festivals through the literature study an empirical study. Using a varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization, the research obtained four factors in the 18 evaluation attributes of cultural tourism festivals. Some empirical studies have examined the relationship between behavioral intention and actual behavior. To understand between tourist satisfaction and behavioral intention, this study suggests five hypotheses and hypothesized model. In this study, the analysis is based on primary data collected from visitors who participated in '2006 Gwangju Kimchi Festival'. In total, 700 self-administered questionnaires were distributed and 561 usable questionnaires were obtained. Respondents were presented with the 18 satisfactions item on a scale from 1(strongly disagree) to 7(strongly agree). Dimensionality and stability of the scale were evaluated by a factor analysis with varimax rotation. Four factors emerged with eigenvalues greater than 1, which explained 66.40% of the total variance and Cronbach' alpha raging from 0.876 to 0.774. And four factors named: advertisement and guides, programs, food and souvenirs, and convenient facilities. To test and estimate the hypothesized model, a two-step approach with an initial measurement model and a subsequent structural model for Structural Equation Modeling was used. The AMOS 4.0 analysis package was used to conduct the analysis. In estimating the model, the maximum likelihood procedure was used.In this study Chi-square test is used, which is the most common model goodness-of-fit test. In addition, considering the literature about the Structural Equation Modeling, this study used, besides Chi-square test, more model fit indexes to determine the tangibility of the suggested model: goodness-of-fit index(GFI) and root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA) as absolute fit indexes; normed-fit index(NFI) and non-normed-fit index(NNFI) as incremental fit indexes. The results of T-test and ANOVAs revealed significant differences(0.05 level), therefore H1(Tourist Satisfaction level should be different from Demographic traits) are supported. According to the multiple Regressions analysis and AMOS, H2(Tourist Satisfaction positively influences on revisit intention), H3(Tourist Satisfaction positively influences on word of mouth), H4(Evaluation Attributes of cultural tourism festivals influences on Tourist Satisfaction), and H5(Tourist Satisfaction positively influences on Behavioral Intention) are also supported. As the conclusion of this study are as following: First, there were differences in satisfaction levels in accordance with the demographic information of visitors. Not all visitors had the same degree of satisfaction with their cultural tourism festival experience. Therefore it is necessary to understand the satisfaction of tourists if the experiences that are provided are to meet their expectations. So, in making festival plans, the organizer should consider the demographic variables in explaining and segmenting visitors to cultural tourism festival. Second, satisfaction with attributes of evaluation cultural tourism festivals had a significant direct impact on visitors' intention to revisit such festivals and the word of mouth publicity they shared. The results indicated that visitor satisfaction is a significant antecedent of their intention to revisit such festivals. Festival organizers should strive to forge long-term relationships with the visitors. In addition, it is also necessary to understand how the intention to revisit a festival changes over time and identify the critical satisfaction factors. Third, it is confirmed that behavioral intention was enhanced by satisfaction. The strong link between satisfaction and behavioral intentions of visitors areensured by high quality advertisement and guides, programs, food and souvenirs, and convenient facilities. Thus, examining revisit intention from a time viewpoint may be of a great significance for both practical and theoretical reasons. Additionally, festival organizers should give special attention to visitor satisfaction, as satisfied visitors are more likely to return sooner. The findings of this research have several practical implications for the festivals managers. The promotion of cultural festivals should be based on the understanding of tourist satisfaction for the long- term success of tourism. And this study can help managers carry out this task in a more informed and strategic manner by examining the effects of demographic traits on the level of tourist satisfaction and the behavioral intention. In other words, differentiated marketing strategies should be stressed and executed by relevant parties. The limitations of this study are as follows; the results of this study cannot be generalized to other cultural tourism festivals because we have not explored the many different kinds of festivals. A future study should be a comparative analysis of other festivals of different visitor segments. Also, further efforts should be directed toward developing more comprehensive temporal models that can explain behavioral intentions of tourists.