• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.313-326
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• 2021

This study was to introduce ecological momentary assessment and show how to apply it to real-world research. As preliminary study for sustainable development, the result explained growth model using senior's longitudinal data and suitability of multi-level model in EMA data with regression analysis. The total variance of dependent variable was determined through a base model with only intercept and approximately 47% of total variance was caused by individual differences and 53% by time point differences. Second model was used to verified that each individual has a different effect on the senior vitality and effect on time was not significant. This is because it is the result of a preliminary stage where treatment is not involved and there is no significant change in process of collecting EMA data without external intervention. Third model that add gender as an independent variable showed significant change in both time and gender. Finally compared the PRD for each model and found models that without gender variables fit the data more effectively. This suggests that studies dealing with longitudinal data such as EMA data should adopt multi-level model that can measure individual characteristics, taking into account respondents' time and context.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.687-701
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• 2018

A multi-function weir is representative control structure in the stream flow. Estimation of accurate flood discharge according to gate operations and prediction of floodwave travel times at the downstream are very important in terms of water use and river management. This study analyzed the limitation and improvement through the current gate operation data on the Young-san river. in addition, flood discharge was calculated considering lower and upper water level condition and gate operating using the modified slope-area method in the Seoung-chon weir. As a result, the current state was required improvement because exceed the theoretical range and rapidly fluctuation of discharge coefficient, can not be considered difference between the upper and lower water level and the estimation by the regression equation. As a result of applying the proposed method in this study, the above mentioned limitations can be compensated, compared with the current discharge data. Also it was analyzed as more physically valid because using the evaluated hydraulic equation and estimate the slope and friction loss of natural stream by iteration and to reduce the error. In conclusion, the process carried out serves as a representative flow control point of the water system through reliable discharge estimation, it is expected that it will be possible to properly river management.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.119-127
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is an attempt to explore the impact of working environment of visiting instructor on the empowerment for multi-cultural families. In this light, this study aims to provide some inevitable and necessary foundational data for reinforcing the empowerment of visiting instructor in order to essentially improve the quality and effectiveness of this governmental service. To accomplish this goal, this study selected eighteen multi-cultural service centers which locate near to the capital city due to each center serves relatively a large populations of multi-cultural families and took a survey from visiting instructor 286 survey forms. It used SPSS WIN 15.0 program for analyzing data, and the following is a list of tests used in this research: t-test,One-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis. The conclusive consequences from the research are following. In the case of analyzing the difference of empowerment for multi-cultural families, the project showed that the nationality, the forms of religion, the level of education, the number of child, the state of economic made a difference. As this project explored the impact of working environment on job stress, it showed that job characteristics and organizational commitment's compensation system and the development of education negatively effects on job stress. Therefore, as this project investigated how the working environment impacts on the empowerment.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.99-110
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• 2013

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate factors related to prostate disease and follow-up procedure on health examination program in Gangwon-do. Methods: The studied population was 16,501 male aged 40 or more, who underwent screening tests for prostatic disease in 2011 health examination program designed for the low income residents in Gangwon-do. The screening tests included prostate specific antigen (PSA), international symptom score (IPSS), and maximal flow rate (Qmax). We conducted chi-square test for trend, two independent samples t-test, and binary logistic regression to find out the relationship between prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia and risk factors such as age, PSA level, and IPSS. Results: The number of subjects who turned out positive for PSA level (> 3.8ng/ml) was 971 men accounting for 5.9%. The result of post survey on them showed that 511 subjects (52.6%) got the urology check-up: 156 (30.5%) were diagnosed as normal, 286 (56.0%) as benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 69 (13.5%) as prostate cancer. The detection rate for prostate cancer was 8.8% when PSA level was between 3.81 and 9.99g/ml, and was 30.6% when PSA level was more than 10.00ng/ml. The rates of further testing varied depending on the communities from 26.7% to 68.2%, which was mainly affected by the role of local health center. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that enhanced quality control of local health center and empowerment of screening agency would increase the effort of coupled institutions between public and private sectors.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.386-391
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• 2007

Mercury contamination and its health effects have become major concern of environmental health study in Korea. Mercury exposure of some group were investigated to get the accurate data for policy making and study. About 2,000 children at 26 elementary schools participated in this survey to evaluate the exposure levels and to investigate main exposure source of mercury. Analysis of mercury levels in the whole blood and urine samples were conducted and questionnaire survey was done about the factors influencing exposures simultaneously. Mercury exposure levels of domestic children were N.D. to 17.26 ppb in blood, 0.17 to $21.67{\mu}g/g$-creatinine in urine. The mean(arithmetic) levels are 2.42 ppb in blood and $2.53{\mu}g/g$-creatinine in urine. Both of them were below the recommendation levels of US EPA and German CHBM I $5.8{\mu}g/l$ and $5{\mu}g/l$ in blood, $5{\mu}g/g$-creatinine of German CHBM I in urine. But 1%, 0.51% of levels in blood exceed the level of CHBM I and US EPA, 8%, 0.85% of children were over the level of CHBM I and CHBM II in urine. Multi-valuable regression analysis showed that the existence of road near the residence in addition to the preference for fish have significance with blood mercury exposure level of domestic children. The existence of factory near the house and the experience of dental amalgam treatment had statistical relations with urine mercury level.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.707-715
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• 2011

Objectives : The objective of this study was to assess a level of oral health related quality of life(OHRQoL) for rural communities elderly and to determine the association between OHRQoL and socio-economic position. Methods : The study population was elderly(60+year-old) residents of PyeongChang county, Jeongseon county, Yeongwol county, Gangwon province. A total of 171 people were invited to participate. Oral health related quality of life was measured using the GOHAI. The data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test and to assess socio-economic inequalities in OHRQoL(GOHAI), we used multi-variable logistic regression models. We used models adjusting for age, sex, family status factors(Model I) and compared them to models additionally adjusting for stress level(Model II). Results : There were significant differences in lower score of GOHAI at lower age group and live alone group. And we found that lower SES was significantly associated with lower score of OHRQoL. Social gradient in the score of OHRQoL persisted when adjusted for age, sex, family status, stress level. Conclusions : We recommend that oral health promotion program should be developed after due consideration SES for rural communities elderly because OHRQoL of rural communities elderly was low and association between SES and OHRQoL for rural communities elderly.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.354-361
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• 2021

This study explored whether the transition to living with a chronic disease changes the level of depression symptoms among middle-aged and older adults in South Korea. We hypothesize that the transition to living with chronic disease leads to a higher level of depressive symptoms. A nationally representative sample (N = 6,284) of adults 45 years and older from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) was analyzed. Multi-regression modeling was used to examine the association between the diagnosis of chronic disease and the level of depressive symptoms in patients. The findings highlight the need for policy makers, clinicians, as well as patients and their caregivers to become more aware of mental health risks in patients diagnosed with chronic diseases, particularly first-time patients. This study contributes to encouraging greater psychosocial support, including monitoring the level of depressive symptoms of patients who develop chronic conditions and providing appropriate treatments for those at the highest risk.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.161-185
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate for gifted elementary students in science the feature of character, life goals and happiness, and the effect relationship on happiness based on the relationship between factors. For this, independent t-test, multi-linear regression analysis and hierarchical regression were conducted. The results from this study are as follows. First, scientifically gifted elementary students show higher level of responsibility, ethics, positive self-understanding and contribution goal, but lower in material and image goal than general students. Second, character, life goal and happiness are correlated. Third, female students rather than male students and students with consideration/service character have intrinsic goals. While, the students with higher level of consideration/service and lower level of sympathy show extrinsic goals. The higher the level of consideration/service and the lower of self-control they have the higher their happiness are. Fourth, as scientifically gifted elementary students have more consideration and relationship goal, their happiness go up. While, the more they have self-growth and material goal, the lower the happiness. Fifth, the character of scientifically gifted elementary students is the factor that explains the effect on happiness more easily than life goal, relatively. The factor of life goal mediates the consideration/service and happiness. In conclusion, I hope that this study contribute to raise the happiness of scientifically gifted elementary students, and considerate the character education and counseling program for character development.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.935-946
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• 2016

In this paper, we analyzed wage determinants of the vocational high school graduates utilizing both individual-level and work region-level variables. We formulate the models in the way wage determination has multi-level structure in the sense that individual wage is influenced by individual-level variables (level-1) and work region-level (level-2) variables. To incorporate dependency between individual wages into the model, we utilize hierarchical linear model (HLM). The major results are as follows. First, it is shown that the HLM model is better than the OLS regression models which do not take level-1 and level-2 variables simultaneously into account. Second, random effects on sex, maester dummy and engineering dummy variables are statistically significant. Third, the fixed effects on business hours and mean wage of regular job for level-2 variables are statistically significant effect individual-level wages. Finally, parental education level, parental income, number of licenses and high school grade are statistically significant for higher individual-level wages.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.24-33
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• 2024

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate individual- and community-level factors on suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among Korean adults. Methods : This study was conducted on 225,965 adults collected through data from the 2021 Community Health Survey and the Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS). The general characteristics, suicidal behavior (e.g., suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts), and community-level characteristics of the study subjects were analyzed using frequency (%) and mean (standard deviation). The effects on individual- and community-level factors on suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was analyzed using multilevel logistic regression models. Results : The community-level factor associated with suicidal ideation was unmet health care (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.053, 95% CI=1.035-1.071), and the community-level factor associated with suicide attempt was the aging rate (OR=1.015, 95% CI=1.001-1.030). Regarding health-related variables, the individual-level factors associated with suicidal ideation were stress status (OR=9.388, 95% CI=8.629-10.213), depressive experience in the past year (OR=6.737, 95% CI=6.454-7.032), and the predominantly individual-level factors associated with suicide attempt were also stress status (OR=5.213, 95% CI=3.699-7.347), and depressive experience in the last one year (OR=13.433, 95% CI: 11.247-16.044). Conclusions : We confirmed individual-level and community-level factors influencing suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. Through these findings, we need to establish suicide prevention policies, considering managing individual-level factors such as stress and depression as well as community-level factors such as unmet health care.