• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.121-129
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• 2013

This study was aimed at determining the characteristics of circular multi-family housing under the assumption that the shape of a residential building affects local identity. A total of six case studies were included in this study, three case studies on idle historical industrial facilities turned into residential buildings and another three on multi-family housing located in newly developed residential complexes. The study drew its conclusions as follows. First, the design of circular multi-family housing was intended to maximize security and defense from the outside in older times. This was later developed as the terrace house style with geometric urban squares designed under the urban planning of the Baroque period. This evolved high-density housing with a courtyard in the center offering a green open space, with the aim of restoring a sense of humanity. Second, the six case studies on circular multi-family housing were analyzed from the viewpoint of each factor of local identity, including historical and cultural, landscape, and community. Third, the historical and cultural elements of circular multi-family housing are found in some unused historical industrial facilities remodeled into residential buildings. They provide new capabilities and shapes desired by society at a given time, while maintaining familiar styles and elements of history, integrating a legacy of the past into the present. Fourth, circular multi-family housing with unique shapes and structures often become landmarks of a region with their distinctive appearance against a uniform urban environment and the monotonous scenery of residential complexes. They also show a high level of visual awareness with the distinctive shapes made possible when new elements are added to a historical exterior. Finally, circular multi-family housing with courtyards in the center prompt social contact between inhabitants, especially with dormitories and rental houses for the low-income bracket, which provide a small individual units with high use common space. Circular multi-family housing are planned in a manner similar to a small village or a city. They are designed to enhance sense of community, allocating various public amenities and provide cultural and commercial spaces on the ground floor and courtyard areas.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-55
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of health behavior and self-esteem and the relationship between the two factors among elementary school students with multi-cultural family background. Participants: Survey participants were 87 multi-cultural family children who lived in Seoul and Kyoungi areas and were registered in the local elementary schools. Methods: Data collection was conducted by face-to-face interview survey. Elementary education majored undergraduate students who participated in the education support program for multi-cultural family children in the Ministry of Education and Science and primary researcher of this study interviewed the target students and finished the survey questionnaire based on the students' responses. Survey included general characteristics, multi-cultural family characteristics, self-esteem, and (physical, mental, and social) health behavior. Results: 1. The self-esteem scores of the multi-cultural families children were greater in girl than boys among the children whose parents were graduated from college or more, and whose father had his job. The participants' health behavior scores were different by mothers' educational level. 2. The better they speak in English the greater the self-esteem scores. There was no statistical difference in health behavior scores by the participants' multi-cultural family background. 3. Self-esteem had moderate level correlation with health behavior (r= .56, p= .00) including all sub-categories of physical, mental, and social health. Conclusions: Positive self-esteem level is more sensitive to explain multi-cultural family children's health behaviors, which means that self-esteem is an important factor determining multi-cultural children's health behaviors and their health status in future. Therefore, more research to identify the factors related to health behaviors should be supported and the health promotion programs utilizing self-esteem should be developed for the child and youth with multi-cultural family backgrounds.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.21-38
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• 2009

This study examined the resilience factors of multi-cultural families using depth interviews. Thirty-one multi-cultural families(totaling 98 individuals) were interviewed on a range of issues, including the process of marriage, the attitude of international marriage, family relations, social networks, the process of social adaptation, and their needs for specific social services. The resilience theory was used to categorize resilience factors, multi-cultural families. Analysis of results from depth interviews identified three broad resilience factors. The first was related to for belief systems which included 'family's common goal', The second was related to family functioning systems which included 'family cohesion', 'family adaptability', and 'satisfaction for role-expectation'. The third was related to social networking which included 'satisfaction from social activities'. These resilience factors helped multi-cultural families cope with stressful events and risk situations related to every day life. Results from this study imply that multi-cultural families possess the abilities to lead a meaningful and healthy life-style regardless of obstacles such as communication difficulties, cultural differences, and societal stigma.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.17-26
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• 2013

This study is aimed to investigate the characteristics of the elevations in the contemporary multi-family residential buildings in Paris. The survey was performed by studying 30 buildings which had won the multi-family residential project competitions, held in Paris in 2011. Since 30 buildings in the survey will be constructed in Paris in a couple of years, current trends of the elevations of the multi-family residential buildings can be extracted. Historically and also currently, in France, the multi-family housing has been studied to solve the various social problems; especially in Paris where the historical buildings and the modern and the contemporary buildings stand together in perfect harmony. The uniform elevations of the multi-family residential buildings in Korea, have been consist problems in the country. By studying the building elevations in Paris, the solutions to solve the current problems and to improve the situation, can be found. The study will be discussed in three different categories. First of all, the volume and the mass of building in the survey buildings, will be analyzed. Secondly, the openings in the facade, such as the windows and the balconies of the survey projects, will be analyzed. Finally, the materials and the colors of the facade will be discussed. By analyzing the elevations of the multi-family residential building projects, which had won the competitions, and are soon to be built in Paris, the various experiments and the attempts in building elevations, currently happening in Paris which is mostly known as a Haussmann style city, can be presumed, as well as the willingness of the city to reserve the historic buildings in the city.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.174-182
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to find applicable design characteristics of communal spaces in multi-family houses. With this goal, international multi-family housing projects are selected and their communal spaces are identified. The purpose of study lies in analyzing on recent 10 years trends of shared space of multi-family houses in Europe, Japan, central America. The design characteristics of the communal spaces are analyzed with a special focus on the four Aspects such as Organization of space, access roads, parking, pedestrian movement In terms of the framework for analysis, community, rest, separability, rambling, territory, distribution, entrance, openness, view, prospect and aesthetic characteristics are reviewed. As a result, the communal space of the analysis are integrated in plans and sections throughout the multi-family houses. Openness and connection with surrounding urban environments are articulated by communal spaces. Communal identities and aesthetics are emphasized by various space for dweller and the other inhabitant. For a further research, it is necessary to combine a design method study with new multi-family houses for the future.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.145-153
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• 2003

The Ministry of Construction & Transportation revised the full text of 'The Act for Promoting Housing Construction' that concentrated to the quantitative supply of houses into 'Housing Act' in order to improve the quantity as well as quality of housing construction and management, such as housing welfare, management or improvement of previous houses, in October 2002. Accordingly, local authority need to play more critical roles in the area of multi-family housing management and remodeling. The desirable roles of local authority called for the need are like followings: 1. Local authority should provide professional knowledge for education, direction and consultation of multi-family housing management rather keeping the previous role to control, manage and regulate it. 2. The multi-family housing management should be changed from administration and punishment to incentive-centered institutions. 3. It is necessary to consider neglected people, such as occupants of rental apartment or of a small-sized multi-family housing, who have been excepted from the subject of obligatory management under the current law. 4. For harmonious and professional housing management, local authority need to support the establishment or special companies for housing management and to strengthen the audit on trust management companies. 5. It calls for the studies on management guideline of multi-family housing, standardization of management specifics, reasonable standard for special mending appropriation amount, etc. 6. They should lead the composition of a community by residents harmoniously and support the encouragement of community consciousness to live together.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.265-273
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the state-of-the-art daylighting design among LEED(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) multi-family housing cases and to explore the feasibilities for their applications in domestic housing design. Occupants in multi-family houses are reported to consume more electricity power than those in single houses. That may imply the problems of daylighting design in domestic housing design for multi-family houses have better insulation system and less windows and outside walls than single houses. Therefore two systems, daylight delivery system and daylight control system, are scrutinized for daylighting design with LEED cases. The findings show when windows as a daylight delivery system are combined with overhangs, fins, louvers, fenestration materials, speciality fenestration, or interior controls as a daylight control system, the outcome goes with more energy savings and better facade design. Beside those, lightshelves as a daylight delivery system seem to have potentials in domestic multi-family houses with deep plans and less outside walls. Daylighting designs in domestic multi-family houses need to pursue available options more to achieve the integration of energy and aesthetics values.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.3-11
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• 2009

The ratio of old persons among the total population is rapidly increasing and the apartment has become to the representative housing type in Korea. This means that many old persons would live in multi-family houses. Therefore the study was intended to examine the preferred characteristics of interior space organization in multi-family house by the aged. The characteristics were the number and usage of bedroom, necessity and type of dress room, type of living room, arrangement of work centers in kitchen, LDK type, the number and layout of bathroom, and type of entrance and balcony. The subjects were 122 old persons who lived in multi-family houses in Ulsan. The individual interview was carried out for collecting the data. The results were as the followings; The characteristics of interior space organization in multi-family houses preferred by the elderly were three bedroom, two bathroom, DK or LDK type, open planned living room, L shape arrangement of kitchen work center, entrance connected directly to outdoor space such as elevator hall or corridor, and the balcony located in front of living room and at the back of small bedroom. Even thouth the average age of population has increased, many apartments still be planned and provided without consideration of old persons. This study would contribute to plan the multi-family houses for the elderly.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.51-70
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• 2011

This study is to explore the effects of leisure life on multi-cultural family from a view of marriage migrants women. For this purpose, data were collected by in-depth interviews of 24 marriage migrants women who came from 7 countries such as Vietnam, China, Japan etc. They are living in Daejeon city, Okcheon gun(Chungbuk), Gumi city(Gyungbuk) and the length of residence is ranging from 4 and half month to 13 years and 6 months. Data were analyzed by qualitative method. Major findings are as follows: First, individual and family leisure of marriage migrant women had positive effects on adaptation of her family life. Especially, in the early marriage stage, family leisure contributed women's emotional stability. Second, time was the most limiting constraints in family leisure of multi-cultural family. Third, early in the marriage, marriage migrant women who is not fluent in Korean language, customs, and courtesy hinders them from joining their family leisure. Fourth, leisure may seem to contribute to family life satisfaction, but marital relationships and household economy has to be settled beforehand.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.97-114
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• 2015

This study classify and compare leisure activities migrants women multi-cultural family member includes husband and children. Their common leisure activities is normal daily activity life comparable non leisure daily activity life. Those of common leisure actives is watching type of leisure such as reading book, eat out, visit relatives which reflect passive and egocentric. Therefore need to ownself active, self creative, as well as its family harmony oriented is more signigicant. Future study will be find out the barrier of cultural activities and advanture activities leisure for multi-cultural family.