• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.853-871
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• 2015

Up to now, Japan has more than 200 corrugated steel web composite beam bridges which are under construction and have been constructed, and China has more than 30 corrugated steel web composite beam bridges. The bridge type includes the simply supported beam, continuous beam, continuous rigid frame and cable stayed bridge etc. The section form has developed to the single box and multi-cell box girder from the original single box and single chamber. From the stress performance and cost saving, the span range of 50~150 m is the most competitive. At present, the design mostly adopts the computational analytical method combining the spatial bar system model, plane beam grillage model and solid model. However, the spatial bar system model is short of the refinement analysis on the space effect, such as the shear lag effect, effective distribution width problem, and eccentric load factor problem etc. Due to the similarity of the plane beam grillage method in the equivalence principle, it cannot accurately reflect the shearing stress distribution and local stress of the top and bottom plates of the box type composite beam. The solid model is very difficult to combine with the overall calculation. Moreover, the spatial grid model can achieve the refinement analysis, with the integrity of the analysis and the comprehensiveness of the stress checking calculation, and can make up the deficiency of the analytical method currently. Through the example verification of the solid model and spatial grid model, it can be seen that the calculation results for the stress and the displacement of two models are almost consistent, indicating the applicability and precision of the spatial grid model.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2013

밤콩 사장교는 메콩강 삼각주 지역 연결 사업의 일환으로 메콩강 하류의 꾸롱 삼각주에 위치하고 있으며, 중앙경간 450m의 사장교로 설계되었다. 왕복 4차선으로 구성된 강합성 보강형과 멀티 스트랜드 방식의 케이블을 적용하였으며, 개선된 H형 주탑과 현장타설 콘크리트 말뚝 기초로 구성되어 있다. 주탑, 프리캐스트 콘크리트 바닥판 그리고 현장타설 콘크리트 말뚝에는 고강도 콘크리트를 적용하여 구조적 안정성을 확보하였다. 본 고에서는 밤콩 사장교의 설계에 적용된 설계기준 및 주요 설계 특징을 설명하고자 한다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.71-82
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• 1998

This study aimed to aimed to obtain some basis data for the housing consultation and information about housing through survey of needs for the housing consultation. Respondents were housewives from 395 households living in Seoul area. Questionnaire was used for survey and the collected data were classified by two items such as types of residence and age of housewives. The survey was performed during two weeks in September 1997 and analyzed by frequency mean and percentage using SAS program The finding are as follows; (1) According to the actual conditions of housing consultation the main source of information related to housing was a newspaper Those who had experience detached house had much more opportunities than those of multi-family house. The most frequent agency for housing consultation was a realty dealer showing 65.8%. However the percentage of visiting permanent housing exhibition centers was high among the people aged 20 to 30, noted 20.4%. (2) Level of understanding housing consultation showed 3.45 points among 5. This result indicated that the service system of housing consultation were required. Architects and interior designers were most preferred as specialists whom the respondents wanted to consult with . As to the contents of consultation the most required item was changing of interior space(22.6%). In case the housing information leaflet is sold the respondents were willing to pay 523 won for each of it. (3) Among leaflets related to various information leaflets about housing purchase were most preferred(21.0%) According to the result of the survey the need for the information about housing purchase indicated higher preference than about housing management. The fact could be thought that consumers' consciousness of housing should be changed. Therefore it is desirable to lead consumers to lengthen the expected life span of their house and value happiness of the house by providing them with consulting systems about housing management throug housing consultation materials and development of its programs.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 구조성질들이 제대로 평가되지 않은 구조물의 부분구조 모델을 설정하는 방법을 제시한다. 본 연구에서는 부분구조 모델을 정의하기 위해 구조물의 대상 부분구조에서 계측한 구조거동치를 필요로 하며, 부분구조 모델은 부분구조 자체의 강성도변수와 경계스프링 계수를 추정하여 설정한다. 정적 및 주파수영역 SI(system identification) 기법들이 부분구조의 제한된 위치에서 측정된 거동치를 사용하여 적용되었다. 정적거동과 동적거동 계측 각각에 대한 시뮬레이션 연구가 수행되었으며, 연구결과 및 문제점들이 검토되었다. 시뮬레이션 연구에서 검증된 절차에 따라 이동트럭과 시공발파에 의한 동적거동 계측치를 사용하여 실제의 다경간 플레이트 거더 게르버교의 부분구조 모델 설정을 수행하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.535-543
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• 2014

비세장형, 둥근 앞전을 가지고 스팬이 1.0m로 축소된 BWB형 UCAV에 대해 완전난류, 천이 모델을 사용하여 전산해석을 수행하였다. 자유류는 받음각 -4도부터 26도까지 50m/s이며, 평균 시위 기준 레이놀즈수는 $1.25{\times}10^6$이다. 멀티블록 6면체 격자와 함께 완전난류 모델과 천이 모델의 결과를 비교하여 천이효과가 공력 특성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 풍동 실험과 비교한 결과 양/항력 계수는 해석범위 내에서 잘 일치하였으며, 피칭 모멘트는 높은 받음각에서 작게 예측됨과 동시에 난류모델에 따라 결과가 크게 달라졌다. 압력분포와 skin friction line, 축 방향 속도장을 이용하여 와류구조의 거동과 천이현상이 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 천이효과를 고려하는 것이 UCAV의 정확한 와류 구조와 공력특성 예측에 필요한 것으로 확인하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제75권4호
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• pp.425-434
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• 2020

Practical non-synoptic fluctuating wind often exhibits nonstationary features and should be modeled as nonstationary random processes. Generally, the coherence function of the fluctuating wind field has time-varying characteristics. Some studies have shown that there is a big difference between the fluctuating wind field of the coherent function model with and without time variability. Therefore, it is of significance to simulate nonstationary fluctuating wind field with time-varying coherent function. However, current studies on the numerical simulation of nonstationary fluctuating wind field with time-varying coherence are very limited, and the proposed approaches are usually based on the traditional spectral representation method with low simulation efficiency. Especially, for the simulation of multi-variable wind field of large span structures such as transmission tower-line, not only the simulation is inefficient but also the matrix decomposition may have singularity problem. In this paper, it is proposed to conduct the numerical simulation of nonstationary fluctuating wind field in one-spatial dimension with time-varying coherence based on the wavenumber-frequency spectrum. The simulated multivariable nonstationary wind field with time-varying coherence is transformed into one-dimensional nonstationary random waves in the simulated spatial domain, and the simulation by wavenumber frequency spectrum is derived. So, the proposed simulation method can avoid the complicated Cholesky decomposition. Then, the proper orthogonal decomposition is employed to decompose the time-space dependent evolutionary power spectral density and the Fourier transform of time-varying coherent function, simultaneously, so that the two-dimensional Fast Fourier transform can be applied to further improve the simulation efficiency. Finally, the proposed method is applied to simulate the longitudinal nonstationary fluctuating wind velocity field along the transmission line to illustrate its performances.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제24권8A호
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• pp.1218-1226
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• 1999

BCJR 알고리즘을 바탕으로 한 슬라이딩 윈도우 BCJR 알고리즘은 Turbo code의 복호시 격자 종결이 필요 없으며 적은 메모리를 사용한다는 장점이 있지만, BCJR 알고리즘보다 더 많은 계산량을 필요로 하며 적합한 윈도우 길이에 대한 연구 결과가 없다는 단점이 있다. 이 논문에서는 슬라이딩 윈도우 BCJR 알고리즘의 장점을 유지하면서 계산량을 줄이고 그 성능을 개선시킬 수 있는 효율적인 슬라이딩 윈도우 BCJR 알고리즘을 제안한다. 먼저 적합한 윈도우 길이를 선택하기 위한 지침을 제시하고 윈도우의 이동폭과 길이를 적절히 선택하면 기존의 슬라이딩 윈도우 방식보다 계산량을 줄이면서 성능은 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 구속장 길이가 3인 부호화기에서 BER이 10-4일 때, 제안한 알고리즘을 사용하면 기존의 슬라이딩 윈도우 방식보다 더 적은 계산량으로 0.1dB 정도의 이득을 얻을 수 있다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.157-169
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• 2016

The structural integrity of tube bundles represents a major concern when dealing with high risk industries, such as nuclear steam generators, where the rupture of a tube or tubes will lead to the undesired mixing of the primary and secondary fluids. Flow-induced vibration is one of the major concerns that could compromise the structural integrity. The vibration is caused by fluid flow excitation. While there are several excitation mechanisms that could contribute to these vibrations, fluidelastic instability is generally regarded as the most severe. When this mechanism prevails, it could cause serious damage to tube arrays in a very short period of time. The tubes are therefore stiffened by means of supports to avoid these vibrations. To accommodate the thermal expansion of the tube, as well as to facilitate the installation of these tube bundles, clearances are allowed between the tubes and their supports. Progressive tube wear and chemical cleaning gradually increases the clearances between the tubes and their supports, which can lead to more frequent and severe tube/support impact and rubbing. These increased impacts can lead to tube damage due to fatigue and/or wear at the support locations. This paper presents simulations of a loosely supported multi-span U-bend tube subjected to turbulence and fluidelastic instability forces. The mathematical model for the loosely-supported tubes and the fluidelastic instability model is presented. The model is then utilized to simulate the nonlinear response of a U-bend tube with flat bar supports subjected to cross-flow. The effect of the support clearance as well as the support offset are investigated. Special attention is given to the tube/support interaction parameters that affect wear, such as impact and normal work rate.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.71-88
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• 2018

At the University of Western Ontario (UWO), numerical tools represented in semi-closed form solution for the conductors and finite element modeling of the lattice tower were developed and utilized significantly to assess the behavior of transmission lines under downburst wind fields. Although these tools were validated against other finite element analyses, it is essential to validate the findings of those tools using experimental data. This paper reports the first aeroelastic test for a multi-span transmission line under simulated downburst. The test has been conducted at the three-dimensional wind testing facility, the WindEEE dome, located at the UWO. The experiment considers various downburst locations with respect to the transmission line system. Responses obtained from the experiment are analyzed in the current study to identify the critical downburst locations causing maximum internal forces in the structure (i.e., potential failure modes), which are compared with the failure modes obtained from the numerical tools. In addition, a quantitative comparison between the measured critical responses obtained from the experiment with critical responses obtained from the numerical tools is also conducted. The study shows a very good agreement between the critical configurations of the downburst obtained from the experiment compared to those predicted previously by different numerical studies. In addition, the structural responses obtained from the experiment and those obtained from the numerical tools are in a good agreement where a maximum difference of 16% is found for the mean responses and 25% for the peak responses.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.45-57
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• 1993

재래식(在來式) 구조해석기법(構造解析技法)으로 연속(連續)보를 해석(解析)할 때 다경간(多徑間)일수록 그 복잡성이 가중(加重)된다. 처짐각법(角法)이나 모멘트분배법(分配法) 마저도 그 실용성(實用性)이 제한적(制限的)이 된다. 본(本) 연구(硏究)에서는 사경간(四徑間)까지의 연속보에서 지점(支點) 모멘트를 구하는데, 더 개선(改善)된 정해법(正解法)을 개발하였고, 또한 모든 다경간(多徑間)의 연속(連續)보의 해석에 적용되는 전혀 새로운 근사해법(近似解法)을 제시하고 있다. 이 근사해법은 적용(適用)이 아주 간편하고 정확도(正確度)가 아주 높아서 거의 정해(正解)에 가까운 결과(結果)를 보여준다. 이들 해법(解法)은 특히 연속(連續)보의 영향선(影響線)의 작도(作圖)에 아주 편리하게 이용할 수 있으며, 지금까지 주로 많이 사용하는 Muller-Breslau의 원리(原理)와 비교할 때 월등하게 용이(容易)하다는 장점(長點)을 지니고 있다.