• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 1997

We collected 3,237 plant samples, mainly leaves of various trees, from many provinces in Korea and a total of 1,925 Bacillus thuringiensis isolates were obtained and characterized. The isolates were characterized in terms of crystal morphology, PAGE pattern of the toxin proteins, plasmids pattern, biochemical characteristics, and bioassay. The microscopic observation showed that 49.1% of the isolates have bipyramidal shape crystals, 7.1% of spherical shape crystals, 1.4% of rhomboidal shape crystals, and others have small or amorphous inclusions. The insecticidal activities of the spore-crystal mixtures of isolates were tested against Plutella xylostella, Bombyx mori, Culex pipiens, and Agelastica coerulea. Bioassay showed that 51.3% of the isolates were shown to be active; lepidopteran-specific (44.8%), dipteran-specific(4.9%) and coleopteran-specific (1.6%). The remainder(48.8%) did not show any activity against the insects we tested. Interestingly though, some of these non-active isolates were shown to have bipyramidal crystals. By serotyping 22 isolates of our collection, we found that there are various kind of subspecies such as aizawai, amagiens, canadensis, darmstadiensis, galleriae, finitimus, kurstaki, morrisoni and neoleonensis, and three isolates have been classified into a new serotype, H49, and one of them, the type strain, named subsp. muju. From this study it was found that phylloplane is a good source for the isolation of Bacillius thuringiensis, and Bacillus thuringiensis is distributed widely in Korea.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2006

Ticks cause economic losses to the deer industry by decreasing the growth and production of the farmed animals. The mediation of ticks affects humans and animals by causing contagious disease both directly and indirectly. Blood from farmed deer from the areas near Jangsu branch was collected for screening of infectious protozoa and rickettsial disease. Seventy deer blood samples were collected from 30 different deer farms located in Jinan, Jangsu and Muju. This blood samples were used for blood slide smear examination and hematological analysis. DNA from these samples was extracted and was used for PCR analysis for detection of gene fragments of Theileria spp, Babesia spp, Anaplasma spp and Ehrlichia spp. In the blood slide smear examination and PCR analysis all samples did not show presence of protozoal and rickettsial diseases. Eight blood samples showed anemia, 1 sample showed iron deficiency and 7 samples showed regenerative anemia. Results for PCR analysis showed 2 samples were positive for T orientalis. All DNA samples were negative for Babesia spp, Anaplasma spp, and Ehrlichia spp.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.153-167
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• 2009

Riparian vegetation gives basic habitats for animal and other biological organisms. It is one of essential landscapes in river ecosystem. This floral study was conducted to give basic information for management of the Geum river ecosystem. We discovered total 69 plant communities out of 40 sites studied and mean 8 plant communities were analysed per study site. Salix koreensis and Salix subfragilis community were dominant of all communities at tree layer and Salix gracilistyla and Rubus parvifolius were dominant communities at shrub layer. Phalaris arundinacea, Phragmites japonica, Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Artemisia princeps var. orientalis appeared most as perennial grasses and Humulus japonicus, Persicaria thunbergii and Persicaria hydropiper appeared most as annual grasses. Robinia pseudoacacia, Amorpha fruticosa and Bidens frondosa were frequently present as exotic species. Grass communities were higher than tree communities because of human disturbance by artificial banks. The number of species was 182 appeared as 53 families 144 species, 34 varieties and 4 forma and mean species number was 25.5 per site. The most abundant site was Yanggang bridge site (14 vegetation association, 49 species) and the least abundant site was Namdaechon, Muju site (3 vegetation association, 12 species). We suggest that continuous riparian vegetation monitoring should be carried out to manage water environment ecologically.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 1998

We study the ski wear which are compared at the materials and the designes and their human physiological and phychological response during exercise in a cold and air-conditioned enviroments. Five men exercises in the experiment room with four types of ski-wears : two of one-piece and two of two-piece : two of special material and two of a normal material, respectively. We keep the environment at $-5^{\circ}C$ and speed of 3.6 mile/hr during the measurement of 13 points, which is a mean model of the Muju ski-resort at January 1996. We conclude the followings : 1. The ski-wear with special materials have higher than the normal type at mean skin temperature and rectal temperature. 2. Changes of temperature withing the clothes during the exercise is small, but the humidity within the clothes abruptly increases because of the weight loss. 3. Type A ski-wear with the special material has $295.5g/m^2hr$ weight loss, which is higher, and type D ski-wear is smaller 4. The special material shows comfortable in the thermal sensation. 5. In the design aspect of the ski-wears, the two-piece type ski-wear shows higher skin temperature and temperature & humidity within the clothes than the one-piece type due to the effect of the multiplicity.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.514-519
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to show the method of applying snow thermal storage system through the analysis of the cases in Japan. The results were as follows. (1) The systems in Japan were installed at the location whose annual mean air temperature was $14.6^{\circ}C$ or below and annual snowfall was 59 cm or above. (2) By analyzing the characteristics of the systems, meltwater circulation system with a backup chiller was confirmed to be most suitable for Korea. (3) For the first time in Korea, the system with the snow storage of 500 ton was designed at Muju after analyzing regional climate characteristics.

• 암석학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.186-200
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• 1995

구상구조를 보이는무주 구상편마암은 전북 무주군 왕정리일대에 분포하는 정편마암인 함전기석 복운모 화강편마암내에 배태되어 있다. 구상구조는 구상편마암의 기원암인 화강암내에 포획된 이질암이 변성분화작용을 받아 생성된 것으로 사료된다. 구상편마암은 각의 발달이 없는 초생암구로 구성된 TypeI의 암구와 각의 발딜이 있는 TypeII로 구분이 가능하다. TypeII는 단각암구와 다각암구 그리고 핵의 구조에 따라 다양한 형태로 나눌수 이TEk. 구성암은 내핵, 외학, 각, 그리고 기질부로 구성된다. 핵의 장경은 보통 5cm 내지 8cm이며 구형 또는 타원형의 행태로 암구으 중심부를 이루고 있다. 핵의 화학성분은 $Al_2O_3$, total $Fe_2O_3$, MgO, $K_2O$ LREE가 풍부하고 반대로 $Na_2O$, CaO, HREE가 결정된 것이 특징이며, 핵을 주로 구성하는 변성광물은 근청석-규선석-흑운모-올리고클레이스이다. 각은 운모류의 우혹질 각과 장석류의 우백질 각으로 구분되며 수mm내지 수cm의 두께를 이루며 단일각 내지 다각구조를 이루고 있다. 이들은 핵에 비하여 $Na_2O$, CaO가 상대적으로 부화되고 있으며 기질부를 이루는 화강편마암의 조성과 유사하다. 기지루는 반상변정질로 되어 있고 장석 반상변정의 크기는 대략 2내지 3 mm의 크기로 구성되어 있으며 부수적으로 운모류와 소량의 전기석과 규선석이 존재한다. 또한 후기에 유입된 많은 유체들에 의한 후퇴변성작용의 영향으로 장석은 견운모화내지 전기석화되고, 근청석은 피나이트화 되었다.

• 한국농촌간호학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to determine the extent of Clonorchis sinensis infections as well as other parasitic infections and to determine the growth rate. Method: Analyzed test results were from 1,050 bowel samples taken at 3 public health subcenters located in Muju, North Jeolla Province during February and March 2007. Result: The results are summarized as follows; The egg positive rate by stool examination was 4.3%. Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Clonorchis sinensis, Trichuris trichiura, Metagonimus, Paragonimus were detected. No one was infected with multiple parasites. Infection rate for Clonorchis sinensis was 3.5%. Statistical correlation to Clonorchis sinensis infection rate was as follows; Gender (p=0.001), Age (p=0.005), Proximity to a river (p<0.000), Drinking (p<0.000), Smoking (p=0.009), Cooking of freshwater fish (p<0.000), Confidence in subjective health status (p=0.032), Family history of infection (p=0.005), No significant correlation was found between Clonorchis sinensis infection rate and duration of stay (p=0.809) in the agricultural communities or between Clonorchis sinensis infection and knowledge of Clonorchis sinensis (p=0.113). Conclusion: The results of this survey show that there is a need to develop a program to test the condition of Clonorchis Sinensis infection and its growth rate in residents of rural communities.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.358-368
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• 2006

This study was conducted with 262 middle school student(118 boys, 144 girls) to examine their satisfaction, meal preference and improvement of school lunch program(SLP) in Jeonju area. Major plate waste ranked high in soup, fishes, vegetables, Kimch and rice. The overall reason for plate waste were listed as being tasteless and disliking food except for rice. In the case of rice, it because of too big portion size. On the satisfaction with SLP, the lowest satisfaction category was waiting time for meal. The changes after taking part in SLP of students ranked in having a regular meal time(31.4%), lessening to eat snack except for regular meals(18%) and correcting habit about picking favorite food(15.2%), in order. The improvement on SLP of students were listed as more appetite food, various side-dishes, squaring of the western and eastern food and so on. To improve the satisfaction SLP and provide a high quality service, it should be needed to make proper dining space, increase the frequency of survey on complaints and taste of students and reflect the menu plan.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.254-257
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• 2000

Water quality monitoring network was established at the agricultural watershed located at the Namdae-chon watershed of Seolchon-myon, Muju-gun, Chollabuk-do, Korea which is 22,560 ha in size. Based on total amount of stream flow loads of nitrogen and phosphorus from the agricultural watershed were estimated. About 4.48 (1,011 ha), 7.02 (1,585 ha), and 86.82% (19,609 ha) of the site were used for paddy fields, upland fields, and forests, respectively. During the period of 6 months from May 1 to October 31, 1999, the total amounts of precipitation and stream flow were 993.2 mm and $148,533,000m^3$ respectively. The loads of agricultural non-point sources accrued by land use were 83,526 kg, 24,508 kg, 49,705 kg, and 215 kg for total-N, ammonia-N, nitrate-N, and total-P, respectively. Results showed that 23.4 and 0.1 % of the applied nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, respectively, were estimated to load into the streams as agricultural non-point sources.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.265-273
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• 1999

Elderly Koreans living in Muju Gun, Jeonbuk were divided into two groups with ages(65~74 years old group & over 75 years old group) and surveyed with questionnaire to investigate their dietary status and those factors affected with ages. The score of food habit in both sexes showed a falling tendency as their ages increased. Compared with elderly men, elderly women showed lower quality of diet. Elderly Korean were more consumed cereals and green vegetables than milk, egg, meat & fish, seaweed and fats & oils. As education level increased, the food habit score showed a rising tendency. The correlation coefficient between the score of food habit and education level was positive in illiterate and school graduates. The score of food habit of living together with their family was higher than those of living alone or living with their spouse. As household income increased, the food habit score showed a rising tendency. In the case of self consciousness of socioeconomic status was middle, food habit score is higher than those of very low. Dental status of eldery people did not affect food habit score. Palatability showed no significant correlation with age. Elderly Koreans prefered sweet taste than salty, sour, and bitter taste.