• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.335-336
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• 2003

대부분의 어류는 풍부한 수량과 용존산소를 가지는 환경에서 아가미를 이용하여 수중호흡을 수행하고 있다. 그러나 일부 어류는 가뭄이나 일시적인 수량의 감소로 인하여 용존산소가 결핍된 환경에서 서식하고 있을 뿐 아니라 특히 Mudskipper로 알려진 말뚝망둑어 Periphthalmus modestus와 큰볏말뚝망둑어 P. magnuspinnatus 등은 낮동안에 물 속에서 육상의 갯벌로 나와 활동하는 독특한 이중생활(Amphibious life)을 보이고 있다. (중략)

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.403-410
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• 2011

Scartelaos gigas is an amphibious mudskipper species that inhabits mud flats in Korea, China, and Taiwan. This fish is at risk of extinction because of its very restricted habitat and overexploitation. Information about this fish's reproductive characteristics is needed for species conservation. The sexual maturity and early life history of S. gigas were investigated through histological methods and direct observation of eggs in the wild, respectively. In total, 560 individuals of S. gigas were collected with the aid of fishermen from March 2003 to October 2003 at Jung-do Island, southwest Korea. Through microscopic observations of gonadal development, it was determined that S. gigas of both sexes were immature in April, but began to reach maturity in May, and were then fully mature by June, which was maintained until July. In August, some female fish developed early oocytes, but by September oocytes were observed to have degenerated and had been absorbed. Spawned eggs were elliptical and had an average size of 1.37 mm (long axis) by 0.69 mm (short axis). The newly hatched larvae (3.03 mm total length, TL) had an open mouth and anus, two melanophores near the anus, and one large melanophore between the 18th and 19th myomeres. The larvae (3.18 mm TL) showed absorption of the yolk and oil globule within 5 days after hatching and became prelarvae. This species should be considered vulnerable or conservation-dependent, and thus parental fish need to be protected from fishermen during the main spawning season (June).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.483-484
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• 2000

Mudskipper로 알려진 망둑어과 어류인 말뚝망둑어 Periophthalmus modestus는 구나 기수역의 갯벌바닥에 서식하면서 간조시에는 물 밖으로 나와 육상의 갯벌을 뛰어다니거나 또는 추운 계절에는 갯벌에 굴을 파서 생활하는 amphibious habit를 갖고 있다. 말뚝망둑어와 비슷한 서식환경을 가지는 드렁허리 Monoterus albus와 Amphinous는 용존산소를 이용한 수중호흡 이외에 피부를 이용한 공기호흡(cutaneous respiration)을 병행하는 dual respiration system을 갖는 것으로 알려져 있으며 (Liem, 1967; Mittal and Munshi, 1971) 또한 쉽게 건조가 되는 연못, 농수로 또는 진흙바탕에 서식하는 Misgurnus fossilis(Jakuboski, 1958), M. anguillicauda (Park and Kim, 1999)에서도 피부를 이용한 공기호흡이 알려져 있다. 그러나 이러한 어류들의 피부구조는 말뚝망둑어 피부와 많은 차이점을 보여 주고 있는 본 조사는 말뚝망둑어의 피부의 특징을 조사하고 및 이들의 호흡체계에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자 한다. (중략)

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.209-217
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• 2003

The composition of muscle proteins and free amino acids in the mudskipper (hibernant fish) were investigated before and after hibernation (maturity period: August, hibernation period: November thru. April). It was found that crude proteins were 17.6% in August, 17.5% in November and 16.9% in April, while among the muscle proteins, sarcoplasmic proteins were constituted up to 19.2～20.4%, 58.8～61.3% for myofibrilla proteins, 11.2～13.2% for intracellular proteins and 7.5～8.3% for stroma proteins. Composition changes of the muscle proteins were hardly noted until November but during the hibernation(from Nov. to Apr.) the amount of the sarcoplasmic proteins and the myofibrillar proteins decreased pronouncedly. As for the sarcoplasmic proteins, 14 subunits were found and among them, the amount of 30 kDa and 46 kDa subunits were found to increase slightly in April compared with those in November, while the amount of 35 kDa and 65 kDa subunits were decreased slightly. As for the myofibrilla proteins, 13 subunits were found and detectable changes in their composition were not observed until November but in April the amount of myosin heavy chain was increased by 3%, while the amount of actin decreased by 3% when those are compared with the results in November. The composition of amino acids in the muscle proteins was hardly changed during the observation period. But there were considerable changes of composition of free amino acids. Glycine and alanine were found to be the major free amino acids. The most striking feature was the changes in the glycine and arginine content: the former, which is a dominant free amino acid, was increased by two-fold in April compared with that in August and the latter was increased by two-fold in November and by four-fold in April. It was also found that the amount of essential amino acids (i.e., lysine and histidine) and others (alanine, glutamic acid, serine, aspartic acid and valine) increased significantly during the hibernation period.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.316-324
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• 1995

Ecology and life History of the mudskipper, Boieophthaimus pectinirostris were investigated based on the specimens collected from the Korean roasts from 1978 to 1994. The spawning of this species takes place during the period from June to August. Prolarva hatched from egg was 3.3mm in total length, and began to bottom life in TL 16.0mm of 40 days after hatching. The stomach contents were principally diatoms. In the foraging behavior, this species were conducted at the wet soft mud on the upper tidal zones. The burrowing observed in the intertidal mud flat was YL type. B. pectinirostris is restricted to western and southwestern coast of Korea, but their habitats and individuals are being reduced by the result of reclimation to tide land.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.533-538
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• 1998

In order to gain fundamental information on the utilization of lipids as energy source in mud-skipper, muscle lipids and their fatty acid composition were investigated with respect to life cycle-maturation (Aug), before-hibernation (Nov), and after-hibernation (Apr). Crude and neutral lipid were found to decrease from 1.2, 68.3% (Aug) via 0.7, 53.8% (Nov) to 0.4, 42.6% (Apr), respectively, whilst phospholipids and glycolipids increased from 29.5 and 2.2% (Aug) to 52.1 and 5.3% (Apr), respectively. In neutral lipids, TG contents gradually decreased from 53.8% (Aug) via 33.6% (Nov) to 23.1% (Apr), while FFA and sterol contents increased from 13.5 and 14.2% (Aug) to 22.3 and 24.5% (Apr), respectively. In phospholipids, PC content decreased from 61.2% (Aug) to 50.6% (Apr), while changes in PS and PE contents, as a whole, showed the opposite trends. In neutral lipids, the levels of some fatty acids such as 16:0, 16:1, 18:0, 18:1 and 20:5 $({\omega}3)$ were analyzed to be high, with the 20 : 5 being predominant, and the levels of saturated and monoene-acids gradually decreased, while polyene-acids increased in before and after hibernation. In before hibernation, 16:0, 16:1, 18:1 mainly decreased but 18:2, 18:3 $({\omega}3)$ and most of saturated and monoene acids such as 14:0, 14:1, 16:1, 18:0, 18:1 slightly decreased in after hibernation. From these findings, it was suggested that those fatty acids decreased during hibernation were used as a energy source, particularly 16:1 and 18:1 being most preferentially used. In phospholipids, the levels of 16:0, 18:0, 20:5 $({\omega}3)$, 22:5 $({\omega}3)$ and 22:6 $({\omega}3)$ were found to be high. Throughout the life cycle, the levels of monoene-acids in phospholipids stayed constant, whilst those of 18:2, 18:3 $({\omega}3)$ and saturated acids such as 16:0, 18:0 were found to be decreased gradually in before and after hibernation, whereas those for the high degree of polyene-acids such as 20:4 $({\omega}6)$, 20:5 $({\omega}3)$, 22:5 $({\omega}3)$, 22:6 $({\omega}3)$ increased, particularly 20:4 $({\omega}6)$, 20:5 $({\omega}3)$ being most increased.