• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.183-186
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• 2010

To identify Korean red-backed voles (Myodes regulus) from Korea by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing, we obtained mtDNA control region sequences of 17 red-backed voles from Korea and northeast China, and these sequences were compared with the corresponding haplotypes of Myodes obtained from GenBank. We identified five red-backed voles from Mt. Changbai and Harbin as M. rufocanus and another three redbacked voles from Harbin as M. rutilus, respectively. Moreover, nine red-backed voles from Korea, showing the average nucleotide distance of 0.66% among nine haplotypes, were different from other species of Myodes, and the average distance between nine haplotypes of red-backed voles from Korea and seven haplotypes of M. rufocanus was 6.41%, whereas the average distance between nine haplotypes of red-backed voles from Korea and five haplotypes of M. rutilus was 14.8%. We identified the red-backed voles from Korea as M. regulus, and found that M. regulus is distinct in its mtDNA control region sequences as well, although we propose further analyses with additional specimens from East Asia using nuclear and mtDNA markers to confirm the distinctness of M. regulus.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.527-540
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• 2011

The investigation was made about distribution and ecological characteristics of Rhododendron mucronulatum var. mucronulatum, R. dauricum and R. schlippenbachii on Mt. Changbai in China. The Ericaceae plants are known to be highly ornamental and easy to cultivate. The results of investigations are like followings. The plant species diversity was the highest in habitats of R. mucronulatum var. mucronulatum, followed by those of R. schlippenbachii and R. dauricum. R. mucronulatum var. mucronulatum community was found in the northwest exposure areas of 300m in altitude. Corylus heterophylla, Carex humilis var. nana, Atractylodes japonica species also grew in the R. mucronulatum var. mucronulatum community. R. dauricum communities were widely distributed in the west exposure areas of 1226-1860m above sea level. R. schlippenbachii populations were found in areas of under 300m above sea level, which has dry soil. But humidity of air was relatively high in the place. Artemisia japonica, Lespedeza bicolor and Dactylis glomerata were found around the habitats of R. schlippenbachii. Phalanx type of plants were dominant near the habitats of Ericaceae plants as 61%. Further, there appeared higher plant life totalling to 72 taxa comprising 54 species, 16 varieties and 2 forma with 31 families and 59 genuses at the whole survey area. Among these, Compositae plants excellent in resistance to environment was surveyed the most, accounting for 30.0%.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.169-172
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• 2008

Sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b gene (1,140 bp) and control region (803 bp) of Siberian flying squirrels from Korea (Pteromys volans aluco) and Mt. Changbai of northeast China (P. v. arsenjevi) were obtained to reexamine the taxonomic status of the Korean subspecies. In the cytochrome b gene, six haplotypes of P. v. aluco formed a clade with six haplotypes of P. v. arsenjevi, and in control region, seven haplotypes of P. v. aluco formed a clade with six haplotypes of P. v. arsenjevi. Furthermore, six haplotypes of cytochrome b gene of P. v. aluco from this study formed a clade with four haplotypes of P. v. arsenjevi in far-east Russia obtained from GenBank. We also investigated the research papers previously published that reported the length of tail vertebrae of P. volans, and found that the length was not sufficiently large as to be a key character of P. v. aluco. This result is not consistent with morphological description for its haplotype. Therefore, we conclude that P. v. aluco from Korea might possibly be a synonym of P. v. arsenjevi from northeast China and nearby Russia.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2019

There are beautiful scenery with columnar jointing at 15 valley of southern slope of the Wangtian'e volcano in Mt. Baekdu volcanic field. The compositions of phenocryst minerals which have porphyritic textures in mafic volcanic rocks of this area were carried out. The Wangtian'e volcano consists of Changbai basalt~trachybasalt (lower part) and Wangtian'e basaltic trachyandesite~trachyte~alkali rhyolite (upper part). This study is focused on the mafic rocks of the Changbai trachybsalt and the Wangtian'e basaltic trachyandesite. Main phenocrysts are feldspar, pyroxene and olivine. The major element compositions of the phenocrysts were analyzed using EPMA. Plagioclase phenocrysts of the Wangtian'e basaltic trachyandesite are located at the border of andesine and oligoclase ($An_{24.1{\sim}36.0}$) in the An-Ab-Or diagram, and those of the Changbai trachybasalt are labradorite ($An_{54.2{\sim}65.2}$). Pyroxene phenocrysts are augite. Olivine phenocrysts of the Changbai trachybsalt are crysolite ($Mg_{0.79-0.77}Fe_{0.21-0.23}$) and microphenocrysts in the groundmass are hyalosiderite ($Mg_{0.58-0.56}Fe_{0.42-0.44}$). Calculated crystallization temperature of olivine phenocrysts is $1196{\sim}1123^{\circ}C$, clinopyroxene is $1122{\sim}1112^{\circ}C$, phenocrysts and laths of plagioclases are $1118{\sim}1107^{\circ}C$ and $1091{\sim}1089^{\circ}C$, respectively. The temperatures suggests that the olivine phenocrysts, clinopyroxene, plagioclase phenocrysts, and plagioclase laths were crystallized in the magma chamber in sequence.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.1 s.158
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• pp.6-10
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• 2005

This study was conducted to understand the dynamics of naturally regenerated seedlings and saplings in 28years after selective cutting at natural Korean pine-broadleaved forests in Mt. Changbai. The number of naturally regenerated tree species was 16 species in 28 years after selective cutting. The appearance rate of naturally regenerated tree species was 56 percentage and the early-successional tree species of Acer ukurunduense, Acer mono, Acer pseudosieboldianum, Prunus padus var. pubescens, and Maackia amurensis were found in the first 10 years after selective cutting. The seedlings and saplings of shade-tolerant tree species of Pinus koraiensis, Acer mandshuricum, Ulmus laciniata were appeared and the appearance rate was higher than 75% after 15 years while it showed little changes from 19 years after selective cutting. The distribution density of seedlings and saplings of regenerated tree species in selective cutting area was 5,500~6,100 trees per hectare in the first 10 years, and it increased gradually along with the restoration of disturbed area and it could reach 7,500 trees per hectare after 15 years.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 2000

A hundred wooden foundation piles were found underground during reconstruction for Heungreamun after removing ex-Chosunchongdokbu (ex-Government General of Chosun) building, which was built in 1916, at Kyungbok Palace in Seoul. It is known that larch piles had been collected from the Yaru area near Mt. Baekdu (Changbai). in North Korea. We examined 15 piles for identification of the species and their tree-ring structure. The species is identified as Larix gmelini by microscopic observation. Average diameter of the piles was 27 cm and average age 103 years. We obtained 151 year tree-ring chronology. However, we could not date the exact cutting years because there was no reference chronology yet. When we can obtain chronologies from living trees near the Yaru area, we could make a absolute and longer chronology for studying past history and environments around Mt. Baekdu.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.101 no.3
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• pp.356-364
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• 2012

This study was to estimate the biomass of Mt. Changbai mountain area using the IKONOS imagery and field survey data. Then, we prepared the regression function using the vegetation index derived from the IKONOS and biomass estimated from field measured data of previous studies, respectively. The five vegetation index which used in the regression model was SAVI, NDVI, SR, ARVI, and EVI. As a result, the rank of the R-square from coefficient of correlation was as follow, SAVI(0.84), NDVI(0.73), SR(0.59), ARVI(0.0036), EVI(0.0026). Finally, we estimated the biomass of non-measured area using the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). This study can be used as reference methodology for the estimation of carbon sinks of primary forest.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.541-549
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• 2011

This experiment was held to identify the germination feature of Papaver radicatum var. pseudoradicatum which has high economical value. Seeds were collected in the Mt. Changbai in China. To eliminate dormancy of the seeds, chilling treatment were carried out in the $5^{\circ}C$ refrigerator. 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, 120 days of chilling treatments were taken. After being Treated, seeds were under 15, 20, $25^{\circ}C$ of temperature and light, dark conditions respectively to see the differences in germination. Within many features, germination ratio of seeds and germination period were investigated. Also, features related to early growth were checked through the closer look into acrospire, growth of cotyledon of young plant. Over 30 days of chilling treatment was all effective. Especially, 120 days of chilling treatment was most effective. The seeds germinated well in the light conditions. 120 days of chilling treatment, $15^{\circ}C$, light conditions were found to be most effective conditions as 54.5% of the seeds germinated. The germination period was 4.29 days. 30 days after germinating, length of the aerial part had been 1.90 cm. But after 45 days, the length grew rapidly to 4.58 cm. Fresh weight of scales plant was also increased dramatically after 45 days. Therefore, transporting the plant 45 days after seeding judged to be good.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 2009

Isoniazid was discovered in 1950's and since then it has been widely used as a synthetic bactericidal agent in the treatment of tuberculosis. However, the adverse effect of isoniazid has been reported to show significant hepatotoxicity in approximately 1-2% of patients. Nitrofurantoin {1-(5-nitro-2-furfurylideneamino)-hydantoin} is a synthetic nitrofuran that is commonly used for the treatment and prophylaxis of urinary tract infections, but its use is associated with liver cirrhosis and fatal liver necrosis. Therefore, studies for natural products with protective effect on the isoniazid- and/or nitrofurantoin-induced hepatotoxcity would be valuable as the potential therapeutic use. 107 plants sources were collected at Mt. Baekdu, and extracted with methanol. These extracts had been screened for the protective effects against isoniazid- and/or nitrofurantoin-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells at the both 100 and $300{\mu}g/ml$. Five methanolic extracts, Acanthopanax senticosus, Acer mono, Asparagus schoberioides, Fagopyrum tataricum, Potentilla centigrana, showed significant protective effects against isoniazidinduced hepatotoxicity. Two methanolic extracts, Acer mono and Leonurus artemisia, showed significant protective effects against nitrofurantoin-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.577-612
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• 2016

The distribution of boundary markers, set up during the Yimjin(1712) Boundary Making and Demarcation(YBMD), has less been addressed so far, although it is key material evidence on which we can reconstruct the whole processes of YBMD, together with the correction of widespread myths around YBMD. This paper aims to clarify the questions on the distribution of boundary markers associated with YBMD, built during August 1712 to September 1713, by reinterpreting the key documents of Actual Survey on them: Huh Ryang and Park Dosang(1913), Kim Woosik(1883), Lee Joongha(1885), Wu Luzhen(1907), Osone Seiji(1907), and Liu Jianfeng(1908), together with topographic maps by Japanese Imperial Army(1933), the report of expedition to Mt. Baekdu by Chungjin Teachers' College(1948), and the report of field survey by Jilin province's expedition(1957). As a result, the distribution of boundary markers built in 1712~1713 is successfully reconstructed, and summarized in the format of table and maps.