• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.294-296
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• 2014

Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is defined as a chronic orofacial pain syndrome, without evidence of mucosal lesions and other clinical signs of disease or laboratory abnormalities. Patients with BMS complain of burning pain in the mouth, xerostomia and taste disturbances. It is more common among women and the median age of occurrence is about 60 years. BMS may be primary or secondary to other diseases. The mainstay in the treatment of BMS includes antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and anticonvulsants. A few cases of BMS caused due to medication have been reported. The causative drugs include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, anticoagulants, antipsychotics, antiretrovirals, and benzodiazepines. This is a case report of a patient on antidepressants who developed symptoms of BMS thereby causing a dilemma in management.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2021

Purpose: Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in the oral cavity which is usually diagnosed from clinical findings. A retrospective study was conducted to identify risk factors for oral candidiasis and to characterize the demographic and clinical features of affected patients. Methods: From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, it consisted of 90 oral candidiasis patients diagnosed based on clinical finding and treated with antifungal drugs. As a retrospective study of those people, surveys were conducted on sex, age, systemic disease, a use of dentures, complaints of dry mouth, smoking and alcohol consumption, culture on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, culture on chromogenic agar (CA) medium and a duration of antifungal treatment. Results: Among 90 selected patients, the male and female ratio was 41:49. Overall, female had a higher infection rate than male in all age groups. In this study, oral candidiasis was not clearly susceptible to dry mouth, smoking or drinking, wearing dentures and association with systemic disease. Among 90 patients with oral candidiasis, 83 had colonies formed on PDA medium and 53 had colonies formed on CA medium. The duration of antifungal treatment was highest between 5 and 8 weeks. In addition, there was statistical significance between the culture results in CA medium and the duration of antifungal treatment. Conclusions: Generally, old age or infants, dry mouth, smoking, a use of dentures and endocrine abnormalities are risk factors to increase oral candidiasis; however, in this study, it was mainly found in the elderly aged 60 or older regardless of sex and the incidence of oral candidiasis was not obviously related with patients with dry mouth, smoking or drinking, denture wearers and endocrine abnormalities. Interestingly, when the fungi were cultured in CA medium, the duration of antifungal treatment was increased.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.394-397
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• 2021

Sodium hydroxide or caustic soda is a corrosive agent that can cause extensive damage to the oral mucosa, lips, and tongue when ingested either accidentally or intentionally. These injuries include microstomia, shallow vestibule, ankyloglossia, speech impairment, loss of teeth and impairment in facial expression. In the present article, we report a unique case of tongue adhesion to the mouth floor and its surgical management in a 66-year-old female patient, who had a history of caustic soda ingestion.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.126-134
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to propose an efficient treatment approach for infection with different candida species. Methods: Fifty-three patients who presented with a chief complaint of oral mucosal pain and exhibited positive candida culture findings were divided into two groups (Candida albicans and non-albicans). Pain, mucosal manifestations, salivary flow rates, durations of disease and treatment, and responses to treatment (nystatin and clonazepam) were investigated in both groups. Results: Patients in the C. albicans group exhibited more prominent clinical characteristics (erythematous lesions, tongue coatings, and hyperalgesia) than those in the non-albicans group. In total, 70% of patients in the non-albicans group showed no abnormalities in the oral mucosa. Patients in the C. albicans group showed increased resistance to nystatin treatment compared to those in the non-albicans group, especially with longer disease durations. The patients resistant to nystatin treatment showed positive responses to clonazepam. Conclusions: Patients with oral mucosal pain should be tested for the presence of Candida, even in the absence of mucosal abnormalities, especially those infected with non-albicans species. If no response to antifungal therapy is observed, treatment with clonazepam should be initiated, especially in patients infected with C. albicans.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.138-142
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• 2014

구강 작열감 증후군(Burning mouth syndrom)은 기질적인 질환 없이 구강이 타는 듯한 통증을 호소하는 질환이다. 병인으로는 신경병증, 폐경, 영양불균형 등 여러 요인이 관련되어 있을 것으로 추정되며, 정신의학적으로는 우울증이 가장 잘 동반된다. 진통소염제, 호르몬제, 항전간제 및 항우울제 등이 치료로 시도되었으나 효과는 비특이적이다. 이 증례보고는 폐경 후 여성에서 우울증에 동반된 구강 작열감 증후군에 대한 gabapentin의 효과를 보고한다. 항우울제는 우울증상을 호전시켰지만 구강증상에는 효과가 없었다. Gabapentin을 12주간 하루 300mg 용량으로 추가 투여 후 구강증상은 주관적으로 유의하게 감소되었다. 폐경 후 여성에서 항우울제로 개선되지 않는 구강 작열감 증후군 환자에서 gabapentin의 추가 투여가 효과적일 수 있다.

• 영미문화
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.59-81
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• 2013

Samuel Beckett's literary sympathies with underdogs enslaved to authoritative figures, found in his earliest plays, continued in a more or less subdued form in his later plays: Not I is a good case in point thematizing a social authority psychologically embedded within a subject. The incessant bouts of self-defense, or confessional, which Mouth carries out on a dark stage is directed to an inner authority. In Civilization and Its Discontents (1931), Freud's diagnosis for individuals torn between the opposite calls of a social order-- which he called, by turns, civil society, civilization, and culture--and of individual freedom was a "neurosis." What Not I dramatizes seems to be this state of neurosis suffered by a subject bound to the contradictory calls of an internal social authority, which forces Mouth to carry on a confessional till she obtains a symbolically/linguistically viable social title of "I," and of her individualistic denial of the position("what?..who?..no!.. she!.."). Mouth's ordeal on stage does not signify the psychological pressure of the social system, with its disciplinary measures of guilt, justice, and punishment, triumphs over individualistic irregularities and abnormalities, for her "maddened" confession will never see its closure. The opposite psychological forces at work inside Mouth, who is both "in" and "out[side]" "this world," will keep engaging in an eternal battle. In a way, she is a perfect parable about us humans living within a system, "discontent" and hung between the contradictory calls of individualism and social collectiveness.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 1993

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of tooth brushing, mouth gargling and gum chewing in reducing halitosis, 84 individuals ranging in age from 22 59 28 years old were examined. These individuals had no gross oral abnormalities, other than mild gingival inflammation, dental caries, nasopharyngeal disorder, or systemic diseases that were associated with halitosis. They were divided into a tooth brushing group, a mouth garging group, a gum chewing group and a control group that did not use any halitosis removing method. Each of the groups included 21 persons, B.B. Checker (Tokuyama Soda Col, LTDl, Japan) was used to measure the concentrations of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan of each group. The concentrations of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan were measured before and after lunch, and after removing halitosis by toothe brushing, mouth gargling and gum chewing. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The average concentration of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan before lunch was 1.79ppm and after lunch it was 2.02ppm, an increase of 12.9%. 2. In the tooth brushing group the average concentration of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan was 0.61ppm, in the mouth gargling group it was 1.15ppm, in the gum chewing group it was 1.64ppm and in the control group it was 1.92ppm. It decreased 69.5% in the tooth brushing group, 43.8% in the mouth gargling group, 18.4% in the gum chewing group and 5.4% in the control grop (p<0.05). 3. There were significant differences between the tooth brushing and control group, tooth brushing and gum chewing group and between mouth gargling and control group in concentrations of intraoral volatile methyl mercaptan after using the halitosis removing methods (p<0.05). According to the above results, tooth brushig and mouth gargling are effective ways to reduce halitosis.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2002

러셀-실버 증후군(Russell-Silver syndrome)은 출생시 저신장, 편측성 비대칭과 성기관 발육의 다양성 및 그 외 cafe-aulait 반점, 만지증 등의 특징과 태아기부터 발현되는 성장지연을 보이는 질환이다. 이 신드롬과 관련된 안면 특징은 작고 삼각형의 얼굴과 짧은 안면고경, 구각부가 아래로 쳐진 입모양(shark's mouth) 작은 하악골과 흔히 좌우 비대칭이 있는 것이다. 현재까지 보고되고 있는 러셀-실버 증후군의 주요한 구강내 소견은 높은 구개궁(high-arched palate), 맹출 지연, 왜소치와 총생이다. 현재까지 세계적으로 약 150 증례가 보고되고 있으나 치의학적으로는 극히 드물다. 본 증례는 출생전 성장지연, 저신장, 저체중 등 임상소견을 통해 러셀-실버 증후군으로 진단받았고 성장호르몬 치료를 받았고, 현재 치료 중이다. 이 두 증례를 통해 러셀-실버 증후군의 구강내 특징을 보고하고, 관련 문헌을 고찰해 보고자 한다.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.43-46
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• 2014

뇌성마비로 인하여 협조를 얻기가 어려운 일부 혼합치열기 환자의 심미적, 기능적 개선을 위한 구내 고정성 장치의 사용은 대체로 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 이와 같은 문제를 보이는 환자의 근본적인 원인인 근육 조절의 불균형을 바로잡는 재활훈련과 함께 이동된 위치에서 치열의 안정적인 적응을 위하여 구강주위 근육훈련이 병행되어야 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2012

Congenital syngnathia refers to the fusion of bony tissues, a rare disorder with only 41 cases reported in the international literature from 1936 to 2009. The occurrence of syngnathia without any other associated systemic disease or congenital anomaly is extremely rare. This report presents a case of congenital syngnathia with unilateral maxillomandibular bony adhesion without any other oral or maxillofacial anomaly. No recommended protocol for surgery exists due to the rarity of the disorder. There is a very low survival rate for the few patients who have forgone surgical management. This case describes a 74-year-old female patient who was suffering from limitation of mouth opening and was subsequently diagnosed with congenital syngnathia. The surgical staff performed separation surgery and reconstructed the malformed oral vestibule and cheek using the radial forearm free flap operation.