• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.308-315
• /
• 2019

The objective of this study was to investigate mountain stream water and air temperatures, area, latitude, altitude, and forest coverage in headwater catchments located in Kangwon-do, Mid-eastern Korea from 2015 to 2017. Daily mean value of mountain stream water temperature was approximately $6^{\circ}C$ lower than the daily mean value of air temperature on the monitoring sites during the observation period. Monthly mean value of mountain stream water temperature increased with increasing monthly mean value of air temperature from May to August during the observation period. Seasonal variations of mountain stream water temperature were dependent on air temperature rising and falling periods. Correlation analysis was conducted on mountain stream water temperature to investigate its relationship with air temperature, area, latitude, altitude, and forest coverage of air temperature rising and falling periods. The correlation analysis showed that there exists a relationship (Correlation coefficient: -0.581 ~ 0.825; p<0.05), particularly the air temperature showed highest correlation with mountain stream water temperature. Regression equations could be developed due to contribution of air temperature to affect mountain stream water temperature (Correlation coefficient: 0.742 and 0.825; p<0.01). Therefore, a method using various parameters based on air temperature rising and falling periods, could be recommended for predicting mountain stream water temperature.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.247-255
• /
• 2003

Forest management starts from forest road facility, which is designated as generation source of muddy water in mountain stream during initial stage of establishment. Therefore, this study reviewed the effect of suspended sediment generated in forest road surface on the muddy water in mountain stream with respect to marsh area of forest. As a result, characteristics of outflow of suspended sediment was understood, and it was judged that generation of suspended sediment due to establishment of forest road is diluted by mountain stream this charged from drainage area so as to have small effect on muddy water in total mountain stream.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.680-688
• /
• 2011

This study was performed to find out the distribution aspect of benthic macroinvertebrates according to altitude in a mountain stream (a main stream: Buk stream, a tributary: Hangye stream) of Seoraksan. The survey was conducted from August to November in 2010. All survey sites were very sound because the mountain was being maintained as a protection area of the national park. Water quality and the composition of substrata were similar in all sites. Benthic macroinvertebrates of 3 phyla, 4 classes, 9 orders and 84 species occurred in the stream. Along with the decline of altitude, shredders of the functional feeding groups (FFGs) decreased, while collector filterers increased. In particular, collector filterers increased sharply at the altitude of 600 ~ 500 m (S.E.L.). Benthic macroinvertebrates showed low similarity between the uppermost site and the lower sites. Altitude appeared to be a significant factor that influence the structure and distribution of benthic macroinvertebrate community.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.111-115
• /
• 2010

To study the relationship between the concentrations of nitrogen in mountain streams, and anthropologic and natural factors, the water chemistry of the mountain streams in the entire Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, were investigated. A thousand mountain streams were investigated between 1998 and 2001. The concentrations of nitrate nitrogen ranged from 2.92 to 0.1 mg/L, with an arithmetic mean value of 0.45 mg/L. A number of streams showing more than 1.0 mg/L of nitrate nitrogen accounted for 8% of the mountain streams investigated. These results indicated that the concentrations of nitrate nitrogen in the mountain streams were low in the entire Hyogo Prefecture. In general, the mountain stream water in Hyogo Prefecture appears to not have been affected by wet and dry deposition originating from anthropologic sources in mountain streams and Japan. On the other hand, sites with more than 0.8 mg/L nitrate nitrogen were distributed over the entire Hyogo Prefecture, which were classified into five groups. Each group showed unique geographical, geological and anthropological characteristics. No common characteristic among five groups were discover. These results suggest that the cause of high concentrations of nitrogen in mountain streams is not from a uniform set of conditions.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.143-160
• /
• 2012

The community of periphyton was studied at high altitude streams of the Han-river System, including Buk-stream and Hangae-stream from October to November 2010. The study had special emphasis on the distribution of the cryophilic and mountain periphyton. In this research, 117 taxa of periphyton appeared and 80 taxa of diatom were included within these periphytons. Saproxenous taxa, such as Achnanthes convergens and Hannaea arcus var. subarcus were appeared in most sites, 7 sites were dominant by filamentous taxa in green and blue green algae. The DAIpo value was from 48.8 to 92.5 for the water system of this research. Most sites showed a good water quality, receiving a B class or above except the Woljeong-stream and the Daeki-stream. Cryophilic and mountain periphyton appeared 9 taxa which composed by diatoms Cymbella affinis, Cymbella tumida, Diatoma mesodon, Diatoma vulgare, Eunotia pectinalis, Hannaea arcus, Hannaea arcus var. subarcus and Synedra inaequalis and green algae Ulothrix zonata. Among these taxa, Hannaea arcus var. subarcus, found in 29 out of 33 sites, had the highest frequency of apperance. The relative frequency of Hannaea arcus var. subarcus was positively correlated with altitude($r^2$=0.539) and negatively correlated with water temperature($r^2$=0.338). As a result, Hannaea arcus var. subarcus showed the characteristics of cryophilic and mountain periphyton in the research site.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.288-301
• /
• 2023

This study aims to identify benthic macroinvertebrate fauna inhabiting at the mountain valley stream (Mt. Cheonggye) in Korea and the relationship between physical environmental factors and biological indices. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected at five locations on August 24 and October 14, 2020, and were identified as 4 phyla, 7 classes, 16 orders, 42 families, and 72 species. Dominance ranged from 0.38 to 0.59, diversity 2.81 to 3.75, richness 3.25 to 4.63, evenness 0.65 to 0.84, and %EPT (Ephemeroptera-PlecopteraTrichoptera) richness value 42% to 73%, respectively. All sites were evaluated as a very good status by mostly biological indices based on tolerance of indicator organisms in Korea. As a result of principal component analysis, biological indices are classified into species-level indices and higher cartegory-level indices according to the taxonomic level of the indicator organism considered in each index. As a result of canonical correspondence analysis, it was confirmed that current velocity was a major factor that increased species richness and classified biological indices according to taxonomic category level. Water depth was a major factor related to the community indices, and the deeper the water depth, the lower the diversity and the evenness.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2002년도 학술발표회 논문집(I)
• /
• pp.329-334
• /
• 2002

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제103권2호
• /
• pp.240-247
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 황폐계류 복원지의 식생변화에 대한 시계열 분석을 통하여 복원기법 및 효과에 대해 고찰하고자 수행 되었으며, 수질정화습지와 월류보, 수생식물 복원지에서 복원 전, 후 식생변화를 2년간 모니터링 하였다. 복원 1년 후 월류보에서 초본류 증가와 수질정화습지에서 줄풀의 피복도 증가가 조사되었다. 식생 피복률은 복원직후 10~30% 감소되었고, 복원 1년 후 복원 전 수준으로 조사 되었다. 황폐계류 복원지의 식생변화는 복원 후 1년 경과시점부터 서식종수, 귀화률, 피복률이 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.644-653
• /
• 2018

최근 기후변화로 인한 집중호우, 태풍 등의 영향으로 산사태가 빈번히 발생하고 있다. 산사태를 예방할 수 있는 효율적인 방법은 사방사업이다. 이러한 사방사업의 효율성을 높이기 위해서는 산지에서 유출되는 토사량에 대한 정량적 측정이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 산지계류에 Load-cell 센서를 설치하고, 분동테스트를 통하여 계류에서의 적용성과 재하 형태에 따른 출력값을 비교하였다. 개별 및 복합 하중시험을 실시한 결과, Site 1에서 평균 0.4kgf, Site 2에서 평균 0.6kgf 차이로 재하 형태의 영향은 낮게 나타났다. 또한 측정값의 정확도를 높이기 위해 하중계수를 산정하였다. 하중계수를 Load-cell 측정 값에 적용하여 보정한 결과, 두 사이트에서 출력율이 각각 14.8%p, 24.6%p 상승하여 기준값에 근사하게 산정되었다. Load-cell 센서는 수위, 강우 등과 함께 시계열 분석을 통하여 산지 토사유출량을 정량적으로 산정할 수 있었다. 모니터링이 장기간 이루어진다면 산림유역에 대한 토사유출 매커니즘 구명에도 활용할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 Load-cell과 같은 센서를 산지 계곡에 적용함으로써 계측센서 등 관련분야 산업 발전에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.147-158
• /
• 2011

This study analyzed the linkage characteristics between road runoff and the nearest streams in mountain regions using a discriminant analysis. The road-to-stream linkage is an important characteristic to evaluate whether the contaminant on road surface is transported directly into the nearby channel system. This study evaluated a total of 51 drainage outlets of mountain roads near the Soyanggang Dam. The linkage between road and stream, slope and width of road, and other information necessary for the discriminant analysis have been collected by in situ investigation and by analyzing the Digital Elevation Model. Finally, as independent variables in the discriminant analysis, the contributing road representing the road characteristics (similar to the runoff from the road drainage outlet) and the distance and slope of the connecting channel between road and nearest stream were selected. Among these three, the distance was found to have the highest discriminant power, the contributing road the lowest. Using the discriminant function derived, 40 out of 51 cases (78.4%) were correctly discriminated and the remaining 11 cases (21.6%) were wrongly discriminated. Reasons of wrongly discriminated cases were mainly due to change in drainage outlet direction, excessive runoff, change in road-to-stream path, etc. This result also indicates that the road-to-stream linkage can be introduced or prohibited by exactly the same way.