• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.616-624
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 노인 운수사고 입원 환자의 운수사고 유형과 사망 사이의 연관성을 분석하여, 노인 운수사고 입원 및 사망 환자를 줄이기 위한 운수사고 유형에 따른 체계적이고 효과적인 정책 개발 및 수립에 기여하기 위함이다. 본 연구의 방법은 2013-2017년의 질병관리본부 퇴원손상심층조사 데이터세트 중 운수사고를 입은 노인 입원환자를 추출하여 기술통계분석, 카이제곱검정과 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 인구사회학적, 의료기관, 의료이용 특성을 보정한 상태에서 분석한 결과 운수사고로 인한 노인의 입원 사망은 승용차 사고에 비하여 보행자 사고(OR : 2.522 95% CI 1.291-4.927), 자전거/카트 사고(OR : 2.809 95% CI 1.328-5.942), 오토바이 사고(OR : 2.330 95% CI 1.126-4.819)로 인한 사망이 각각 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 이와 같이 노인의 경우 승용차 사고로 인한 사망에 비하여 다른 유형의 운수사고로 인한 사망의 위험이 높지만, 우리나라 노인의 운수사고 관련 정책은 승용차 사고에 집중되어 있다. 따라서 증가하는 노인 집단의 운수사고 사망자를 줄이기 위하여 노인 집단의 운수사고 유형별 특성에 따른 효과적인 정책적 고려가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2010

Introduction : Head trauma is the main cause of death in aircraft crash. In a Michigan study of structurally survivable, fatal accidents, 80% of the fatally injured had received head trauma. We tried to develop a new helmet for passengers, and perform its efficiency test. Methods : An aircraft helmet requires an excellent protection against head trauma, lightness, and small volumes. In addition, it must be wearable, fire resistant, and non toxic when it is burning. We developed two new helmets made from silicone foam which met all theses requirements. One was thin (2.5cm), and the other was thick (6.3cm). These looked like a motorcycle helmet and had only a soft silicone as liner material without an outer hard shell. Therefore we can carry them easily inside aircrafts. The standard test for helmet is Snell's drop test. It measures the impact acceleration of head shaped metal wearing helmet during we drop it at certain heights. Impact sites were total 5 sites (front, back, right, left and top) for each helmet. All these sites were impacted twice. Results : The thickness of impact sites varied from 2.5cm to 6.3cm. The impact acceleration of 2.5cm thickness site when it was dropped from 1.0 meter was 379g. But, that of 6.3cm thickness site when it was dropped from 1.5 meter was only 163g. Unfortunately, both helmets didn't meet the Snell Standard for motorcycle helmets. Discussion : If we add suitable outer hard shell, and change its thickness and design, the efficiency will be increased. A study indicated that helmet could reduce the risk of head trauma up to 85%. We made helmet for passengers in aircraft crash for the first time. If we improve its weak points, it will decrease the frequency of head trauma in aircraft craft.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2005

Background: Blunt thoracic trauma in children has a high morbidity and mortality. In this study, we assessed the significance of the injury pattern, mechanism and initial status in emergency department on severity and prognosis in pediatric blunt thoracic trauma patients. Method: We retrospectively reviewed medical records and chest X-ray and CT images of 111 pediatric blunt thoracic trauma patients from October 2000 to June 2005. Data recorded age, gender, season, injury mechanism, injury pattern, associated injury, length of hospital stay and cause of death. Result: Of all 111 patients, 68 patients were injured by motor vehicle accidents, 30 were falls, 5 were motorcycle accidents, 3 were sports accidents and 5 were miscellaneous. In thoracic trauma, single injury of lung contusion were 35 patients and 32 patients had multiple thoracic injuries. Hospital stay in school age group were longer than preschool age group. The causes of death were brain injury in 9, respiratory distress in 4, and hypovolemic shock in 2 patients. Emergently transfused and mechanically ventilated patients had higher mortality rates than other patients. Patients required emergency operation and patients with multiple thoracic injuries had higher mortality rates. Conclusion: In this study, patients with combined injury, emergency transfusion, mechanical ventilation, emergency operation, multiple injuries in chest X-ray had higher mortality rates. Therefore in these pediatric blunt thoracic trauma patients, accurate initial diagnosis and proper management is required.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2010

Purpose: All-terrain vehicle (ATV)-related injuries have increased since the introduction of ATVs to Korea. The purpose of this study is to compare patients with ATV-related injuries (PATV) to patients with motorcycle (MC)-related injuries (PMC). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of PATV and PMC who visited an emergency center in 2008. The cases of PMC were 164, and those of PATV were 52. Results: While PMC are seen evenly in the first half year and the second half year, PATV are seen mainly the first half year (from March to June: 73%). For PMC the most frequent injury mechanism was collision with another vehicle, while for PATV, it was side overturn/roll over. The injury severity score (ISS), the revised trauma score (RTS), the trauma score and the injury severity score (TRISS) were $5.6{\pm}5.6$, $7.7{\pm}0.7$, $5.0{\pm}2.1$ for PMC and $7.1{\pm}7.5$, $7.7{\pm}1.1$, $5.5{\pm}1.5$ for PATV, respectively. The most common injury sites were the lower extremities for PMC and the face for PATV. The rates of admission, surgery and the length of hospital stay were similar between PMC and PATV. Conclusion: This study shows that the risk of ATV accidents is similar to that of MC accidents. We recommend that the same safety standards and regulations that are applied to MCs should be used for ATVs. Safe and enjoyable paths have to be sought for drivers of ATVs.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2019

Purpose: No previous study has assessed elderly pedestrian traffic accidents based on a nationwide database. This study aimed to help primary physicians who examine patients in emergency departments to determine and make prompt and accurate treatment decisions. Methods: This study used data from the Emergency Department-based Injury Indepth Surveillance from 2013 to 2017, managed by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pedestrians aged ${\geq}65years$ were included, and using multivariate logistic regression multiple factors were analyzed to determine their relationship with injury severity. Results: Of 227,695 subjects, 6,498 were included, of whom 2,065 (31.8%) were severely injured. There were more female than male patients in all severity groups. Most accidents occurred in the afternoon and on general roads. In the multivariate analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of injury severity for male pedestrians was 1.165 (95% confidence interval: 1.034-1.313, p=0.012). Older age of patients and the use of ambulances were associated with greater injury severity. The accident time affected the degree of injury severity; i.e., compared to dawn, injury severity increased in the morning (OR: 1.246, p=0.047) and decreased at night (OR: 0.678, p<0.001). A significant difference was noted in the correlation between the type of vehicle causing the accident and the accident severity; i.e., motorcycle accidents had lower severity than bicycle accidents (OR: 0.582, p=0.047). Conclusions: Injury severity was correlated with sex, age, transportation to the ED, TA onset time, and type of vehicle. The study results suggest that injury severity may be positively reflected in initial assessments and overall integrated treatments by physicians and in the related policies.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.233-254
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• 2017

본 연구는 교통사고 가운데 인적피해를 동반한 교통사고에 대해 교통사고의 시공간적 특성과 교통사고 심각도에 영향을 미치는 주요인을 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2012년부터 2015년 까지 4년간 서울시에서 발생한 교통사고 데이터 가운데 인적사고가 있는 데이터를 교통사고 심각도에 따라 경상, 중상, 사망 교통사고로 분류하고, 교통사고의 시공간특성분석은 커널분석, 핫스팟분석, 스페이스타임큐브분석, EHSA(Emerging HotSpot Analysis)를 수행하였으며, 교통사고 심각도에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석은 데이터마이닝 기법중의 하나인 의사결정나무 모형을 활용하였다. 분석결과 서울시 교통사고는 도심부 보다는 외곽지역에서 많이 발생하며 특히 한강 이남의 상업 활동이 많은 곳에서 교통사고가 많음을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 서초와 강남의 일부 상업 및 유흥지역을 중심으로 교통사고 집중지역이 나타나며 교통사고 다발지역은 시간이 흐름에 따라 그 현상이 더욱 심화되는 경향을 보이고 있었다. 사망교통사고의 경우 지역적으로는 영등포구, 구로구, 종로구, 중구, 성북구 일부지역에 통계적으로 유의미한 핫스팟지역이 나타나지만 시간대별로 구분해보면 오후 퇴근시간 부터 새벽까지 일부 구간에서 핫스팟이 나타나며 시간 고려 없이 분석된 결과와는 상이한 패턴이 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 서울시 교통사고 심각도에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인으로는 사고유형이 가장 중요한 역할을 하며 도로의 종류, 차량의 종류, 교통사고 발생 시간, 법규위반 종류 등의 순으로 중요도가 나타났다. 교통사고 가운데 심각한 교통사고로 이어지는 경우는 차대 사람이나 차량단독으로 사고가 나는 경우 고속도로나 특별광역시도와 같이 폭원이 넓고 차량속도가 높은 곳에서 승합차나 화물차에서 중상의 교통사고가 일어날 가능성이 높으며, 동일한 상황에서 승합차나 화물차가 아닌 승용차, 자전거, 이륜차 등의 경우에는 새벽시간에 심각한 교통사고로 이어질 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.198-203
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• 2019

Background Professional affiliation between medical centers and professional sports teams can be mutually beneficial in the provision of healthcare and marketing strategy. Anecdotal evidence suggests a link between trauma volume and sporting events; however, there is limited data. This study aims to characterize the incidence of operative hand and facial trauma during professional baseball home games. Methods A retrospective review of surgical cases for traumatic hand or facial injuries at a level 1 center between 1999 and 2012 was performed. Demographic information including date of injury, admission status, and operative repair were collected. Patients were grouped based on whether their trauma occurred on the date of a home game. Results Operative hand and facial trauma occurred at a rate of 33.4 injuries per 100 days with home games, compared to 22.2 injuries per 100 days (incidence rate ratios, 1.50; 95% confidence interval, 1.34-1.69). When home games were played, patients were more likely to present as a result of motorcycle accidents (3.1% vs. 1.5%; P=0.04) or bicycle accidents (5.0% vs. 2.6%; P=0.01). Other mechanisms of trauma were not statistically different. There was an increase incidence of injuries during home games in August; weekly variability showed an increased incidence during the weekends. Conclusions There was an increased rate of operative hand and facial injuries on dates with professional home games. The incidence of injuries during home games was higher in the late summer and on the weekends. Further analysis may allow improved resource allocation and strategies for injury prevention and treatment.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors that contribute to head injuries among drivers of personal mobility devices and provide insights into safety perceptions. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data of 221 trauma patients obtained from electronic medical records and the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) over one year, from August 1, 2021, to July 31, 2022. The patients, all in their 20s and 30s, presented to a single emergency medical center following personal mobility device accidents (motorcycles, electric scooters, and bicycles). Results: Among motorcycle riders, 18.2% were not wearing helmets, while the percentage of e-scooter riders not wearing helmets was 87.5%. Wearing a helmet was associated with a 71.2% lower likelihood of head injuries (OR=0.288, CI=0.163 to 0.509, p=0.000). Of the personal mobility devices, motorcycles had a 0.431 times lower odds ratio for head injury compared to e-scooters (p=0.009), and there was no significant difference between e-scooters and bicycles (p=0.776). Conclusion: It is imperative to strengthen safety regulations by mandating helmet use for riders of personal mobility devices. A system to enhance driving enforcement for electric scooters, which are increasingly popular among young adults, should also be established.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2020

Purpose: The primary objective of this research is to propose answers of rider's accident of food retailer in South Korea, in view of business sustainability of food retailer and his precious fate of rider who is a father that has a responsibility to the family. Research design, data, and methodology: We investigated previous studies such as food retailer, delivery, delivery application of mobile, rider's accident and statistics of delivery business agency, motorcycle accident ratio, annual fatalist, and further we analyzed cases of rider's accidents. Results: Rider's accident on the road toward food retailer is serious risky factor to their business reputation, corporate image, because claim amount related to death and physical/mental disability can be heavily damaged to food retailer. The point when rider dies is that rider is a person responsible for supporting his/her family, that is, a life itself issue together with downfall of family. Conclusions: In view of growth of South Korean' delivery rider industry, the authors recommended that focus of stability and sustainablity of both food retailer and delivery rider should establish to executable and practical ideas such as rider's readiness, abandon of speed guarantee, duty of delivery app business and legal aids.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제82권2호
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• pp.233-244
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• 2022

Following a loss of control, the impact against a road barrier in a turn predominates among the most severe motorcyclist accidents. These road restraint devices can be equipped with a motorcycle screen, the function of which is to restrain the rider and minimize the consequences of the impact in terms of the severity of injuries. The performance of these screens is evaluated by the European normative procedure EN1317-8, which specifies the test conditions, based on one or two configurations. In practice, however, these impact conditions are very diverse, difficult to extrapolate from accident analysis and therefore poorly investigated. This study is interested in improving knowledge of these impact conditions in terms of impact speed, impact angle and particularly position of the rider. A finite element model has been developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of the rider from loss of control to impact on the screen. Statistical analysis of the results shows a high variability of the impact conditions, in particular with regard to the direction of turn (to the right or to the left). Some improvements are suggested in order to overcome the limitations inherent in standard procedures.