• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.408-424
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• 2023

Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) is an incapacitating disorder that impacts a substantial proportion of stroke survivors and can diminish their quality of life. Conventional therapies for CPSP, including tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and opioids, are frequently ineffective, necessitating the investigation of alternative therapeutic strategies. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is now recognized as a promising noninvasive pain management method for CPSP. rTMS modulates neural activity through the administration of magnetic pulses to specific cortical regions. Trials analyzing the effects of rTMS on CPSP have generated various outcomes, but the evidence suggests possible analgesic benefits. In CPSP and other neuropathic pain conditions, high-frequency rTMS targeting the primary motor cortex (M1) with figure-eight coils has demonstrated significant pain alleviation. Due to its associaton with analgesic benefits, M1 is the most frequently targeted area. The duration and frequency of rTMS sessions, as well as the stimulation intensity, have been studied in an effort to optimize treatment outcomes. The short-term pain relief effects of rTMS have been observed, but the long-term effects (> 3 months) require further investigation. Aspects such as stimulation frequency, location, and treatment period can influence the efficacy of rTMS and ought to be considered while planning the procedure. Standardized guidelines for using rTMS in CPSP would optimize therapy protocols and improve patient outcomes. This review article provides an up-to-date overview of the incidence, clinical characteristics, outcome of rTMS in CPSP patients, and future perspective in the field.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was prepared for investigating the clinical features of stroke patients. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 169 patients who were admitted to Dept. of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung-Won University with a diagnosis of stroke from Jan. 1, 2003 to Dec. 31, 2003. Results : Ischemic stroke(include TIA, 85.2%) was more common than hemorrhagic stroke(14.8%). The incidence in male was 46.7%, in female was 53.3% and the most prevalent age group is over-sixties. Cerebral infarction was most frequently noticed in MCA territory and lacunar-inf., hemorrhage in putamen. Hypertention, the most preceding diseases, followed by diabetes mellitus. The rate of recurrence was 30.18%. Cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage was much occurred in acting. The most patients visited the hospital after 5 days. The most common symptoms in admission time were motor weakness and speech disorder. The complication was mostly urinary tract infection. Physical treatment from onset, in cerebral infarction was 9.14 days and in cerebral hemorrhage was 18.33 days. Conclusions : Our study on CVA patients was similar to previous studies from 1994 to 2002. In most cases, western and oriental treatment and medicine were given synthetically.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was prepared for investigating the clinical features of stroke patients. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 75 patients who were admitted to Department of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung-Won University with a diagnosis of stroke from Jan. 1, 2005 to Dec. 31, 2005. Results : Ischemic stroke(include TIA, 93.3%) was more common than hemorrhagic stroke(6.7%). The incidence in male was 36.0%, in female was 64.0% and the most prevalent age group is over-sixties. Cerebral infarction was most frequently noticed in MCA-infarction and hemorrhage in putamen & thalamus. Hypertention, the most preceding diseases, followed by diabetes mellitus and CVA. The rate of recurrence was 21.3%. Cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage was much occurred after rising. The most patients visited the hospital within 24 Hours. The most common symptoms in admission time were motor weakness and speech disorder. The complication was mostly urinary tract inflamation. Conclusions : Our study on CVA patients was similar to previous studies from 1994 to 2004. In most cases, western and oriental treatment and medicine were given synthetically.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

The following study reviewed the walking patterns of stroke patients with hemiplegia, which is called hemiplegic gait of stroke patients. Focusing is given to the changes in the distance and temporal factors of walking, which is called spatiotemporal characteristics, throughout the walking cycle. First, we introduced the definitions of essential terms related to gait and its measure. Second, we reviewed the spatiotemporal characteristics of hemiplegic gait. A main issue was that hemiplegic gait showed significant deviations from normal healthy gait. Although hemiplegia is primarily associated with unilateral motor disorder, changes in almost all spatiotemporal parameters used to assess walking were evident on both the involved and uninvolved sides of the body. Last, we reviewed the changes of spatiotemporal parameters of hemiplegic gait according to the prognosis or status of stroke patients, which may help to give a specific intervention for rehabilitation of stroke.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2023

■Objectives This case study is to report the effects of Korean medicine on parkinsonism patient's Gait Disturbance. ■Methods During 12 days of hospitalization, the patient was treated by acupuncture, pharmaco-acupuncture, moxibustion, herbal medicine, especially Cheongsimyeonjatang-gamibang. In order to assess the change of symptoms, we used a 3-Dimensional(3D) gait analysis system, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS), analysis of gait video and self-evaluation of discomfort. ■Results After treatment, The improvements of walking pattern were observed in both objective analysis results of gait analysis system and subjective video analysis. And the UPDRS score decreased, especially Part III score decreased more than minimal clinically important difference(MCID). In addition, There was improvement in self assessment of the patient. ■Conclusion This study suggests that Korean medical treatment might be effective in motor disorder of parkinsonism patient.

• CELLMED
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• v.13 no.14
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• pp.16.1-16.14
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• 2023

Objective: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopment disorder attributed to an insult or injury to the developing brain with abnormalities in muscular tone, movement and motor skill. Improvement in quality of life and ameliorating symptoms can be achieved. Therefore, this case report details a distinctive approach to treating a 5-year-old male child with quadriplegic spastic cerebral palsy utilizing Unani treatment modalities. Methods: The treatment regimen commenced with 'Habb Ayarij for constipation followed by Sharbat Ustukhuddus administered orally. Notably, Sharbat Ustukhuddus was combined with Melia Azedarach L. leaves vapour bath. Subsequently, Roghan Babunna douche was performed followed by Dalk Layyin andcontinued until symptomatic improvement was observed. Majun Falasfa, Khamira Marwareed and Khameera Gauzaban were administered for 30 days. The therapeutic outcome included anthropometrical measurements, developmental milestones, spasm/reflex scale, and muscle power grading. Results and conclusion: Over the course of a 2-year follow-up, several clinical findings emerged. These included notable improvements in anthropometric measurements, developmental milestones such as improved head control and sitting ability, and a reduction in spasticity of the upper limbs, along with decreased muscle spasms. The therapeutic outcome of this individualized and holistic approach is potentially due to the multifaceted properties of medicinal plants (Musakkin wa Muharrik wa Muqawwi-i- A'sab wa Dimāgh, Munawwim, Dafi-i-Tashannuj, Muqawwi-i-Qalb-i-Ruh). Furthermore, the use of Dalk and Naṭūl was instrumental in providing nourishment to musculoskeletal cells and initiating intracellular signaling cascades. While these findings are encouraging, further research in the form of case series andrandomized controlled trials is warranted to validate the efficacy of this unique holistic approach.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2024

The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Acoustic Voice Tremor index (AVTI) for the acoustic measurement of voice tremor. A total of 71 normal adults and 41 patients with voice tremor participated in the study. Vowels /a/ were recorded for at least five seconds. Three seconds of vowel stable duration were edited to identify measures of 18 variables related to voice tremor using a Praat script. These variables and the overall severity (OS) of auditory-perceptual assessment were used to design the AVTI using linear regression analysis. The linear regression analysis identified four out of the 18 variables as significant, and a regression equation was constructed. Furthermore, internal and external validity studies demonstrated high correlations, with an average of over 0.8. The AVTI demonstrated a high correlation of 0.841 with OS. The AVTI was found to be capable of predicting voice tremor. Further studies should include a larger number of voice samples and a complementary Praat script for further analysis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

Objective : Purpose of this study is to discuss benefits and implications of the clinical reasoning process and re-evaluation in the OTIPM by introducing a single case that occupational therapy intervention is provided based on the OTIPM. Methods : The case subject is a boy aged 5 years and 10 month who had diagnosed as attachment disorder and anxiety disorder from a pediatric psychiatrist before. The boy is referred to sensory integration therapy clinic and underwent occupational therapy intervention service twice a week for four month. Therapeutic activities for the intervention were consisted of sensory integration activities for restorative model, care-giver education for educational model, and performance skill training for acquisitional model. Measurements used in the initial evaluation are JSI-R, DDST-2, Social Maturity Test, KPPS-R, and observation-based performance task analysis. For the performance task analysis, performance skill items were constructed based on the Occupational Therapy Process Framework (OTPF), and those were assessed by the evaluation system of Assessment of Motor and Process Skill (AMPS) and Evaluation of Social Participation (ESI). Results : The detail process of implementing of the OTIPM in this study is reported by following four phases; 1) establish client-centered performance context; 2) establish baseline and interpret cause (initial evaluation); 3) intervention planning and implementing; and 4) recognize intervention outcome (reevaluation). Conclusion : In this case, occupational therapist could provide the client an occupation-based intervention within comprehensive performance context based on the OTIPM. Therapist could clearly identify the cause of problematic performance skills and behaviors and so provide effective intervention to improve client's occupational performance. Additionally, it was found that client's satisfaction of the intervention can be raised when the concept of 'who is the client' is expanded based on the OTIPM. From this study, it is proposed that OTIPM may be a model educible 'comprehensive' enhancement of 'specific' occupational engagement, as it considers both improvement of occupational performance and satisfaction.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.361-373
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• 1999

Objectives: Receive Operating Characteristic(ROC) curve with the area under the ROC curve(AUC) is one of the most popular indicator to evaluate the criterion validity of the measurement tool. This study was conducted to develop a standardized questionnaire to discriminate workers at high-risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders using ROC analysis. Methods: The diagnostic results determined by rehabilitation medicine specialists in 370 persons(89 shipyard CAD workers, 113 telephone directory assistant operators, 79 women with occupation, and 89 housewives) were compared with participant's own replies to 'the questionnair on the worker's subjective physical symptoms'(Kwon, 1996). The AUC's from four models with different methods in item selection and weighting were compared with each other. These 4 models were applied to 225 persons, working in an assembly line of motor vehicle, for the purpose of AUC reliability test. Results: In a weighted model with 11 items, the AUC was 0.8155 in the primary study population, and 0.8026 in the secondary study population(p=0.3780). It was superior in the aspects of discriminability, reliability and convenience. A new questionnaire of musculoskeletal disorder could be constructed by this model. Conclusion: A more valid questionnaire with a small number of items and the quantitative weight scores useful for the relative comparisons are the main results of this study. While the absolute reference value applicable to the wide range of populations was not estimated, the basic intent of this study, developing a surveillance fool through quantitative validation of the measures, would serve for the systematic disease prevention activities.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2004

PURPOSE: Tourette's disorder (TD), which is characterized by multiple waxing and waning motor tics and one or more vocal tics, is known to be associated with abnormalities in the dopaminergic system. To testify our hypothesis that risperidone would improve tic symptoms of TD patients through the change of the dopaminergic system, we measured the dopamine transporter (DAT) densities between drug-naive children with TD and normal children, and investigated the DAT density before and after treatment with risperidone in drug-naive children with TD, using iodine-123 labelled $N-(3-iodopropen-2-yl)-2{\beta}-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-chlorophenyl)tropane$ ($[^{123}I]IPT$) single photon omission computed tomography (SPECT). MATERIALS and METHODS: $[^{123}I]IPT$ SPECT Imaging and Yale Global Tic Severity Scale-Korean version (YGTSS-K) for assessing the tic symptom severity were carried out before and after treatment with risperidone for 8 weeks in nine drug-naive children with TD. Eleven normal children also underwent SPECT imaging 2 hours after an intravenous administration of $[^{123}I]IPT$. RESULTS: Drug-naive children with TD had a significantly greater increase in the specific/nonspecific DAT binding ratio of both basal ganglia compared with the normal children. However, no significant difference in the specific/nonspecific DAT binding ratio of the basal ganglia before and after treatment with risperidone in children with TD was found, although tic symptoms were significantly improved with risperidone. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that DAT densities are directly associated with the pathophysiology of TD, however, that the effect of risperidone on tic symptoms in children with TD is not attributed to the change of dopaminergic system.