• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the acoustic characteristics of Korean alveolar sibilant sounds of children with cerebral palsy by acoustic analysis. Thirteen children with spastic cerebral palsy aging from 6 to 10 years old, were selected by an articulation test, and compared with a control group of thirty children. The meaningless monosyllable CV, disyllable VCV(/asa/) and frame sentence including target syllables CV were measured. C was from the /s, s'/, and V was from the set /a, i, u, ${\varepsilon}$, o, ɯ, ʌ/. Multi-Speech was used for data recording and analysis. As a result, the frication duration of lenis-glottalized alveolar sibilant of children with cerebral palsy was significantly shorter than that of the control group in CV, VCV and frame sentence. The vowel duration in the following lenis-glottalized alveolar sibilant of children with cerebral palsy was significantly longer than that of the control group in CV, VCV and frame sentence. The children with cerebral palsy showed frequency and intensity of friction intervals which were significantly lower than in the control group in CV, VCV and frame sentence. In the comparison of the lenis-glottalized alveolar sibilant by the children with cerebral palsy group's phonation types, the frication duration showed a significant difference between the phonation types in CV, VCV and between the phonetic contexts. The glottalized-sibilant was longer than the lenis-sibilant in all the phonetic contexts. The subsequent vowel duration showed a significant difference between the phonation types in VCV and between the phonetic contexts(p<.05). The vowel duration in the following glottalized-sibilant was longer than the vowel duration in the following lenis-sibilant in all the phonetic contexts. In the frequency there was a significant difference between the phonation types in CV, and in the intensity there was a significant difference between the phonation type in CV and VCV. The children with spastic cerebral palsy had difficulty in articulating the alveolar sibilant due to poor control ability in laryngeal, respiration and articulatory movements which require fine motor coordination. This study quantitatively analyzes the acoustic parameters of the alveolar sibilant in various phonetic contexts. Therefore, the results are expected to help provide fundamental data for an intervention of articulation treatment for children with cerebral palsy.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2014

Purpose: Recently, the population of elderly people has been increasing rapidly all over the world. The social activities of the aging population have increased, which has also increased the number of elderly patients injured in traffic accidents. Thus, we analyzed the characteristics of elderly patients involved in traffic accidents. Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively from July 2008 to March 2009 among trauma patients involved in traffic accidents who visited Wonju Severance Christian Hospital. Patients under 18 years of age and pregnant patients were excluded. We divided the patients in two groups, a geriatrics group and an adult group on the basis of an age of 65. We compared the types of traffic accidents, the locations of the accidents, the behaviors of the patients at the times of the accidents, the use of seat-belts, and alcohol consumption between the two groups. We calculated the Revised Trauma Score (RTS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), and Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) for each group. Results: Total number of the included patients was 903, and the number of elderly patients was 181 (mean age: $71.7{\pm}4.9$ years old). There were no significant differences in the initial vital signs, GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale), and RTS between the two groups. There were differences in the types and the locations of the crashes, the behaviors of the patients at the times of the accidents, the use of seat belts, and alcohol consumption between the two groups (p<0.05). The average ISS of the geriatric group was higher than that of the adult group ($9.66{\pm}10.11$ vs. $6.59{\pm}8.99$, p=0.004). The mortality was higher in the geriatric group (n=17,9%) than in the adult group (n=23,2%) (p=0.004). Conclusion: The numbers of mortalities and surgical procedures were greater within the elderly group than the adult group. The average ISS was higher in the geriatric group than in the adult group. The severity of injuries due to traffic accidents was higher in the geriatric group than it was in the adult group.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2021

본 연구의 주요 목적은 노인의 여가 생활 스포츠 참여의 여가 만족도, 여가 능력, 운동 만족도, 일관된 운동 행동 패턴 사이의 구조적 관계를 분석하여 향후 미래사회가 요구하는 방향의 기초자료로 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위해 경기도 용인 및 성남시 스포츠 클럽 3곳을 선정하여 239명의 노인의 샘플링을 조사하여 활용하였으며, 연구의 목적에 따라 통계 기법, spss, Amos 23.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 분석에 사용 하였다. 이에 따른 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 노인운동 프로그램 참여자들의 여가경험이 운동만족도에 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 노인운동 프로그램 참여자들의 운동몰입은 운동 만족도에 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 노인운동 프로그램 참여자들의 운동 만족도는 지속적인 운동 지속성과 운동 몰입 만족도에 영향을 미친다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합해 보면 노인의 여가경험에 따른 운동몰입, 운동만족 및 운동지속행위가 성공적 노화에 중요한 역할과 윤택한 삶의 질에 기여한다 할 수 있으며 나아가 노인들의 삶의 질 개선 및 노인운동시설의 프로그램 참여자들을 위한 유기적 커뮤니케이션을 통한 다양한 재정적 지원과 연구가 절실히 요구되는 바이다.

• 환경생물
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2020

가습기 살균제 성분(PHMG, PGH, CMIT/MIT)의 노출에 의한 다양한 장기에 대한 독성들에 대해서 피해사례는 계속 증가하고 있으나, 세포모델과 동물모델에서의 연구와 보고는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 심혈관 독성, 간 독성, 배아 독성에 대해서는 최근 알려져 있으나 뇌신경 독성과 피부 독성에 대해서는 상대적으로 적게 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 이들 세 가지 성분들의 피부 독성과 뇌신경 독성을 사람 피부섬유세포와 제브라피쉬 동물모델을 대상으로 각각 평가하였다. 사람피부섬유세포에 세 가지의 성분들을 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16 mg L^-1 (최종농도)로 처리하였을 때, 세포 생존율은 PHMG가 33%로 가장 낮았고, PGH가 49%, CMIT/MIT가 40%의 생존율을 보였다. 세포배양액 내의 산화물을 정량해본 결과, PHMG 처리된 세포가 28 nmol MDA로 가장 높았고, PGH가 13 nmol MDA, CMIT가 21 nmol MDA를 보였다. 제브라피쉬 사육수조에 PHMG, PGH, CMIT를 40 mg L^-1의 최종농도가 되도록 희석한 후, 제브라피쉬를 30분간 노출시킨 후 중뇌의 광시개영역(optic tectum)을 횡면 미세절단하여 산화물의 생성정도를 비교해본 결과, CMIT/MIT를 처리한 그룹에서 대조군 대비 17배 많은 산화물의 생성이 있었고, PGH를 처리한 그룹에서는 15배, PHMG를 처리한 그룹에서는 11배 많은 산화물이 관찰되어 심각한 뇌신경계 독성을 보여주었다. 결론적으로 세 가지 종류의 가습기 살균제 성분들에서 모두 심각한 피부세포 독성과 뇌신경계 독성이 나타났는데, 피부 독성은 특히 PHMG가, 뇌신경계 독성은 특히 CMIT/MIT가 가장 심각하였다. 이들 결과들은 가습기 살균제에 노출된 어린이들이 뇌신경계 독성을 통하여 언어장애, 운동장애, 발달장애 등을 겪게 될 수도 있음을 실험적으로 제시한다.